Evidence-based diuretic therapy for improving cardiovascular prognosis in systemic hypertension

American Journal of Cardiology

Volumn 107, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 1178-1184

  Al Badarin, Firas J ^a   Abuannadi, Mohammad A ^a   Lavie, Carl J ^b   O'Keefe, James H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONIST; AMILORIDE; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ATENOLOL; BENAZEPRIL; CHLOROTHIAZIDE; CHLORTALIDONE; CLONIDINE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; ENALAPRIL; EPLERENONE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; INDAPAMIDE; INDAPAMIDE PLUS PERINDOPRIL; LISINOPRIL; METOLAZONE; NIFEDIPINE; PERINDOPRIL; PLACEBO; POTASSIUM SPARING DIURETIC AGENT; RESERPINE; SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; SPIRONOLACTONE; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT; TRIAMTERENE;

ADD ON THERAPY; ALBUMINURIA; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; DISTRIBUTION VOLUME; DIURETIC ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG HALF LIFE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; GYNECOMASTIA; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERKALEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERURICEMIA; HYPOKALEMIA; MASTALGIA; MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MONOTHERAPY; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; STROKE;

EID: 79953243999     PISSN: 00029149     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.12.016     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. M.E. Ernst, and M. Moser Use of diuretics in patients with hypertension N Engl J Med 361 2009 2153 2164
2. J. Sassard, A. Bataillard, and H. McIntyre An overview of the pharmacology and clinical efficacy of indapamide sustained release Fundam Clin Pharmacol 19 2005 637 645 (Pubitemid 43821998)
3. E.D. Freis, A. Wanko, I.M. Wilson, and A.E. Parrish Treatment of essential hypertension with chlorothiazide (Diuril); its use alone and combined with other antihypertensive agents JAMA 166 1958 137 140
4. M.E. Ernst, B.L. Carter, C.J. Goerdt, J.J. Steffensmeier, B.B. Phillips, M.B. Zimmerman, and G.R. Bergus Comparative antihypertensive effects of hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone on ambulatory and office blood pressure Hypertension 47 2006 352 358 (Pubitemid 43740274)
5. M.E. Ernst, B.L. Carter, S. Zheng, and R.H. Grimm Jr Meta-analysis of dose-response characteristics of hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone: effects on systolic blood pressure and potassium Am J Hypertens 23 2010 440 446
6. N. Khosla, D.Y. Chua, W.J. Elliott, and G.L. Bakris Are chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide equivalent blood-pressure-lowering medications? J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 7 2005 354 356
7. J.M. Wright, and V.M. Musini First-line drugs for hypertension Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009 CD001841
8. M.R. Law, J.K. Morris, and N.J. Wald Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies BMJ 338 2009 b1665
9. B.L. Carter, M.E. Ernst, and J.D. Cohen Hydrochlorothiazide versus chlorthalidone: evidence supporting their interchangeability Hypertension 43 2004 4 9 (Pubitemid 38031903)
10. N.M. Kaplan The choice of thiazide diuretics: why chlorthalidone may replace hydrochlorothiazide Hypertension 54 2009 951 953
11. Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group Five-year findings of the hypertension detection and follow-up program. I. Reduction in mortality of persons with high blood pressure, including mild hypertension JAMA 242 1979 2562 2571
12. SHEP Cooperative Research Group Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP) JAMA 265 1991 3255 3264
13. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) JAMA 288 2002 2981 2997
