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79952362128
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2O fractions (Fr. 1; 4.52 kg), 30% MeOH fractions (Fr. 2; 432 g), 50% MeOH fractions (Fr. 3; 215 g), 80% MeOH fractions (Fr. 4; 76.7 g) and 100% MeOH fractions (Fr. 5; 2.4 g), in the order of elution
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2O fractions (Fr. 1; 4.52 kg), 30% MeOH fractions (Fr. 2; 432 g), 50% MeOH fractions (Fr. 3; 215 g), 80% MeOH fractions (Fr. 4; 76.7 g) and 100% MeOH fractions (Fr. 5; 2.4 g), in the order of elution.
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17
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79952362962
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Female ICR mice (4 weeks old; 23-28 g) purchased from SLC, Inc. (Shizuoka, Japan) were maintained at a temperature of 23-26 °C, relative humidity of 40-60%, and a 12-h light-dark cycle (lights on at 8 AM and off at 8 PM) for 1 week after arrival. Mice were divided into groups (n = 8) based on body weight. The experimental diet consisted of 40% beef tallow, 36% casein, 9% granulated sugar, 4% mineral mixture, 1% vitamin mixture, 10% cornstarch, and test materials (beef tallow, casein, granulated sugar, mineral mixture, vitamin mixture, cornstarch; Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). The high-fat diet (HFD) group received feed in which one of the test materials was replaced by 10% casein
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Female ICR mice (4 weeks old; 23-28 g) purchased from SLC, Inc. (Shizuoka, Japan) were maintained at a temperature of 23-26 °C, relative humidity of 40-60%, and a 12-h light-dark cycle (lights on at 8 AM and off at 8 PM) for 1 week after arrival. Mice were divided into groups (n = 8) based on body weight. The experimental diet consisted of 40% beef tallow, 36% casein, 9% granulated sugar, 4% mineral mixture, 1% vitamin mixture, 10% cornstarch, and test materials (beef tallow, casein, granulated sugar, mineral mixture, vitamin mixture, cornstarch; Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). The high-fat diet (HFD) group received feed in which one of the test materials was replaced by 10% casein.
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18
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79952360659
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For determination of the major components (geniposidic acid, asperuloside and chlorogenic acid) in the samples, an HPLC system comprised of a YMC-Pack ODS column (YMC Co., Ltd, Kyoto, Japan; 6.0 × 150 mm, 5 μm), LC-10AT pumps, and a SPD-10A UV detector (Shimazu Co., Ltd, Kyoto, Japan) was assembled. The mobile phase was methanol/water/phosphoric acid (870:130:1, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 215 nm
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For determination of the major components (geniposidic acid, asperuloside and chlorogenic acid) in the samples, an HPLC system comprised of a YMC-Pack ODS column (YMC Co., Ltd, Kyoto, Japan; 6.0 × 150 mm, 5 μm), LC-10AT pumps, and a SPD-10A UV detector (Shimazu Co., Ltd, Kyoto, Japan) was assembled. The mobile phase was methanol/water/phosphoric acid (870:130:1, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 215 nm.
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79952362294
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Test materials were prepared by adding 10% EGLP, 7.97% Fr. 1, 0.76% Fr. 2, 0.38% Fr. 3, 0.14% Fr. 4 and 0.004% Fr. 5
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Test materials were prepared by adding 10% EGLP, 7.97% Fr. 1, 0.76% Fr. 2, 0.38% Fr. 3, 0.14% Fr. 4 and 0.004% Fr. 5.
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79952363826
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note
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After 4 weeks of administration, body weight was measured and mice were sacrificed by decapitation without loading stress. Blood was collected immediately after the animals had been sacrificed by decapitation. The blood was centrifuged (3000 rpm, 30 min), and the separated plasma was stored at -80 °C until measurement. The levels of plasma TG and plasma total cholesterol were measured using commercially available enzyme kits (triglyceride: E-Test Wako, cholesterol: E-Test Wako; Wako Pure Chemicals Industries, Ltd, Osaka, Japan). Levels of FFA were measured using commercially available enzyme kits (FFA kit: Wako Pure Chemicals Industries, Ltd, Osaka, Japan). White adipose tissues (WAT) (abdominal visceral fat) were immediately removed. All procedures were carried out in accordance with the Guidelines for Animal Experiments at Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, R & D Center, the Japanese Government Animal Protection and Management Law (No. 105), and the Japanese Government Notification on Feeding and Safekeeping of Animals (No. 6).
