Electrochemical microfluidics

Chemical Engineering Science

Volumn 66, Issue 7, 2011, Pages 1412-1425

  Zimmerman, William B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Electrochemistry; Electrokinetic phenomena; Electrophoresis; Inverse methods; Microfluidics; Multiphysics modelling; Plasma microreactors

Indexed keywords

ELECTROCHEMICAL EFFECTS; ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROREACTORS; ELECTROKINETIC FLOWS; ELECTROKINETIC PHENOMENA; ELECTROPHORETIC EFFECTS; INVERSE METHODS; MICRO-FLUIDIC DEVICES; MICRO-SCALES; MICROFLUIDIC CONTROL; MOLECULAR SCALE MANIPULATION; MULTI-PHYSICS; NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGIES;

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL REACTORS; ELECTRODYNAMICS; ELECTROPHORESIS; FLUIDIC DEVICES; INVERSE PROBLEMS; NANOSCIENCE;

MICROFLUIDICS;

EID: 79952313706     PISSN: 00092509     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2010.03.057     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Bailey J.E. Periodic operation of chemical reactors: a review. Chem. Eng. Commun. 1973, 1:111.
2. Baldock S.J., Fielden P.R., Goddard N.J., Kretschmer H.R., Prest J.E., Treves Brown B.J. A versatile sample injection system for miniaturised isotachophoresis devices. Microelectron. Eng. 2008, 85(5-6):1440-1442.
3. Barrat J.-L., Bocquet L. Large slip effect at a nonwetting fluid-solid interface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1999, 82:4671.
4. Bazant M.Z., Squires T.M. Induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena: theory and microfluidic applications. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 92(6):066101.
5. Beard N.P., Zhang C.-X., deMello A.J. In-column field-amplified sample stacking of biogenic amines on microfabricated electrophoresis devices. Electrophoresis 2003, 24:732-739.
6. Beltran F.J. Ozone Reaction Kinetics for Water and Wastewater Systems 2003, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fl.
7. Berthier J., Silberzan P. Microfluidics for Biotechnology 2005, Artech House, Norwood, MA.
8. Blanco-Gomez G., Glidle A., Flendrig L., Cooper J.M. Integration of low-power microfluidic pumps with biosensors within a lab-on-a-chip device. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81:1365-1370.
9. Bown M.R., MacInnes J.M., Allen R.W.K., Zimmerman W.B.J. Three-dimensional, three-component velocity measurements using stereoscopic micro-PIV and PTV. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2006, 17:2175-2185.
10. Bratten C.D.T., Cobbold P.H., Cooper J.M. Single cell measurements of purine release using a micromachined electroanalytical sensor. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70:1164-1170.
11. Cai X., Glidle A., Klauke N., Smith G., Cobbold P., Cooper J.M. Picolitre scale single cell lactate measurements. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74:908-914.
12. Caliper Life Sciences, http://caliperls.com/products/labchip-systems/.
13. Chang H.-C. Nanobead electrokinetics: the enabling microfluidic platform for multi-target pathogen detection. A.I.Ch.E. J. 2007, 53:2486.
14. Chang H.-C., Yeo L. Electokinetically Driven Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 2009, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
15. Chang H.-C., Yossifon G. Understanding electrokinetics at the nanoscale-a perspective. Biomicrofluidics 2009, 3:012001.
16. Chansin G.A.T., Mulero R., Hong J., Kim M.J., deMello A.J., Edel J.B. Single-molecule spectroscopy using nanoporous membranes. Nanoletters 2007, 7(9):2901-2906.
17. Cheng, J., Sharp, K., Mench, M.M., 2006a. Modeling electrodeposition of charged nanoparticles onto fuel cell coolant flow channel walls. In: Proceedings of the COMSOL Multiphysics User's Conference, Boston.
18. Cheng W., Klauke N., Sedgwick H., Smith G.L., Cooper J.M. Metabolic monitoring of the electrically stimulated single heart cell within a microfluidic platform. Lab Chip 2006, 6:1424-1431.
19. Cooper, J.M., Jung, S.-K., 2002. Single cell electrochemistry. In: Bard, A.J., Strattmann, M., Wilson, G.S. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry, Volume 9-Bioelectrochemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp. 31-49.
20. Craven T.J., Rees J.M., Zimmerman W.B. On slip flow velocity boundary conditions for electroosmotic flow near sharp corners. Phys. Fluids 2008, 20:043603. (co-Published in the American Institute of Physics Virtual Journal of Nanoscience, 5 May 2008).