14. L.A. Hebert, B.H. Rovin, and C.J. Hebert The design of ALLHAT may have biased the study's outcome in favor of the diuretic cohort Nat Clin Pract Nephrol 3 2007 60 61 (Pubitemid 46160992)
15. A.V. Chobanian, G.L. Bakris, H.R. Black, W.C. Cushman, L.A. Green, J.L. Izzo Jr, D.W. Jones, B.J. Materson, S. Oparil, J.T. Wright Jr, and E.J. Roccella The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report JAMA 289 2003 2560 2572 (Pubitemid 37430158)
16. A. Amery, W. Birkenhager, P. Brixko, C. Bulpitt, D. Clement, M. Deruyttere, A. De Schaepdryver, C. Dollery, R. Fagard, F. Forette, R. Hamdy, J.V. Joossens, P. Lund-Johansen, J. Petrie, J. Tuomilehto, and B. Williams Mortality and morbidity results from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly trial Lancet 1 1985 1349 1354 (Pubitemid 15060905)
17. MRC Working Party Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results BMJ 304 1992 405 412
18. M.J. Brown, C.R. Palmer, A. Castaigne, P.W. de Leeuw, G. Mancia, T. Rosenthal, and L.M. Ruilope Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT) Lancet 356 2000 366 372 (Pubitemid 30487492)
19. P. Leren, and A. Helgeland Coronary heart disease and treatment of hypertension Some Oslo Study data Am J Med 80 1986 3 6 (Pubitemid 16131296)
20. L.M. Wing, C.M. Reid, P. Ryan, L.J. Beilin, M.A. Brown, G.L. Jennings, C.I. Johnston, J.J. McNeil, G.J. Macdonald, J.E. Marley, T.O. Morgan, and M.J. West A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-convertingenzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly N Engl J Med 348 2003 583 592 (Pubitemid 36204952)
21. K. Jamerson, M.A. Weber, G.L. Bakris, B. Dahlof, B. Pitt, V. Shi, A. Hester, J. Gupte, M. Gatlin, and E.J. Velazquez Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients N Engl J Med 359 2008 2417 2428
22. K.A. Jamerson, G.L. Bakris, and M.A. Weber 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure in the ACCOMPLISH trial N Engl J Med 363 2010 98
23. D.S. Siscovick, T.E. Raghunathan, B.M. Psaty, T.D. Koepsell, K.G. Wicklund, X. Lin, L. Cobb, P.M. Rautaharju, M.K. Copass, and E.H. Wagner Diuretic therapy for hypertension and the risk of primary cardiac arrest N Engl J Med 330 1994 1852 1857 (Pubitemid 24188137)
24. Mortality after 10 1/2 years for hypertensive participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Circulation 82 1990 1616 1628
25. B.M. Psaty, T. Lumley, and C.D. Furberg Meta-analysis of health outcomes of chlorthalidone-based vs nonchlorthalidone-based low-dose diuretic therapies JAMA 292 2004 43 44 (Pubitemid 38923792)
26. R.A. Davidson Review: low-dose diuretics are the best first-line antihypertensive therapy ACP J Club 140 2004 3
27. W.J. Elliott, and R.H. Grimm Jr Using diuretics in practiceone opinion J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 10 2008 856 862
28. M. Mitka Experts argue not all diuretics the same JAMA 298 2007 31 (Pubitemid 47026786)
29. M.S. Zhou, I.H. Schulman, E.A. Jaimes, and L. Raij Thiazide diuretics, endothelial function, and vascular oxidative stress J Hypertens 26 2008 494 500 (Pubitemid 351317258)
30. F. Turnbull, B. Neal, M. Pfeffer, J. Kostis, C. Algert, M. Woodward, J. Chalmers, A. Zanchetti, and S. MacMahon Blood pressure-dependent and independent effects of agents that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system J Hypertens 25 2007 951 958 (Pubitemid 46573113)
31. B.H. Rovin, and L.A. Hebert Thiazide diuretic monotherapy for hypertension: diuretic's dark side just got darker Kidney Int 72 2007 1423 1426 (Pubitemid 350197960)
32. S. Reungjui, T. Pratipanawatr, R.J. Johnson, and T. Nakagawa Do thiazides worsen metabolic syndrome and renal disease? The pivotal roles for hyperuricemia and hypokalemia Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 17 2008 470 476
