Increased snow depth affects microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization in two Arctic tundra communities

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 217-227

  Schimel, Joshua P ^a   Bilbrough, Carol ^b   Welker, Jeffery M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

^c State of Wyoming   (United States)

Author keywords

Arctic; Cold season; Dry heath tundra; N availability; Nitrification; Nitrogen mineralization; Snow; Tussock tundra; Winter

Indexed keywords

CELL IMMOBILIZATION; CLIMATE CHANGE; ECOSYSTEMS; PLANTS (BOTANY); SNOW; SOILS;

SNOW DEPTH; SOIL TEMPERATURE;

BIOCHEMISTRY;

MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; MINERALIZATION; NITROGEN; NUTRIENT CYCLING; SOIL TEMPERATURE; TUNDRA;

ARCTIC;

ARCTOSTAPHYLOS; ARCTOSTAPHYLOS UVA-URSI; DRYAS OCTOPETALA; ERIOPHORUM VAGINATUM; SPHAGNUM;

EID: 1042302243     PISSN: 00380717     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2003.09.008     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Bilbrough C.J., Welker J.M., Bowman W.D. Early spring nitrogen uptake by snow-covered plants: a comparison of arctic and alpine plant function under the snowpack. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research. 42:2000;404-411.
2. Brooks P.D., Williams M.W. Snowpack controls on nitrogen cycling and export in seasonally snow-covered catchments. Hydrological Processes. 13:1999;2177-2190.
3. Billings W.D., Peterson K.M., Shaver G.R. Growth, turnover, and respiration rates of roots and tillers in tundra graminoids. Tieszen L.T. Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra. 1978;415-434 Springer, New York.
4. Brooks P.D., Williams M.W., Schmidt S.K. Snowpack controls on soil nitrogen dynamics in the Colorado alpine. Tonnessen K., Williams M., Tranter M. Biogeochemistry of Snow-Covered Catchments. International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publication 228. 1995;283-292 IAHS Publications, Wallingford.
5. Brooks P.D., Williams M.W., Schmidt S.K. Inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass dynamics before and during snowmelt. Biogeochemistry. 43:1998;1-15.
6. Chapin F.S. III, Shaver G.R. Arctic. Chabot B.F., Mooney H.A. Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities. 1985;16-40 Chapman and Hall, New York.
7. Chapin F.S. III, Fetcher J., Kielland K., Everett A.R., Linkins A.E. Productivity and nutrient cycling of Alaskan tundra: enhancement by flowing soil water. Ecology. 69:1988;693-702.
8. Chapin F.S. III, Shaver G.R., Giblin A.E., Nadelhoffer K.J., Laundre J.A. Responses of Arctic tundra to experimental and observed changes in climate. Ecology. 76:1995;694-711.
9. Chapin F.S. III, Matson P.A., Mooney H.A. Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology. 2002;Springer, New York.
10. Clein J.S., Schimel J.P. Microbial activity of tundra and taiga soils at sub-zero temperatures. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 27:1995;1231-1234.
11. Coxson D.S., Parkinson D. Winter respiratory activity in aspen woodland forest floor litter and soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 19:1987;49-59.
12. DeLuca T.H., Keeney D.R., McCarty G.W. Effect of freeze-thaw events on mineralization of soil nitrogen. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 14:1992;116-120.
13. DiStefano J.F., Gholz H.L. A proposed use of ion exchange resins to measure nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in intact soil cores. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 17:1986;989-998.
14. Edwards A.M.C., Cresser M.S. Freezing and its effect on chemical and biological properties of soil. Stewart B.A. Advances in Soil Science. 1992;59-70 Springer, New York.
15. 2 efflux from tundra communities of Northern Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 103:1998;29023-29027.
16. 2 efflux from arctic soils: implications for annual carbon budgets. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 13:1999;775-779.
17. Fahnestock J.T., Povirk K.L., Welker J.M. Ecological significance of litter redistribution by wind and snow in arctic landscapes. Ecography. 23:2000;623-631.
18. Giblin A.E., Nadelhoffer K.J., Shaver G.R., Laundre J.A., McKerrow A.J. Biogeochemical diversity along a riverside toposequence in arctic Alaska. Ecological Monographs. 61:1991;415-435.
19. Groffman P.M., Driscoll C.T., Fahey T.J., Hardy J.P., Fitzhugh R.D., Tierney G.L. Colder soils in a warmer world: a snow manipulation study in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem. Biogeochemistry. 56:2001;135-150.
20. Grogan P., Illeris L., Michelsen A., Jonasson S. Respiration of recently fixed plant carbon dominates mid-winter ecosystem CO2 production in sub-arctic heath tundra. Climatic Change. 50:2001;129-142.
21. Hinzman L., Kane D.L., Benson C.S., Everett K.R. Energy balance and hydrological processes in an Arctic watershed. Reynolds J.F., Tenhunen J.D. Landscape Function and Disturbance in Arctic Tundra. 1996;131-154 Springer, Berlin.
22. Hobbie S.E., Chapin F.S. III. Winter regulation of tundra litter carbon and nitrogen dynamics. Biogeochemistry. 35:1996;327-338.
23. Jonasson S., Michelsen A., Schmidt I.K. Coupling of nutrient cycling and carbon dynamics in the Arctic, integration of soil microbial and plant processes. Applied Soil Ecology. 11:1999;135-146.
24. 2 efflux from arctic tundra in the Kuparuk River watershed, Alaska, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research. 31:1999;187-190.
25. Kielland, K., 1990. Processes controlling nitrogen release and turnover in arctic tundra. PhD Dissertation. University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
