메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 91, Issue 7, 2011, Pages 1213-1221

In vitro fermentation characteristics of diets with different forage/concentrate ratios: Comparison of rumen and faecal inocula

Author keywords

Diets; Faeces; Forage concentrate ratio; in vitro gas production; Rumen fluid; Stoichiometric calculations

Indexed keywords

VOLATILE FATTY ACID;

EID: 79953674774     PISSN: 00225142     EISSN: 10970010     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4302     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 84981838493 scopus 로고
    • A two stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops
    • Tilley JM and Terry RA, A two stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. J Br Grassl Soc 18: 104-111 (1963).
    • (1963) J Br Grassl Soc , vol.18 , pp. 104-111
    • Tilley, J.M.1    Terry, R.A.2
  • 2
    • 84972113949 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro
    • Menke KH, Raab L, Salewski A, Steingass H, Fritz D and Schneider W, Estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro. J Agric Sci (Camb) 93: 217-222 (1979).
    • (1979) J Agric Sci (Camb) , vol.93 , pp. 217-222
    • Menke, K.H.1    Raab, L.2    Salewski, A.3    Steingass, H.4    Fritz, D.5    Schneider, W.6
  • 3
    • 0000945405 scopus 로고
    • A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds
    • Theodorou MK, Williams BA, Dhanoa MS, McAllan AB and France J, A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol 48: 185-197 (1994).
    • (1994) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.48 , pp. 185-197
    • Theodorou, M.K.1    Williams, B.A.2    Dhanoa, M.S.3    McAllan, A.B.4    France, J.5
  • 5
    • 46149132844 scopus 로고
    • The use of an enzymic technique to predict digestibility, metabolisable and net energy of compound feedstuffs for ruminants
    • De Boever JL, Cottyn BG, Buysse FX, Wainman FW and Vanacker JM, The use of an enzymic technique to predict digestibility, metabolisable and net energy of compound feedstuffs for ruminants. Anim Feed Sci Technol 14: 203-214 (1986).
    • (1986) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.14 , pp. 203-214
    • De Boever, J.L.1    Cottyn, B.G.2    Buysse, F.X.3    Wainman, F.W.4    Vanacker, J.M.5
  • 6
    • 0029397686 scopus 로고
    • Measurement and kinetics analysis of the neutral detergent-soluble carbohydrate fraction of legumes and grasses
    • Schofield P and Pell AN, Measurement and kinetics analysis of the neutral detergent-soluble carbohydrate fraction of legumes and grasses. J Anim Sci 73: 3455-3463 (1995).
    • (1995) J Anim Sci , vol.73 , pp. 3455-3463
    • Schofield, P.1    Pell, A.N.2
  • 7
    • 0030141161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of maturity on digestion kinetics of water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions of alfalfa and brome hay
    • Stefanon B, Pell AN and Schofield P, Effect of maturity on digestion kinetics of water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions of alfalfa and brome hay. J Anim Sci 74: 1104-1115 (1996).
    • (1996) J Anim Sci , vol.74 , pp. 1104-1115
    • Stefanon, B.1    Pell, A.N.2    Schofield, P.3
  • 8
    • 0037081707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro degradability of three forages: fermentation kinetics and gas production of NDF and neutral detergent soluble fraction of forages
    • Calabrò S, Infascelli F, Bovera F, Moniello G and Piccolo V, In vitro degradability of three forages: fermentation kinetics and gas production of NDF and neutral detergent soluble fraction of forages. J Sci Food Agric 82: 222-229 (2001).
    • (2001) J Sci Food Agric , vol.82 , pp. 222-229
    • Calabrò, S.1    Infascelli, F.2    Bovera, F.3    Moniello, G.4    Piccolo, V.5
  • 9
    • 0342618787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15N incorporation and its implications for the prediction of voluntary feed intake of roughages
    • 15N incorporation and its implications for the prediction of voluntary feed intake of roughages. Br J Nutr 77: 911-921 (1997).
