Ecological controls on net ecosystem productivity of a mesic arctic tundra under current and future climates

Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences

Volumn 116, Issue 1, 2011, Pages

  Grant, R F ^a   Humphreys, E R ^b   Lafleur, P M ^c   Dimitrov, D D ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b CARLETON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c TRENT UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d LAURENTIAN FORESTRY CENTRE   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT; CARBON DIOXIDE; CLIMATE CHANGE; EDDY COVARIANCE; ENERGY FLUX; GROWING SEASON; MINERALIZATION; NET ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTION; NUMERICAL MODEL; SHRUB; SOIL TYPE; TUNDRA;

CANADA; DARING LAKE; NORTHWEST TERRITORIES;

EID: 79952999508     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2010JG001555     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Aurela, M., J.-P. Tuovinen, and T. Laurila (2001), Net CO2 exchange of a subarctic mountain birch ecosystem, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 70, 135-148, doi:10.1007/s007040170011. (Pubitemid 33098827)
2. Aurela, M., T. Laurila, and J.-P. Tuovinen (2004), The timing of snow melt controls the annual CO2 balance in a subarctic fen, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L16119, doi:10.1029/2004GL020315. (Pubitemid 39428468)
3. Chapin, F. S., III, and G. R. Shaver (1996), Physiological and growth responses of arctic plants to a field experiment simulating climatic change, Ecology, 77, 822-840, doi:10.2307/2265504. (Pubitemid 126494910)
4. Chapin, F. S., III, G. R. Shaver, A. E. Giblin, K. J. Nadelhoffer, and J. A. Laundre (1995), Responses of arctic tundra to experimental and observed changes in climate, Ecology, 76, 694-711, doi:10.2307/1939337.
5. Christensen, T. R., I. C. Prentice, J. Kaplan, A. Haxeltine, and S. Sitch (1996), Methane flux from northern wetlands and tundra: An ecosystem source modelling approach, Tellus, Ser. B, 48, 652-661, doi:10.1034/j.1600-0889.1996. t01-4-00004.x. (Pubitemid 126592302)
6. Climatic Atlas of Canada (1984), Map Series 1 and 2, Gov. of Can., Ottawa, Ont.
7. Dredge, L. A., D. E. Kerr, and S. A. Wolfe (1999), Surficial materials and related ground ice conditions, Slave Province, N. W. T., Canada, Can. J. Earth Sci., 36, 1227-1238, doi:10.1139/cjes-36-7-1227. (Pubitemid 30144629)
8. Euskirchen, E. S., A. D. McGuire, F. S. Chapin III, S. Yi, and C. C. Thompson (2009), Changes in vegetation in northern Alaska under scenarios of climate change, 2003-2100: Implications for climate feedbacks, Ecol. Appl., 19, 1022-1043, doi:10.1890/08-0806.1.
9. Fahnestock, J. T., M. H. Jones, and J. M. Welker (1999), Wintertime CO2 efflux from Arctic soils: Implications for annual carbon budgets, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13(3), 775-779, doi:10.1029/1999GB900006. (Pubitemid 30024876)
10. Grant, R. F. (2001), A review of the Canadian ecosystem model ecosys, in Modeling Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics for Soil Management, edited by M. Shaffer, pp. 173-263, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
11. Grant, R. F., and L. B. Flanagan (2007), Modeling stomatal and nonstomatal effects of water deficits on CO2 fixation in a semiarid grassland, J. Geophys. Res., 112, G03011, doi:10.1029/2006JG000302. (Pubitemid 350120711)
12. Grant, R. F., and I. A. Nalder (2000), Climate change effects on net carbon exchange of a boreal aspen-hazelnut forest: Estimates from the ecosystem model ecosys, Global Change Biol., 6, 183-200, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000. 00288.x. (Pubitemid 30160160)
13. Grant, R. F., and N. T. Roulet (2002), Methane efflux from boreal wetlands: Theory and testing of the ecosystem model ecosys with chamber and tower flux measurements, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16(4), 1054, doi:10.1029/2001GB001702.
14. Grant, R. F., R. L. Garcia, P. J. Pinter Jr., D. Hunsaker, G. W. Wall, B. A. Kimball, and R. L. LaMorte (1995a), Interaction between atmospheric CO 2 concentration and water deficit on gas exchange and crop growth: Testing of ecosys with data from the Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment, Global Change Biol., 1, 443-454, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995. tb00042.x. (Pubitemid 26476380)
15. Grant, R. F., B. A. Kimball, P. J. Pinter Jr., G. W. Wall, R. L. Garcia, R. L. LaMorte, and D. J. Hunsaker (1995b), CO2 effects on crop energy balance: Testing ecosys with a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment, Agron. J., 87, 446-457, doi:10.2134/agronj1995. 00021962008700030010x.