26. Kummerow J., Ellis B.A., Kummerow S., Chapin F.S. III. Spring growth of shoots and roots in shrubs of an Alaskan muskeg. American Journal of Botany. 70:1983;1509-1515.
27. Linkins A.E., Melillo J.M., Sinsabaugh R.L. Factors affecting cellulase activity in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Klug M.J., Reddy C.A. Current Perspectives in Microbial Ecology. 1984;572-579 American Society of Microbiology, Washington, DC.
28. Lipson D.A., Monson R.K. Plant-microbe competition for soil amino acids in the alpine tundra: effects of freeze-thaw and dry-rewet events. Oecologia. 113:1998;406-414.
29. Lipson D.A., Schmidt S.K., Monson R.K. Carbon availability and temperature control the post-snowmelt decline in alpine soil microbial biomass. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 32:2000;441-448.
30. Liston G.E., McFadden J.P., Sturm M., Pielke R.A. Sr. Modelled changes in arctic tundra snow, energy and moisture Øuxes due to increased shrubs. Global Change Biology. 8:2002;17-32.
31. Maxwell B. Arctic climate: a potential for change under global warming. Chapin F.S. III, Jefferies R.L., Reynolds J.F., Shaver G.R., Svoboda J. Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate: an Ecophysiological Perspective. 1992;11-34 Academic Press, San Diego.
32. 2 respiration at subzero temperature in soils of Arctic Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 108:(D2):2003;8164.
33. Mikan C.J., Schimel J.P., Doyle A.P. Temperature controls of microbial respiration above and below freezing in Arctic tundra soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 34:2002;1785-1795.
34. Nadelhoffer K.J., Giblin A.E., Shaver G.R., Laundre J.A. Effects of temperature and substrate quality on element mineralization in six arctic soils. Ecology. 72:1991;242-253.
35. 2 emission from arctic soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 11:1997;163-172.
36. Olsson P.Q., Sturm M., Racine C.H., Romanovsky V., Liston G.E. Five stages of the Alaskan Arctic cold season with ecosystem implications. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 2003;. (in press).
37. Rivkina E., Friedmann E.I., McKay C.P., Gilichinsky D.A. Metabolic activity of permafrost bacteria below the freezing point. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 66:2000;3230-3233.
38. Romanovsky V.E., Osterkamp T.E. Effects of unfrozen water on heat and mass transport processes in the active layer and permafrost. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes. 11:2000;219-239.
39. Rustad L.E., Campbell J., Marion G.M., Norby R.J., Mitchell M.J., Hartley A.E., Cornelissen J.H.C., Gurevitch J. A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net N mineralization and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming. Oecologia. 126:2001;543-562.
40. SAS user's guide: Statistics. 1998;SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
41. Schimel J.P., Kielland K., Chapin F.S. III. Nutrient availability and uptake by tundra plants. Reynolds J.F., Tenhunen J.D. Landscape Function and Disturbance in Arctic Tundra. 1996;203-221 Springer, Berlin.
42. Schmidt I.K., Jonasson S., Michelsen A. Mineralization and microbial immobilization of N and P in arctic soils in relation to season, temperature and nutrient amendment. Applied Soil Ecology. 11:1999;147-160.
43. Shaver G.R., Kummerow J. Phenology, resource allocation, and growth of arctic vascular plants. Chapin F.S. III, Jefferies R., Reynolds J., Shaver G., Svoboda J. Physiological Ecology of Arctic Plants: Implications for Climate Change. 1992;193-212 Academic Press, New York.
44. Shaver G.R., Billings D.W., Chapin F.S. III, Giblin A.E., Nadelhoffer K.J., Oechel W.C., Rastetter E.B. Global change and the C balance of Arctic ecosystems. BioScience. 42:1992;433-441.
45. 2O flux through a Wyoming snowpack and implications for global budgets. Nature. 361:1993;140-142.
46. Sommerfeld R.A., Massman W.J., Musselman R.C., Mosier A.R. Diffusional flux of CO2 through snow: spatial and temporal variability among alpine-subalpine sites. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 10:1996;473-482.
47. Sturm M., McFadden J.P., Liston G.E., Chapin F.S. III, Racine C.H., Holmgren J. Snow-shrub interactions in arctic tundra: a hypothesis with climatic implications. Journal of Climate. 14:2001;336-344.
48. Sullivan, P.F., Welker, J.M., Fahnestock, J.T., 2002. Growing Season Patterns in Eriophorum vaginatum L. Biomass Allocation: the Influence of Experimental Manipulation. Eos Trans. AGU, 83(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract B21B-0732.
49. Walker M.D., Walker D.A., Welker J.M., Arft A.M., Bardsley T., Brooks P.D., Fahnestock J.T., Jones M.H., Losleben M., Parsons A.N., Seastedt T.R., Turner P.L. Long-term experimental manipulation of winter snow regime and summer temperature in arctic and alpine tundra. Hydrological Processes. 13:1999;2315-2330.
50. Weintraub M.N., Schimel J.P. Interactions between carbon and nitrogen mineralization and soil organic matter chemistry in Arctic tundra soils. Ecosystems. 6:2003;129-143.
51. Welker J.M., Molau U., Parsons A.N., Robinson C.H., Wookey P.A. Responses of Dryas octopetala to ITEX environmental manipulations: a synthesis with circumpolar comparisons. Global Change Biology. 3:(Suppl. 1):1997;61-73.
52. 2 flux in dry and moist arctic tundra: field responses to increases in summer temperatures and winter snow depth. Climatic Change. 44:2000;139-150.
53. Williams M.W., Brooks P.D., Mosier A.R., Tonnessen K.A. Mineral N transformations in and under seasonal snow in a high-elevation catchment, Rocky Mountains, USA. Water Resources Research. 32:1996;3175-3185.
54. 2. Climatic Change. 33:1996;111-120.