    • (1997) Br J Nutr , vol.77 , pp. 911-921
    • Blümmel, B.Y.1    Steingass, H.2    Becker, K.3
  • 10
    • 0027586725 scopus 로고
    • Computerized monitoring of gas production to measure forage digestion in vitro
    • Pell AN and Schofield P, Computerized monitoring of gas production to measure forage digestion in vitro. J Dairy Sci 76: 1063-1073 (1993).
    • (1993) J Dairy Sci , vol.76 , pp. 1063-1073
    • Pell, A.N.1    Schofield, P.2
  • 11
    • 0000363436 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of in vitro gas production and nylon bag degradability of roughages in predicting feed intake in cattle
    • Blümmel M and Ørskov ER, Comparison of in vitro gas production and nylon bag degradability of roughages in predicting feed intake in cattle. Anim Feed Sci Technol 40: 109-119 (1993).
    • (1993) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.40 , pp. 109-119
    • Blümmel, M.1    Ørskov, E.R.2
  • 12
    • 0028312242 scopus 로고
    • In vitro estimation of rumen fermentable organic matter using rumen fluid and a cell free preparation of rumen fluid
    • Cone JW, van Gelder AH, Veerman ET and van Vuuren AM, In vitro estimation of rumen fermentable organic matter using rumen fluid and a cell free preparation of rumen fluid. Neth J Agric Sci 42: 343-356 (1994).
    • (1994) Neth J Agric Sci , vol.42 , pp. 343-356
    • Cone, J.W.1    van Gelder, A.H.2    Veerman, E.T.3    van Vuuren, A.M.4
  • 13
    • 0347447446 scopus 로고
    • Application of a modified in vitro procedure in the prediction of organic matter digestibility of feedstuffs for ruminants
    • Nikolic JA, Jovanovic M and Zeremski D, Application of a modified in vitro procedure in the prediction of organic matter digestibility of feedstuffs for ruminants. Acta Vet (Beograd) 37: 3-12 (1987).
    • (1987) Acta Vet (Beograd) , vol.37 , pp. 3-12
    • Nikolic, J.A.1    Jovanovic, M.2    Zeremski, D.3
  • 14
    • 0345895347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of three sources of inocula for predicting apparent digestibility of ruminant feedstuffs
    • Borba AES, Correia PJA, Fernandes JMM and Borba AFRS, Comparison of three sources of inocula for predicting apparent digestibility of ruminant feedstuffs. Anim Res 50: 265-273 (2001).
    • (2001) Anim Res , vol.50 , pp. 265-273
    • Borba, A.E.S.1    Correia, P.J.A.2    Fernandes, J.M.M.3    Borba, A.F.R.S.4
  • 15
    • 0009707389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A low tech in-vitro procedure using faecal fluid for the estimation of digestibility of forages
    • Omed HM, Faza A, Axford RFE and Givens DI, A low tech in-vitro procedure using faecal fluid for the estimation of digestibility of forages. Proc Br Soc Anim Sci p. 59 (1998).
    • (1998) Proc Br Soc Anim Sci , pp. 59
    • Omed, H.M.1    Faza, A.2    Axford, R.F.E.3    Givens, D.I.4
  • 16
    • 84974249970 scopus 로고
    • Use of faecal organisms from sheep for the in vitro determination of digestibility
    • El Shaer HM, Omed HM, Chamberlain AG and Axford RFE, Use of faecal organisms from sheep for the in vitro determination of digestibility. J Agric Sci (Camb) 109: 257-259 (1987).
    • (1987) J Agric Sci (Camb) , vol.109 , pp. 257-259
    • El Shaer, H.M.1    Omed, H.M.2    Chamberlain, A.G.3    Axford, R.F.E.4
  • 17
    • 27544495198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro microbial inoculum: a review of its function and properties
    • Mould FL, Kliem KE, Morgan R and Mauricio RM, In vitro microbial inoculum: a review of its function and properties. Anim Feed Sci Technol 123/124: 31-50 (2005).