16. Grant, R. F., G. W. Wall, K. F. A. Frumau, P. J. Pinter Jr., D. Hunsaker, B. A. Kimball, and R. L. LaMorte (1999), Crop water relations under different CO2 and irrigation: Testing of ecosys with the Free Air CO 2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment, Agric. For. Meteorol., 95, 27-51, doi:10.1016/S0168-1923 (99) 00017-9. (Pubitemid 29263271)
17. Grant, R. F., et al. (2001), CO2 effects on mass and energy exchange of wheat under different N fertilization: Model theory and testing with a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment, Agron. J., 93, 638-649, doi:10.2134/agronj2001.933638x.
18. Grant, R. F., W. C. Oechel, C. Ping, and H. Kwon (2003), Carbon balance of coastal arctic tundra under changing climate, Global Change Biol., 9, 16-36, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00549.x. (Pubitemid 36154612)
19. Grant, R. F., et al. (2004), How elevated CO2 affects water relations, water use and growth of irrigated sorghum: Testing a model with results from a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment, Agron. J., 96, 1693-1705, doi:10.2134/agronj2004.1693.
20. Grant, R. F., T. A. Black, D. Gaumont-Guay, N. Kljun, A. G. Barr, K. Morgenstern, and Z. Nesic (2006), Net ecosystem productivity of boreal aspen forests under drought and climate change: Mathematical modelling with ecosys, Agric. For. Meteorol., 140, 152-170, doi:10.1016/j. agrformet.2006.01.012. (Pubitemid 44854250)
21. Grant, R. F., et al. (2007a), Net ecosystem productivity of boreal jack pine stands regenerating from clearcutting under current and future climates, Global Change Biol., 13, 1423-1440, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01363.x. (Pubitemid 47079774)
22. Grant, R. F., T. A. Black, E. R. Humphreys, and K. Morgenstern (2007b), Changes in net ecosystem productivity with forest age following clearcutting of a coastal Douglas fir forest: Testing a mathematical model with eddy covariance measurements along a forest chronosequence, Tree Physiol, 27, 115-131. (Pubitemid 46224817)
23. Grant, R. F., H. A. Margolis, A. G. Barr, T. A. Black, A. L. Dunn, P. Y. Bernier, and O. Bergeron (2008), Changes in net ecosystem productivity of boreal black spruce stands in response to changes in temperature at diurnal and seasonal time scales, Tree Physiol, 29, 1-17, doi:10.1093/treephys/tpn004.
24. Grant, R. F., A. G. Barr, T. A. Black, H. A. Margolis, A. L. Dunn, J. Metsaranta, S. Wang, J. H. McCaughey, and C. P.-A. Bourque (2009), Interannual variation in net ecosystem productivity of Canadian forests as affected by regional weather patterns-A Fluxnet-Canada synthesis, Agric. For. Meteorol, 149, 2022-2039, doi:10.1016/j.agrformet. 2009.07.010.
25. Grant, R. F., A. G. Barr, T. A. Black, H. A. Margolis, J. H. McCaughey, and J. A. Trofymow (2010a), Net ecosystem productivity of temperate and boreal forests after clearcutting-A Fluxnet-Canada measurement and modelling synthesis, Tellus, Ser. B, 62, 475-496, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00500.x.
26. Grant, R. F., T. A. Black, R. S. Jassal, and C. Bruemmer (2010b), Changes in net ecosystem productivity and greenhouse gas exchange with fertilization of Douglas fir: Mathematical modeling in ecosys, J. Geophys. Res., 115, G04009, doi:10.1029/2009JG001094.
27. Groendahl, L., T. Friborg, and H. Soegaard (2007), Temperature and snowmelt controls on interannual variability in carbon exchange in the high Arctic, Theor. Appl. Climatol, 88, 111-125, doi:10.1007/s00704-005-0228-y. (Pubitemid 46061524)
28. Hayne, S. (2009), Controls on atmospheric exchanges of carbon dioxide and methane for a variety of arctic tundra types, M. Sc. thesis, 157 pp., Dep. of Geogr. and Environ. Stud., Carleton Univ., Ottawa, Ont.