33. S. Reungjui, H. Hu, W. Mu, C.A. Roncal, B.P. Croker, J.M. Patel, T. Nakagawa, T. Srinivas, K. Byer, J. Simoni, D. Wesson, V. Sitprija, and R.J. Johnson Thiazide-induced subtle renal injury not observed in states of equivalent hypokalemia Kidney Int 72 2007 1483 1492 (Pubitemid 350197949)
34. G. Corrao, L. Scotti, V. Bagnardi, and R. Sega Hypertension, antihypertensive therapy and renal-cell cancer: a meta-analysis Curr Drug Saf 2 2007 125 133 (Pubitemid 46805544)
35. E. Grossman, F.H. Messerli, and U. Goldbourt Does diuretic therapy increase the risk of renal cell carcinoma? Am J Cardiol 83 1999 1090 1093 (Pubitemid 29162797)
36. E. Ambrosioni, M. Safar, J.P. Degaute, P.L. Malin, M. MacMahon, D.R. Pujol, A. de Cordoue, D. Guez European study group Low-dose antihypertensive therapy with 1.5 mg sustained-release indapamide: results of randomised double-blind controlled studies J Hypertens 16 1998 1677 1684 (Pubitemid 28515495)
37. H. Madkour, M. Gadallah, B. Riveline, G.E. Plante, and S.G. Massry Indapamide is superior to thiazide in the preservation of renal function in patients with renal insufficiency and systemic hypertension Am J Cardiol 77 suppl 1996 23B 25B (Pubitemid 26071504)
38. B. Dahlof, P. Gosse, P. Gueret, O. Dubourg, G. de Simone, R. Schmieder, Y. Karpov, J. Garcia-Puig, L. Matos, P.W. De Leeuw, J.P. Degaute, and D. Magometschnigg Perindopril/indapamide combination more effective than enalapril in reducing blood pressure and left ventricular mass: the PICXEL study J Hypertens 23 2005 2063 2070 (Pubitemid 41830403)
39. N. de Luca, J.M. Mallion, M.F. O'Rourke, E. O'Brien, K.H. Rahn, B. Trimarco, R. Romero, P.W. De Leeuw, G. Hitzenberger, E. Battegay, D. Duprez, P. Sever, and M.E. Safar Regression of left ventricular mass in hypertensive patients treated with perindopril/indapamide as a first-line combination: the REASON echocardiography study Am J Hypertens 17 2004 660 667 (Pubitemid 39091546)
40. P. Gosse, D.J. Sheridan, F. Zannad, O. Dubourg, P. Gueret, Y. Karpov, P.W. de Leeuw, J.L. Palma-Gamiz, A. Pessina, W. Motz, J.P. Degaute, and C. Chastang Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients treated with indapamide SR 1.5 mg versus enalapril 20 mg: the LIVE study J Hypertens 18 2000 1465 1475
41. J.G. Puig, M. Marre, F. Kokot, M. Fernandez, G. Jermendy, L. Opie, V. Moyseev, A. Scheen, C. Ionescu-Tirgoviste, M.H. Saldanha, A. Halabe, B. Williams, D. Mion Jr, M. Ruiz, K. Hermansen, J. Tuomilehto, B. Finizola, Y. Gallois, P. Amouyel, J.P. Ollivier, and R. Asmar Efficacy of indapamide SR compared with enalapril in elderly hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes Am J Hypertens 20 2007 90 97 (Pubitemid 46019848)
42. C.E. Mogensen, G. Viberti, S. Halimi, E. Ritz, L. Ruilope, G. Jermendy, J. Widimsky, P. Sareli, J. Taton, J. Rull, G. Erdogan, P.W. De Leeuw, A. Ribeiro, R. Sanchez, R. Mechmeche, J. Nolan, J. Sirotiakova, A. Hamani, A. Scheen, B. Hess, A. Luger, and S.M. Thomas Effect of low-dose perindopril/indapamide on albuminuria in diabetes: Preterax in albuminuria regression: PREMIER Hypertension 41 2003 1063 1071 (Pubitemid 36548604)
43. Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6,105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack Lancet 358 2001 1033 1041
44. A. Patel, S. MacMahon, J. Chalmers, B. Neal, M. Woodward, L. Billot, S. Harrap, N. Poulter, M. Marre, M. Cooper, P. Glasziou, D.E. Grobbee, P. Hamet, S. Heller, L.S. Liu, G. Mancia, C.E. Mogensen, C.Y. Pan, A. Rodgers, and B. Williams Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial Lancet 370 2007 829 840 (Pubitemid 47362321)
45. N.S. Beckett, R. Peters, A.E. Fletcher, J.A. Staessen, L. Liu, D. Dumitrascu, V. Stoyanovsky, R.L. Antikainen, Y. Nikitin, C. Anderson, A. Belhani, F. Forette, C. Rajkumar, L. Thijs, W. Banya, and C.J. Bulpitt Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older N Engl J Med 358 2008 1887 1898 (Pubitemid 351620109)