    • (2005) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.123-124 , pp. 31-50
    • Mould, F.L.1    Kliem, K.E.2    Morgan, R.3    Mauricio, R.M.4
  • 18
    • 2842538352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of alternative sources of inocula in an in vitro digestibility technique
    • Borba AES and Ramalho Ribeiro JMC, A comparison of alternative sources of inocula in an in vitro digestibility technique. Ann Zootech 45: 89-95 (1996).
    • (1996) Ann Zootech , vol.45 , pp. 89-95
    • Borba, A.E.S.1    Ramalho Ribeiro, J.M.C.2
  • 19
    • 27544484007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of two in vitro fermentation gas production methods using both rumen fluid and faecal inoculum from sheep
    • Váradyová Z, Baran M and Zelenak I, Comparison of two in vitro fermentation gas production methods using both rumen fluid and faecal inoculum from sheep. Anim Feed Sci Technol 123/124: 81-94 (2005).
    • (2005) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.123-124 , pp. 81-94
    • Váradyová, Z.1    Baran, M.2    Zelenak, I.3
  • 20
    • 0346545848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative efficacy of inocula from rumen fluid or faecal solution for determining in vitro digestibility and gas production
    • El-Meadaway A, Mir Z, Mir PS, Zaman MS and Yanke LJ, Relative efficacy of inocula from rumen fluid or faecal solution for determining in vitro digestibility and gas production. Can J Anim Sci 78: 673-679 (1998).
    • (1998) Can J Anim Sci , vol.78 , pp. 673-679
    • El-Meadaway, A.1    Mir, Z.2    Mir, P.S.3    Zaman, M.S.4    Yanke, L.J.5
  • 21
    • 0039037501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro digestibility assessment of tropical shrub legumes using rumen fluid or faecal fluid as the inoculum source
    • Jones RJ and Barnes P, In vitro digestibility assessment of tropical shrub legumes using rumen fluid or faecal fluid as the inoculum source. Trop Grassl 30: 374-377 (1996).
    • (1996) Trop Grassl , vol.30 , pp. 374-377
    • Jones, R.J.1    Barnes, P.2
  • 22
    • 0035862887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of bovine rumen fluid and bovine faeces as inoculum for an in vitro gas production technique for evaluating forages
    • Mauricio RM, Owen ER, Mould FL, Givens I, Theodorou MK, France J, et al, Comparison of bovine rumen fluid and bovine faeces as inoculum for an in vitro gas production technique for evaluating forages. Anim Feed Sci Technol 89: 33-48 (2001).
    • (2001) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.89 , pp. 33-48
    • Mauricio, R.M.1    Owen, E.R.2    Mould, F.L.3    Givens, I.4    Theodorou, M.K.5    France, J.6
  • 23
    • 0008355988 scopus 로고
    • A new laboratory procedure for determining the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds
    • Theodorou MK, A new laboratory procedure for determining the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds. Cienc Invest Agric 20: 332-334 (1993).
    • (1993) Cienc Invest Agric , vol.20 , pp. 332-334
    • Theodorou, M.K.1
  • 24
    • 0004202155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AOAC, 17th edn). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD.
    • AOAC, Official Methods of Analysis (17th edn). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD (2000).
    • (2000) Official Methods of Analysis
  • 25
    • 0026232176 scopus 로고
    • Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition
    • Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB and Lewis BA, Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 74: 3583-3597 (1991).
    • (1991) J Dairy Sci , vol.74 , pp. 3583-3597
    • Van Soest, P.J.1    Robertson, J.B.2    Lewis, B.A.3
  • 26
    • 79953674241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fermentation characteristics of different grain legumes cultivars with the in vitro gas production technique
    • Calabrò S, Tudisco R, Balestrieri A, Piccolo G, Infascelli F and Cutrignelli MI, Fermentation characteristics of different grain legumes cultivars with the in vitro gas production technique. Ital J Anim Sci 8: 280-282 (2009).