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79952364258
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note
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Differences between groups were assessed with the unpaired Tukey t-test using a statistical package from the spss13.0 program. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05.
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79952363986
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T. Yamauchi, J. Kamon, H. Waki, K. Murakami, K. Motojima, K. Komeda, T. Ide, N. Kubota, Y. Terauchi, K. Tobe, H. Miki, A. Tsuchida, Y. Akanuma, R. Nagai, S. Kimura, and T. Kadowaki J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 1796
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J. Biol. Chem.
, vol.276
, pp. 1796
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Yamauchi, T.1
Kamon, J.2
Waki, H.3
Murakami, K.4
Motojima, K.5
Komeda, K.6
Ide, T.7
Kubota, N.8
Terauchi, Y.9
Tobe, K.10
Miki, H.11
Tsuchida, A.12
Akanuma, Y.13
Nagai, R.14
Kimura, S.15
Kadowaki, T.16
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23
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17944365228
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T. Yamauchi, J. Kamon, H. Waki, Y. Terauchi, N. Kubota, K. Hara, Y. Mori, T. Ide, K. Murakami, N. Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, O. Ezaki, Y. Akanuma, O. Gavrilova, C. Vinson, M.L. Reitman, H. Kagechika, K. Shudo, M. Yoda, Y. Nakano, K. Tobe, R. Nagai, S. Kimura, M. Tomita, P. Froguel, and T. Kadowaki Nat. Med. 7 2001 941
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Nat. Med.
, vol.7
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Yamauchi, T.1
Kamon, J.2
Waki, H.3
Terauchi, Y.4
Kubota, N.5
Hara, K.6
Mori, Y.7
Ide, T.8
Murakami, K.9
Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, N.10
Ezaki, O.11
Akanuma, Y.12
Gavrilova, O.13
Vinson, C.14
Reitman, M.L.15
Kagechika, H.16
Shudo, K.17
Yoda, M.18
Nakano, Y.19
Tobe, K.20
Nagai, R.21
Kimura, S.22
Tomita, M.23
Froguel, P.24
Kadowaki, T.25
more..
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24
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0036851817
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T. Yamauchi, J. Kamon, Y. Minokoshi, Y. Ito, H. Waki, S. Uchida, S. Yamashita, M. Noda, S. Kita, K. Ueki, K. Eto, Y. Akanuma, P. Froguel, F. Foufelle, P. Ferre, D. Carling, S. Kimura, R. Nagai, B.B. Kahn, and T. Kadowaki Nat. Med. 8 2002 1288
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(2002)
Nat. Med.
, vol.8
, pp. 1288
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Yamauchi, T.1
Kamon, J.2
Minokoshi, Y.3
Ito, Y.4
Waki, H.5
Uchida, S.6
Yamashita, S.7
Noda, M.8
Kita, S.9
Ueki, K.10
Eto, K.11
Akanuma, Y.12
Froguel, P.13
Foufelle, F.14
Ferre, P.15
Carling, D.16
Kimura, S.17
Nagai, R.18
Kahn, B.B.19
Kadowaki, T.20
more..
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25
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79952364090
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2O-MeOH (1:1-6:1) and then purified by Daisogel SP-120-40/60-ODS-B (100 × 1000 mm) eluted with 80% MeOH, vacuum-dried and freeze-dried, and washed with acetone to furnish asperuloside (31.3 g, purity 99.5%). Geniposidic acid and asperuloside were extracted and isolated from EGLP
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2O-MeOH (1:1-6:1) and then purified by Daisogel SP-120-40/60-ODS-B (100 × 1000 mm) eluted with 80% MeOH, vacuum-dried and freeze-dried, and washed with acetone to furnish asperuloside (31.3 g, purity 99.5%). Geniposidic acid and asperuloside were extracted and isolated from EGLP.
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26
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79952364506
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Test materials were prepared by adding 0.63% geniposidic acid, 0.45% asperuloside, and 0.44% chlorogenic acid
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Test materials were prepared by adding 0.63% geniposidic acid, 0.45% asperuloside, and 0.44% chlorogenic acid.
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76749122292
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A.S. Cho, S.M. Jeon, M.J. Kim, J. Yeo, K.I. Seo, M.S. Choi, and M.K. Lee Food Chem. Toxicol. 48 2010 937
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Food Chem. Toxicol.
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Cho, A.S.1
Jeon, S.M.2
Kim, M.J.3
Yeo, J.4
Seo, K.I.5
Choi, M.S.6
Lee, M.K.7
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