29. Hobbie, S. E., and F. S. Chapin (1998), The response of tundra plant biomass, aboveground production, nitrogen and CO2 flux to experimental warming, Ecology, 79, 1526-1544. (Pubitemid 28382434)
30. Hudson, J. M. G., and G. H. R. Henry (2009), Increased plant biomass in a High Arctic heath community from 1981 to 2008, Ecology, 90, 2657-2663, doi:10.1890/09-0102.1.
31. Johnson, L. C, G. R. Shaver, A. E. Giblin, K. J. Nadelhoffer, E. R. Rastetter, J. A. Laundre, and G. L. Murray (1996), Effects of drainage and temperature on carbon balance of tussock tundra ecosystems, Oecologia, 108, 737-748, doi:10.1007/BF00329050.
32. Jonasson, S., J. Castro, and A. Michelsen (2004), Litter, warming and plants affect respiration and allocation of soil microbial and plant C, N and P in arctic mesocosms, Soil Biol. Biochem., 36, 1129-1139, doi:10.1016/j.soilbio. 2004.02.023. (Pubitemid 38791467)
33. Kimball, J. S., K. C. McDonald, and M. Zhao (2006), Spring thaw and its effect on terrestrial vegetation productivity in the western arctic observed from satellite microwave and optical remote sensing, Earth Interact, 10, 1-22, doi:10.1175/EI187.1.
34. Kwon, H.-J., W. C. Oechel, R. C. Zulueta, and S. J. Hastings (2006), Effects of climate variability on carbon sequestration among adjacent wet sedge tundra and moist tussock tundra ecosystems, J. Geophys. Res., 111, G03014, doi:10.1029/2005JG000036. (Pubitemid 47489862)
35. Lafleur, P. M., and E. R. Humphreys (2008), Spring warming and carbon dioxide exchange over low Arctic tundra in central Canada, Global Change Biol, 14, 740-756, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01529.x. (Pubitemid 351425920)
36. Laurila, T., H. Soegaard, C. R. Lloyd, M. Aurela, J.-P. Tuovinen, and C. Nordstroem (2001), Seasonal variation of net CO2 exchange in European arctic ecosystems, Theor. Appl. Climatol, 70, 183-201, doi:10.1007/ s007040170014. (Pubitemid 33098830)
37. Li, T., R. F. Grant, and L. B. Flanagan (2004), Climate impact on net ecosystem productivity of a semi-arid natural grassland: Modeling and measurement, Agric. For. Meteorol., 126, 99-116, doi:10.1016/j. agrformet.2004.06.005. (Pubitemid 39415733)
38. Lloyd, C. R. (2001), The measurement and modelling of the carbon dioxide exchange at a high Arctic site in Svalbard, Global Change Biol, 7, 405-426, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00422.x. (Pubitemid 32477867)
39. Marchand, F. L., I. Nijs, H. J. de Boeck, F. Kockelbergh, and S. Martens (2004), Increased turnover but little change in the carbon balance of a high arctic tundra exposed to whole growing season warming, Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res., 36, 298-307, doi:10.1657/1523-0430 (2004) 036[0298: ITBLCI]2.0.CO;2.
40. McGuire, A. D., L. G. Anderson, T. R. Christensen, S. Dallimore, L. Guo, D. J. Hayes, M. Heimann, T. D. Lorenson, R. W. Macdonald, and N. Roulet (2009), Sensitivity of the carbon cycle in the Arctic to climate change, Ecol. Monogr., 79, 523-555, doi:10.1890/08-2025.1.
41. Meteorological Service of Canada (2004), Canadian Acid Deposition Science Assessment, Environ. Can., Ottawa, Ont.
42. Music, B., and D. Caya (2007), Evaluation of the hydrological cycle over the Mississippi River Basin as simulated by the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM), J. Hydrometeorol., 8(5), 969-988, doi:10.1175/JHM627.1. (Pubitemid 350148658)
43. Nobrega, S., and P. Grogan (2007), Deeper snow enhances winter respiration from both plant-associated and bulk soil carbon pools in birch hummock tundra, Ecosystems, 10, 419-431, doi:10.1007/s10021-007-9033-z. (Pubitemid 47298163)
44. Nobrega, S., and P. Grogan (2008), Landscape and ecosystem-level controls on net carbon dioxide exchange along a natural moisture gradient in Canadian low arctic tundra, Ecosystems, 11, 377-396, doi:10.1007/s10021-008-9128-1.