    • (2009) Ital J Anim Sci , vol.8 , pp. 280-282
    • Calabrò, S.1    Tudisco, R.2    Balestrieri, A.3    Piccolo, G.4    Infascelli, F.5    Cutrignelli, M.I.6
  • 27
    • 0031823421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of cumulative gas and volatile fatty acid production to predict in vitro fermentation kinetics of Italian ryegrass leaf cell walls and contents at various time intervals
    • Groot JCJ, Williams BA, Oostdam AJ, Boer H and Tamminga S, The use of cumulative gas and volatile fatty acid production to predict in vitro fermentation kinetics of Italian ryegrass leaf cell walls and contents at various time intervals. Br J Nutr 79: 519-525 (1998).
    • (1998) Br J Nutr , vol.79 , pp. 519-525
    • Groot, J.C.J.1    Williams, B.A.2    Oostdam, A.J.3    Boer, H.4    Tamminga, S.5
  • 30
    • 0007685171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial activities of faeces from unweaned and adult pigs, in relation to selected fermentable carbohydrates
    • Bauer E, Williams BA, Voigt C, Mosenthin R and Verstegen MWA, Microbial activities of faeces from unweaned and adult pigs, in relation to selected fermentable carbohydrates. Anim Sci 73: 313-322 (2001).
    • (2001) Anim Sci , vol.73 , pp. 313-322
    • Bauer, E.1    Williams, B.A.2    Voigt, C.3    Mosenthin, R.4    Verstegen, M.W.A.5
  • 31
    • 0004282518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAS, 6th edn). SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
    • SAS, SAS User's Guide: Statistics (6th edn). SAS Institute, Cary, NC (2000).
    • (2000) SAS User's Guide: Statistics
  • 33
    • 0016043840 scopus 로고
    • Ponies vs. steers: microbial and chemical characteristics of intestinal ingesta
    • Kern DL, Slyter LL, Leffel EC, Weaver JM and Oultjen RR, Ponies vs. steers: microbial and chemical characteristics of intestinal ingesta. J Anim Sci 38: 559-564 (1974).
    • (1974) J Anim Sci , vol.38 , pp. 559-564
    • Kern, D.L.1    Slyter, L.L.2    Leffel, E.C.3    Weaver, J.M.4    Oultjen, R.R.5
  • 34
    • 0001741678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of gas production capacity by three sources of inocula
    • Gonçalves LMBO and Borba AES, Study of gas production capacity by three sources of inocula. J Agric Sci (Camb) 127: 511-515 (1996).
    • (1996) J Agric Sci (Camb) , vol.127 , pp. 511-515
    • Gonçalves, L.M.B.O.1    Borba, A.E.S.2
  • 35
  • 36
    • 79953701402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro digestibility of grazed mixed native range forage using inoculum from alternative sources
    • Butler N, Younglove GA, Waggoner JW and Hart RH, In vitro digestibility of grazed mixed native range forage using inoculum from alternative sources. J Anim Sci 78: (Suppl. 2), p. 17 (2004).
    • (2004) J Anim Sci , vol.78 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 17
    • Butler, N.1    Younglove, G.A.2    Waggoner, J.W.3    Hart, R.H.4
  • 37
    • 0033199199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine faeces as a source of micro-organisms for the in vitro digestibility assay of forages
    • Akhter S, Owen E, Theodorou MK, Butler EA and Minson DJ, Bovine faeces as a source of micro-organisms for the in vitro digestibility assay of forages. Grass Forage Sci 54: 219-226 (1999).
    • (1999) Grass Forage Sci , vol.54 , pp. 219-226
    • Akhter, S.1    Owen, E.2    Theodorou, M.K.3    Butler, E.A.4    Minson, D.J.5
  • 38
    • 21344466982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The determination of digestibility of Atriplex nummularia cv. De Kock (Oldman's saltbush) using different in vitro techniques
    • Van der Baan A, van Niekerk A, Rethman NFG and Coertze RJ, The determination of digestibility of Atriplex nummularia cv. De Kock (Oldman's saltbush) using different in vitro techniques. S Afr J Anim Sci 34: 95-97 (2004).
