Diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome is associated with disproportionately high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in non-hispanic black adolescents: An analysis of NHANES 1999-2008

Diabetes Care

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 734-740

  Deboer, Mark D ^a   Gurka, Matthew J ^b   Sumner, Anne E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^b WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; HIGH SENSITIVITY C REACTIVE PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CAUCASIAN; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; FEMALE; HISPANIC; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NEGRO; SCHOOL CHILD;

ADOLESCENT; AFRICAN AMERICANS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHILD; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X;

EID: 79952715699     PISSN: 01495992     EISSN: 19355548     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2337/dc10-1877     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Ford ES, Li C, Cook S, Choi HK. Serum concentrations of uric acid and the metabolic syndrome among US children and adolescents. Circulation 2007;115:2526-2532 (Pubitemid 46763226)
2. de Ferranti S, Mozaffarian D. The perfect storm: obesity, adipocyte dysfunction, and metabolic consequences. Clin Chem 2008;54:945-955 (Pubitemid 351793400)
3. Dekker JM, Girman C, Rhodes T, et al. Metabolic syndrome and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in the Hoorn Study. Circulation 2005;112:666-673 (Pubitemid 41099045)
4. Morrison JA, Friedman LA, Wang P, Glueck CJ. Metabolic syndrome in childhood predicts adult metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus 25 to 30 years later. J Pediatr 2008;152:201-206
5. Park YW, Zhu S, Palaniappan L, Heshka S, Carnethon MR, Heymsfield SB. The metabolic syndrome: prevalence and associated risk factor findings in the US population from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:427-436
6. Walker SE, Gurka MJ, Oliver MN, Johns DW, DeBoer MD. Racial/ethnic discrepancies in the metabolic syndrome begin in childhood and persist after adjustment for environmental factors. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 11 August 2010 [Epub ahead of print]
7. Sumner AE, Cowie CC. Ethnic differences in the ability of triglyceride levels to identify insulin resistance. Atherosclerosis 2008;196:696-703
8. Gower BA, Nagy TR,Goran MI. Visceral fat, insulin sensitivity, and lipids in prepubertal children. Diabetes 1999;48:1515-1521 (Pubitemid 29356857)
9. Lee S, Bacha F, Gungor N, Arslanian SA. Racial differences in adiponectin in youth: relationship to visceral fat and insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care 2006;29:51-56 (Pubitemid 44033430)
10. Writing Group for the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group, Dabelea D, Bell RA, D'Agostino RB Jr, et al. Incidence of diabetes in youth in the United States. JAMA 2007;297:2716-2724
11. Mensah GA, Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Greenlund KJ, Croft JB. State of disparities in cardiovascular health in the United States. Circulation 2005;111:1233-1241 (Pubitemid 40389086)
12. Pradhan AD, Manson JE, Rifai N, Buring JE, Ridker PM. C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA 2001;286:327-334 (Pubitemid 32656163)
13. Albert MA, Ridker PM. C-reactive protein as a risk predictor: do race/ethnicity and gender make a difference? Circulation 2006;114:e67-e74
14. Juonala M, Viikari JS, Rönnemaa T, Taittonen L, Marniemi J, Raitakari OT. Childhood C-reactive protein in predicting CRP and carotid intima-media thickness in adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006;26:1883-1888 (Pubitemid 44305345)
15. Whincup PH, Gilg JA, Donald AE, et al. Arterial distensibility in adolescents: the influence of adiposity, the metabolic syndrome, and classic risk factors. Circulation 2005;112:1789-1797 (Pubitemid 41368155)
16. Fernández JR, Redden DT, Pietrobelli A, Allison DB. Waist circumference percentiles in nationally representative samples of African-American, European-American, and Mexican-American children and adolescents. J Pediatr 2004;145:439-444 (Pubitemid 39345977)
17. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2004;114(Suppl. 2):555-576
18. Ford ES, Giles WH, Myers GL, Rifai N, Ridker PM, Mannino DM. C-reactive protein concentration distribution among US children and young adults: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000. Clin Chem 2003;49:1353-1357
19. Kelley-Hedgepeth A, Lloyd-Jones DM, ColvinA, et al.; SWAN Investigators. Ethnic differences in C-reactive protein concentrations. Clin Chem 2008;54:1027-1037
20. Das I. Raised C-reactive protein levels in serum from smokers. Clin Chim Acta 1985;153:9-13 (Pubitemid 16200071)
21. Malcon MC, Menezes AM, Assunção MC, Neutzling MB, Hallal PC. Agreement between self-reported smoking and cotinine concentration in adolescents: a validation study in Brazil. J Adolesc Health 2008;43:226-230
22. SRNT Subcommittee on Biochemical Verification. Biochemical verification of tobacco use and cessation. Nicotine Tob Res 2002;4:149-159
23. Kahn R, Buse J, Ferrannini E, Stern M; American Diabetes Association; European Association for the Study of Diabetes. The metabolic syndrome: time for a critical appraisal: joint statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005;28:2289-2304 (Pubitemid 41242486)
24. Hill JO, Sidney S, Lewis CE, Tolan K, Scherzinger AL, Stamm ER. Racial differences in amounts of visceral adipose tissue in young adults: the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:381-387 (Pubitemid 29104556)
25. Wee CC, Mukamal KJ, Huang A, Davis RB, McCarthy EP, Mittleman MA. Obesity and C-reactive protein levels among white, black, and hispanic US adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008;16:875-880 (Pubitemid 351465646)