45. Oberbauer, S. F., et al. (2007), Tundra CO2 fluxes in response to experimental warming across latitudinal and moisture gradients, Ecol. Monogr., 77, 221-238, doi:10.1890/06-0649. (Pubitemid 351342499)
46. Oechel, W. C., and G. L. Vourlitis (1994), The effects of climate change on arctic tundra ecosystems, Trends Ecol. Evol., 9, 324-329, doi:10.1016/0169-5347 (94) 90152-X.
47. Oechel, W. C., S. Cowles, N. Grulke, S. J. Hastings, B. Lawrence, T. Prodhomme, G. Reichers, B. Strain, D. Tissue, and G. Vourlitis (1994), Transient nature of CO2 fertilization in arctic tundra, Nature, 371, 500-503, doi:10.1038/371500a0.
48. Oechel, W. C., G. Vourlitis, and S. J. Hastings (1997), Cold season CO2 emission from Arctic soils, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11(2), 163-172, doi:10.1029/96GB03035.
49. Piao, S., et al. (2008), Net carbon dioxide losses of northern ecosystems in response to autumn warming, Nature, 451, 49-52, doi:10.1038/nature06444.
50. Polyakov, I. V., G. V. Alekseev, R. V. Bekryaev, U. Bhatt, R. L. Colony, M. A. Johnson, V. P. Karklin, A. P. Makshtas, D. Walsh, and A. V. Yulin (2002), Observationally based assessment of polar amplification of global warming, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(18), 1878, doi:10.1029/2001GL011111.
51. Qian, H., R. Joseph, and N. Zeng (2010), Enhanced terrestrial carbon uptake in the northern high latitudes in the 21st century from the Coupled Carbon Cycle Climate Model Intercomparison Project model projections, Global Change Biol., 16, 641-656, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01989.x.
52. Richardson, A. D., et al. (2006), A multi-site analysis of random error in tower-based measurements of carbon and energy fluxes, Agric. For. Meteorol., 136, 1-18, doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.01.007.
53. Schimel, J. P., C. Bilbrough, and J. M. Welker (2004), Increased snow depth affects microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization in two Arctic tundra communities, Soil Biol. Biochem., 36, 217-227, doi:10.1016/j. soilbio.2003.09.008. (Pubitemid 38192742)
54. Sitch, S., A. D. Mcguire, J. Kimball, N. Gedney, J. Gamon, R. Engstrom, A. Wolf, Q. Zhuang, J. Clein, and K. C. Mcdonald (2007), Assessing the carbon balance of circumpolar arctic tundra using remote sensing and process modeling, Ecol. Appl, 17, 213-234, doi:10.1890/1051-0761 (2007) 017[0213:ATCBOC]2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 46596871)
55. Tarnocai, C., J. G. Canadell, G. Mazhitova, E. A. G. Schuur, P. Kuhry, and S. Zimov (2009), Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 23, GB2023, doi:10.1029/ 2008GB003327.
56. Waring, R. H., and S. W. Running (1998), Forest Ecosystems: Analysis at Multiple Scales, 2nd ed., Academic, San Diego, Calif.
57. Weintraub, M. N., and J. P. Schimel (2005), Nitrogen cycling and the spread of shrubs control changes in the carbon balance of Arctic tundra ecosystems, BioScience, 55, 408-415, doi:10.1641/0006-3568 (2005) 055 [0408:NCATSO]2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 40670210)
58. Welker, J. M., J. T. Fahnestock, G. H. R. Henry, K. W. O'Dea, and R. A. Chimner (2004), CO2 exchange in three Canadian High Arctic ecosystems: Response to long-term experimental warming, Global Change Biol, 10, 1981-1995, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00857.x. (Pubitemid 40014999)
59. Wesely, M. L., and R. L. Hart (1985), Variability of short term eddycorrelation estimates of mass exchange, in The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction, edited by B. A. Hutchinson and B. B. Hicks, pp. 591-612, D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
60. Zhuang, Q., J. M. Melillo, M. C. Sarofin, D. W. Kicklighter, A. D. McGuire, B. S. Felzer, A. Sokolov, R. G. Prinn, P. A. Steudler, and S. Hu (2006), CO2 and CH4 exchanges between land ecosystems and the atmosphere in northern high latitudes over the 21st century, Geophys. Res. Lett, 33, L17403, doi:10.1029/2006GL026972. (Pubitemid 44945639)