46. HYVET study, 2008 http://www.trialresultscenter.org/study7101-HYVET.htm Accessed July 25, 2010
47. M. de Gasparo, U. Joss, H.P. Ramjoue, S.E. Whitebread, H. Haenni, L. Schenkel, C. Kraehenbuehl, M. Biollaz, J. Grob, and J. Schmidlin Three new epoxy-spirolactone derivatives: characterization in vivo and in vitro J Pharmacol Exp Ther 240 1987 650 656 (Pubitemid 17018455)
48. B. Pitt, W. Remme, F. Zannad, J. Neaton, F. Martinez, B. Roniker, R. Bittman, S. Hurley, J. Kleiman, and M. Gatlin Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction N Engl J Med 348 2003 1309 1321 (Pubitemid 36384098)
49. B. Vogt, and M. Burnier Aldosterone and cardiovascular risk Curr Hypertens Rep 11 2009 450 455
50. A. Tomaschitz, S. Pilz, E. Ritz, A. Meinitzer, B.O. Boehm, and W. Marz Plasma aldosterone levels are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study Eur Heart J 31 2010 1237 1247
51. F. de Souza, E. Muxfeldt, R. Fiszman, and G. Salles Efficacy of spironolactone therapy in patients with true resistant hypertension Hypertension 55 2010 147 152
52. M.K. Nishizaka, M.A. Zaman, and D.A. Calhoun Efficacy of low-dose spironolactone in subjects with resistant hypertension Am J Hypertens 16 2003 925 930 (Pubitemid 37315491)
53. J.W. Funder, R.M. Carey, C. Fardella, C.E. Gomez-Sanchez, F. Mantero, M. Stowasser, W.F. Young Jr, and V.M. Montori Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93 2008 3266 3281
54. C. Catena, G. Colussi, E. Nadalini, A. Chiuch, S. Baroselli, R. Lapenna, and L.A. Sechi Cardiovascular outcomes in patients with primary aldosteronism after treatment Arch Intern Med 168 2008 80 85
55. J.A. Ezekowitz, and F.A. McAlister Aldosterone blockade and left ventricular dysfunction: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials Eur Heart J 30 2009 469 477
56. F. Zannad, J.J. McMurray, H. Krum, D.J. van Veldhuisen, K. Swedberg, H. Shi, J. Vincent, S.J. Pocock, and B. Pitt Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms N Engl J Med 364 2011 11 21
57. B. Pitt, N. Reichek, R. Willenbrock, F. Zannad, R.A. Phillips, B. Roniker, J. Kleiman, S. Krause, D. Burns, and G.H. Williams Effects of eplerenone, enalapril, and eplerenone/enalapril in patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: the 4E-left ventricular hypertrophy study Circulation 108 2003 1831 1838 (Pubitemid 37296092)
58. A. Sato, M. Hayashi, and T. Saruta Relative long-term effects of spironolactone in conjunction with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor on left ventricular mass and diastolic function in patients with essential hypertension Hypertens Res 25 2002 837 842 (Pubitemid 36024638)
59. W.B. White, D.St. Hillaire R. Duprez, S. Krause, B. Roniker, J. Kuse-Hamilton, and M.A. Weber Effects of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone versus the calcium antagonist amlodipine in systolic hypertension Hypertension 41 2003 1021 1026 (Pubitemid 36548598)
60. S.D. Navaneethan, S.U. Nigwekar, A.R. Sehgal, and G.F. Strippoli Aldosterone antagonists for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009 CD007004
61. H.W. Schnaper, E.D. Freis, R.G. Friedman, W.T. Garland, W.D. Hall, J. Hollifield, A.K. Jain, P. Jenkins, A. Marks, F.G. McMahon, N.C. Sambol, R.L. Williams, and N. Winer Potassium restoration in hypertensive patients made hypokalemic by hydrochlorothiazide Arch Intern Med 149 1989 2677 2681 (Pubitemid 20009724)
62. B.S. Heran, J.M. Chen, J.J. Wang, and J.M. Wright Blood pressure lowering efficacy of potassium-sparing diuretics (that block the epithelial sodium channel) for primary hypertension Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010 CD008167