    • (2004) S Afr J Anim Sci , vol.34 , pp. 95-97
    • Van der Baan, A.1    van Niekerk, A.2    Rethman, N.F.G.3    Coertze, R.J.4
  • 39
    • 27544493761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro cumulative gas production techniques: history, methodological considerations and challenges
    • Rymer C, Huntington JA, Williams BA and Givens DI, In vitro cumulative gas production techniques: history, methodological considerations and challenges. Anim Feed Sci Technol 123/124: 9-30 (2005).
    • (2005) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.123-124 , pp. 9-30
    • Rymer, C.1    Huntington, J.A.2    Williams, B.A.3    Givens, D.I.4
  • 40
    • 79953725770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the gas production technique to investigate responses of supplementing low quality forages: 1. In vitro interactions
    • ed. by Deaville ER, Owen E, Adesogen AT, Rymer C, Huntington JA and Lawrence TLJ. British Society of Animal Science, Edinburgh
    • Wood CD, Murray AH, Moss AR and Givens DI, Use of the gas production technique to investigate responses of supplementing low quality forages: 1. In vitro interactions, in In Vitro Techniques for Measuring Nutrient Supply to Ruminants (BSAS Occasional Publication No. 22), ed. by Deaville ER, Owen E, Adesogen AT, Rymer C, Huntington JA and Lawrence TLJ. British Society of Animal Science, Edinburgh, pp. 92-94 (1998).
    • (1998) In Vitro Techniques for Measuring Nutrient Supply to Ruminants (BSAS Occasional Publication No. 22) , pp. 92-94
    • Wood, C.D.1    Murray, A.H.2    Moss, A.R.3    Givens, D.I.4
  • 41
    • 0032937334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of inoculum preparation method and concentration, method of inoculation and pre-soaking the substrate on the gas production profile of high temperature dried grass
    • Rymer C, Huntington JA and Givens DI, Effects of inoculum preparation method and concentration, method of inoculation and pre-soaking the substrate on the gas production profile of high temperature dried grass. Anim Feed Sci Technol 78: 199-213 (1999).
    • (1999) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.78 , pp. 199-213
    • Rymer, C.1    Huntington, J.A.2    Givens, D.I.3
  • 42
    • 0031310868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutral detergent fiber disappearance and gas and volatile fatty acid production during the in vitro fermentation of six forages
    • Doane PH, Schofield P and Pell AN, Neutral detergent fiber disappearance and gas and volatile fatty acid production during the in vitro fermentation of six forages. J Anim Sci 75: 3342-3352 (1997).
    • (1997) J Anim Sci , vol.75 , pp. 3342-3352
    • Doane, P.H.1    Schofield, P.2    Pell, A.N.3
  • 43
    • 2342486571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison between buffalo (Bubalus bubalus) and cow (Bos taurus) rumen fluids in terms of the in vitro fermentation characteristics of three fibrous feedstuffs
    • Calabrò S, Williams BA, Piccolo V, Infascelli F and Tamminga S, A comparison between buffalo (Bubalus bubalus) and cow (Bos taurus) rumen fluids in terms of the in vitro fermentation characteristics of three fibrous feedstuffs. J Sci Food Agric 84: 645-652 (2004).
    • (2004) J Sci Food Agric , vol.84 , pp. 645-652
    • Calabrò, S.1    Williams, B.A.2    Piccolo, V.3    Infascelli, F.4    Tamminga, S.5
  • 44
    • 79953695407 scopus 로고
    • Use of fresh or frozen faeces instead of sheep rumen fluid for in vitro digestibility assays for forage
    • Akhter S, Owen E, Fal A, O'Donovan F and Theodorou MK, Use of fresh or frozen faeces instead of sheep rumen fluid for in vitro digestibility assays for forage. Proc Br Soc Anim Sci p. 100 (1994).
    • (1994) Proc Br Soc Anim Sci , pp. 100
    • Akhter, S.1    Owen, E.2    Fal, A.3    O'Donovan, F.4    Theodorou, M.K.5
  • 45
    • 27544471132 scopus 로고
    • Repeatability of in vitro digestibility assays of forages when using fresh, frozen or freeze-dried cow faeces instead of sheep rumen fluid as sources of micro-organisms
    • Akhter S, Owen E, Tembo SL, Theodorou MK and Deaville ER, Repeatability of in vitro digestibility assays of forages when using fresh, frozen or freeze-dried cow faeces instead of sheep rumen fluid as sources of micro-organisms. Anim Prod 60: 540A (1995).
