Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover variability and change over 1922-2010 including an assessment of uncertainty

Cryosphere

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 219-229

  Brown, R D ^a   Robinson, D A ^b  

^a ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^b RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; DATA SET; NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SNOW COVER; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; SPRING (SEASON); UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

EUROPE; RUSSIAN FEDERATION; SCANDINAVIA;

EID: 79952789669     PISSN: 19940416     EISSN: 19940424     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/tc-5-219-2011     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Armstrong, R. L. and Brodzik, M. J.: Recent Northern Hemisphere snow extent: a comparison of data derived from visible and microwave sensors, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3673-3676, 2001. (Pubitemid 32997229)
2. Arndt, D. S., Baringer, M. O., and Johnson, M. R.: State of the Climate in 2009, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 91, S1-S222, doi:10.1175/BAMS-91-7- StateoftheClimate, 2010.
3. Aziz, O. I. A. and Burn, D. H.: Trends and variability in the hydrological regime of the Mackenzie River Basin, J. Hydrol., 319, 282-294, doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.06.039, 2006. (Pubitemid 43199903)
4. Barnston, A. G. and Livezey, R. E.: Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 1083-1126, 1987.
5. Bednorz, E.: Snow cover in Eastern Europe in relation to temperature, precipitation and circulation, Intl. J. Climatol., 24, 591-601, 2004. (Pubitemid 38531808)
6. Brasnett, B.: A global analysis of snow depth for numerical weather prediction, J. Appl. Meteorol., 38, 726-740, 1999.
7. Brohan, P., Kennedy, J. J., Harris, I., Tett, S. F. B., and Jones, P. D.: Uncertainty estimates in regional and global observed temperature changes: a new dataset from 1850, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D12106, doi:10.1029/2005JD006548, 2006. (Pubitemid 44687620)
8. Brown, R. D. and Braaten, R. O.: Spatial and temporal variability of Canadian monthly snow depths, 1946-1995, Atmos.-Ocean, 36, 37-45, 1998.
9. Brown, R. D.: Northern Hemisphere snow cover variability and change, 1915-1997, J. Climate, 13, 2339-2355, 2000.
10. Brown, R. D., Brasnett, B., and Robinson, D.: Gridded North American monthly snow depth and snow water equivalent for GCM evaluation, Atmos.-Ocean, 41, 1-14, 2003. (Pubitemid 36745915)
11. Brown, R. D. and Frei, A.: Comment on "Evaluation of surface albedo and snow cover in AR4 coupled models" by Roesch, A., J. Geophys. Res., 112, D22102, doi:10.1029/2006JD008339, 2007.
12. Brown, R., Derksen, C., and Wang, L.: A multi-data set analysis of variability and change in Arctic spring snow cover extent, 1967-2008, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D16111, doi:10.1029/2010JD013975, 2010.
13. Bulygina, O. N., Razuvaev, V. N., and Korshunova, N. N.: Changes in snow cover over Northern Eurasia in the last few decades, Environ. Res. Lett., 4, 045026, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/045026, 2009.
14. Clark, M. P, Serreze, M. C., and Robinson, D. A.: Atmospheric controls on Eurasian snow cover extent, Intl. J. Climatol., 19, 27-40, 1999. (Pubitemid 29176212)
15. Fernandes, R., Zhao, H., Wang, X., Key, J., Qu, X., and Hall, A.: Controls on Northern Hemisphere snow albedo feedback quantified using satellite Earth observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L21702, doi:10.1029/2009GL040057, 2009.
16. Flanner, M. G., Shell, K. M., Barlage, M., Perovich, D. K., and Tschudi, M. A.: Radiative forcing and albedo feedback from the Northern Hemisphere cryosphere between 1979 and 2008, Nat. Geosci., 4, 151-155, doi:10.1038/ ngeo1062, 2011.
17. Foster, J., Liston, G., Koster, R., Essery, R., Behr, H., Dumenil, L., Verseghy, D., Thompson, S., Pollard, D., and Cohen, J.: Snow cover and snow mass intercomparisons of general circulation models and remotely sensed datasets, J. Climate, 9, 409-426, 1996.
18. Frei, A. and Robinson, D. A.: Northern Hemisphere snow extent: regional variability 1972-1994, Intl. J. Climatol., 19, 1535-1560, 1999. (Pubitemid 30061992)
19. Frei, A., Hughes M. G., and Robinson, D. A.: North American snow extent: 1910-1994, Intl. J. Climatol., 19, 1517-1534, 1999. (Pubitemid 30061991)
20. Frei, A., Brown, R., Miller, J. A., and Robinson, D. A.: Snow mass over North America: observations and results from the second phase of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP-2), J. Hydrometeorol., 6, 681-695, 2005. (Pubitemid 41685197)
21. Gutzler, D. S. and Rosen, R. D.: Interannual variability of wintertime snow cover across the Northern Hemisphere, J. Climate, 5, 441-1447, 1992.