    • (1995) Anim Prod , vol.60
    • Akhter, S.1    Owen, E.2    Tembo, S.L.3    Theodorou, M.K.4    Deaville, E.R.5
  • 46
    • 50149088921 scopus 로고
    • The use of dairy cow faeces rather than rumen fluid in the gas pressure transducer technique for assessing digestion kinetics in vitro
    • Harris DM, Barlet A and Chamberlain AT, The use of dairy cow faeces rather than rumen fluid in the gas pressure transducer technique for assessing digestion kinetics in vitro. Proc Br Soc Anim Sci p. 113 (1995).
    • (1995) Proc Br Soc Anim Sci , pp. 113
    • Harris, D.M.1    Barlet, A.2    Chamberlain, A.T.3
  • 47
    • 79953684932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of bovine rumen fluid and bovine faeces as sources of micro-organisms for the in vitro gas production technique for assessing silages of maize and maize plant fractions. Proc. BSAS Annual Winter Meeting, Scarborough
    • Altaf UR, Mauricio R, Mould F, Smith T, Owen E, Phipps RH, et al, Comparison of bovine rumen fluid and bovine faeces as sources of micro-organisms for the in vitro gas production technique for assessing silages of maize and maize plant fractions. Proc. BSAS Annual Winter Meeting, Scarborough, p. 60 (1998).
    • (1998) , pp. 60
    • Altaf, U.R.1    Mauricio, R.2    Mould, F.3    Smith, T.4    Owen, E.5    Phipps, R.H.6
  • 48
    • 2342499059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The suitability of a faecal suspension of sheep as inocula for the estimation of utilizable crude protein of feeds by in vitro incubation
    • Chen XJ and Zhao GY, The suitability of a faecal suspension of sheep as inocula for the estimation of utilizable crude protein of feeds by in vitro incubation Arch Anim Nutr 58: 137-148 (2004).
    • (2004) Arch Anim Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 137-148
    • Chen, X.J.1    Zhao, G.Y.2
  • 49
    • 27544500373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of rumen liquor and faeces, in UK and Brazil, as sources of microorganisms for in vitro gas production for assessing twelve forages
    • Mauricio RM, Owen E, Abdalla L, Bueno ICS, Mould FL, Gilmour S, et al, Comparison of rumen liquor and faeces, in UK and Brazil, as sources of microorganisms for in vitro gas production for assessing twelve forages. Proc Br Soc Anim Sci p. 147 (1999).
    • (1999) Proc Br Soc Anim Sci , pp. 147
    • Mauricio, R.M.1    Owen, E.2    Abdalla, L.3    Bueno, I.C.S.4    Mould, F.L.5    Gilmour, S.6
  • 50
    • 36248951726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of organic matter content on earthworms and nitrogen mineralization in grassland soils
    • Van Vliet PCJ, Van der Stelt B, Rietberg PI and De Goede RGM, Effects of organic matter content on earthworms and nitrogen mineralization in grassland soils. Eur J Soil Biol 43: S222-S229 (2007).
    • (2007) Eur J Soil Biol , vol.43
    • Van Vliet, P.C.J.1    Van der Stelt, B.2    Rietberg, P.I.3    De Goede, R.G.M.4
  • 51
    • 38249002844 scopus 로고
    • The contributions of bacteria and protozoa to ruminal forage fermentation in vitro, as determined by microbial gas production
    • Hidayat C, Hillman K, Newbold CJ and Stewart CS, The contributions of bacteria and protozoa to ruminal forage fermentation in vitro, as determined by microbial gas production. Anim Feed Sci Technol 42: 193-208 (1993).
    • (1993) Anim Feed Sci Technol , vol.42 , pp. 193-208
    • Hidayat, C.1    Hillman, K.2    Newbold, C.J.3    Stewart, C.S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.