22. Hall, A. and Qu, X.: Using the current seasonal cycle to constrain snow albedo feedback in future climate change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L03502, doi:10.1029/2005GL025127, 2006.
23. Helfrich, S. R., McNamara, D., Ramsay, B. H., Baldwin, T., and Kasheta, T.: Enhancements to, and forthcoming developments in the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS), Hydrol. Proc., 21, 1576-1586, 2007. (Pubitemid 46916514)
24. Henderson, G. and Leathers, D.: European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings, Intl. J. Climatol., 30, 1440-1451. doi:10.1002/joc.1990, 2010.
25. Kalnay, E., Kanamitsu, M., Kistler, R., Collins, W., Deaven, D., Gandin, L., Iredell, M., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Zhu, Y., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Higgins, W., Janowiak, J., Mo, K. C., Ropelewski, C., Wang, J., Leetmaa, A., Reynolds, R., Jenne, R., and Joseph, D.: The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project, Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 77, 437-471, 1996.
26. Kitaev, L., Førland, E., Razuvaev, V., Tveito, O. E., and Krueger, O.: Distribution of snow cover over Northern Eurasia, Nord. Hydrol., 36, 311-319, 2005. (Pubitemid 41786693)
27. Lemke, P., Ren, J., Alley, R. B., Allison, I., Carrasco, J., Flato, G., Fujii, Y., Kaser, G., Mote, P., Thomas R. H., and Zhang, T.: Observations: Changes in Snow, Ice and Frozen Ground, in: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
28. McCabe, G. J. and Wolock, D. M.: Long-term variability in Northern Hemisphere snow cover and association with warmer winters, Climatic Change, 99, 141-153, 2010.
29. Overland, J. E., Adams, J. M., and Bond, N. A.: Decadal variability of the Aleutian Low and its relation to high-latitude circulation, J. Climate, 12, 1542-1548, 1999. (Pubitemid 29432762)
30. Ramsay, B.: The interactive multisensor snow and ice mapping system, Hydrol. Proc., 12, 1537-1546, 1998.
31. Robinson, D. A., Dewey, K. F., and Heim, R. R.: Global snow cover monitoring: an update, Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 74, 1689-1696, 1993. (Pubitemid 24400046)
32. Roesch, A.: Evaluation of surface albedo and snow cover in AR4 coupled climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D15111, doi:10.1029/2005JD006473, 2006. (Pubitemid 46028987)
33. Savoie, M. H., Armstrong, R. L., Brodzik, M. J., and Wang, J. R.: Atmospheric corrections for improved passive microwave snow cover retrievals over the Tibet Plateau, Rem. Sens. Environ., 113, 2661-2669, 2009.
34. Shmakin A. B.: Climatic characteristics of snow cover over North Eurasia and their change during the last decades, Ice and Snow, 1, 43-57, 2010 (in Russian with English summary).
35. Stewart, I. T., Cayan, D. R., and Dettinger, M. D.: Changes toward earlier streamflow timing across western North America, J. Climate, 18, 1136-1155, 2005. (Pubitemid 40717073)
36. Tan, A., Adam, J. C., and Lettenmaier, D. P.: Change in spring snowmelt timing in Eurasian Arctic Rivers, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D03101, doi:10.1029/2010JD014337, 2011.
37. Trenberth, K. E., Jones, P. D., Ambenje, P., Bojariu, R., Easterling, D., Tank, A. K., Parker, D., Rahimzadeh, F., Renwick, J. A., Rusticucci, M., Soden, B., and Zhai, P.: Observations: Surface and Atmospheric Climate Change, in: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon S, Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
38. Uppala, S. M., Kållberg, P. W., Simmons, A. J., Andrae, U., da Costa Bechtold, V., Fiorino, M., Gibson, J. K., Haseler, J., Hernandez, A., Kelly, G. A., Li, X., Onogi, K., Saarinen, S., Sokka, N., Allan, R. P., Andersson, E., Arpe, K., Balmaseda, M. A., Beljaars, A. C. M., van de Berg, L., Bidlot, J., Bormann, N., Caires, S., Chevallier, F., Dethof, A., Dragosavac, M., Fisher, M., Fuentes, M., Hagemann, S., Hólm, E., 'saksen, L., Janssen, P. A. E. M., Jenne, R., McNally, A. P., Mahfouf, J.-F., Morcrette, J.-J., Rayner, N. A., Saunders, R. W., Simon, P., Sterl, A., Trenberth, K. E., Untch, A., Vasiljevic, D., Viterbo, P., and Woollen, J.: The ERA-40 re-analysis, Quart. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 2961-3012, doi:10.1256/qj.04.176, 2005. (Pubitemid 43186171)
39. Watanabe, M. and Nitta, T.: Decadal changes in the atmospheric circulation and associated surface climate variations in the northern hemisphere winter, J. Climate, 12, 494-510, 1999. (Pubitemid 29347980)
40. Yang, D., Kane, D. L., Hinzman, L. D., Zhang, X., Zhang, T., Ye, H., and Yang, D.: Siberian Lena River hydrologic regime and recent change, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4694, doi:10.1029/2002JD002542, 2002. (Pubitemid 43197260)