21. Das, V., Brown, D.H., Styring, P., Allen, R.W.K., 2003. Electromechanical behavior of smectic liquid crystal elastomers. In: Bar-Cohen, Y. (Ed.), Smart Structures and Materials: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices, Proc. SPIE, vol. 5051, pp. 458-463.
22. Davison, S.M., Sharp, K.V., 2006. Implementation of ALE moving mesh for transient modeling of nanowire trajectories caused by electrokinetic forces. In: Proceedings of the COMSOL Multiphysics User's Conference, Boston.
23. DeLucas L.J., Bray T.L., Nagy L., McCombs D., Chernov N., Hamrick D., Cosenza L., Belgovskiy A., Stoops B., Chait A. Efficient protein crystallization. J. Struct. Biol. 2003, 142(1):188-206.
24. de Mello A.J., Habgood M., Lancaster N.L., Welton T., Wootton R.C. Precise temperature control in microfluidic devices using Joule heating of ionic liquids. Lab Chip 2004, 4(5):417-419.
25. Dou Y., Haswell S., Greenman J., Wadhawan J. Immobilized anthraquinone for redox mediation of horseradish peroxidase for hydrogen peroxide sensing. Electrochem. Commun. 2009, 11:1976-1981.
26. Dhayal M., Jeong H.G., Choi J.S. Use of plasma polymerisation process for fabrication of bio-MEMS for micro-fluidic devices. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2005, 2525(5):1710-1715.
27. Eijkel J.C.T., Stori H., Manz A. A DC microplasma on a chip employed as an optical emission detector for gas chromatography. Anal. Chem. 2000, 72:2547-2552.
28. Ermakov S.V., Jacobson S.C., Ramsey J.M. Computer simulations of electrokinetic transport in microfabricated channel structures. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70:4494.
29. Feldman H.C., Sigurdson M., Meinhart C.D. AC electrothermal enhancement of heterogeneous assays in microfluidics. Lab Chip 2007, 7(11):1553-1559.
30. García-Sanchez P., Ramos A., Green N.G., Morgan H. Travelling wave electrokinetic pumps: velocity, electrical current and impedance measurements. Langmuir 2008, 24(17):9361-9369.
31. García-Sanchez P., Ramos A., Green N.G., Morgan H. Flow reversal in traveling-wave electrokinetics: an analysis of forces due to ionic concentration gradients. Langmuir 2009, 25:4988-4997.
32. Green N.G., Ramos A., Gonzalez A., Morgan H., Castellanos A. Fluid flow induced by nonuniform AC electric fields in electrolytes on microelectrodes. I. Experimental measurements. Phys. Rev. E 2000, 61(4):4011-4018.
33. Green N.G., Ramos A., Gonzalez A., Morgan H., Castellanos A. Fluid flow induced by non-uniform AC electric fields in electrolytes on microelectrodes III: observation of streamlines and numerical simulation. Phys. Rev. E. 2002, 66:026305-1.
34. Gonzalez A., Ramos A., Morgan H., Green N.G., Castellanos A. Electrothermal flows generated by alternating and rotating electric fields in microsystems. J. Fluid Mech. 2006, 564:415-433.
35. He P., Watts P., Marken F., Haswell S.J. Electrolyte free electro-organic synthesis: the cathodic dimerisation of 4-nitrobenzylbromide in a micro-gap flow cell. Electrochem. Commun. 2005, 7(9):9918-9924.
36. He P., Marken F., Haswell S.J., Watts P. Self-supported and clean one-step cathodic coupling of activated olefins with benzylbromide derivatives in a micro flow reactor. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2006, 45:4146-4149.
37. He P., Watts P., Marken F., Haswell S.J. Electrosynthesis of phenyl-2-propanone derivatives from benzyl bromides and acetic anhydride in an unsupported micro-flow cell electrolysis process. Green Chem. 2007, 9:20-22.
38. He P., Watts P., Marken F., Haswell S.J. Scaling out of electrolyte free electrosynthesis in a micro-gap flow cell. Lab Chip 2007, 7:141-143.
39. He, P., Davies, J., Greenway, G., Haswell, S.J., 2010. Measurement of acetylcholinesterase inhibition using bienzymes immobilized monolith micro-reactor with integrated electrochemical detection. Anal. chim. Acta 659 (1-2), 9-14.
40. Horiuchi K., Dutta P. Joule heating effects in electroosmotically driven microchannel flows. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2004, 47:3085.
41. Jeon, J.W., Park, C.K., An, S., Namo, J.-D., Choi, H., Kim, H.M., Bae, S.S., Tak, Y.S., 2001. Electrostrictive polymer actuators and their control systems. In: Bar-Cohen, Y. (Ed.), Smart Structures and Materials: Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices, Proc. SPIE, vol. 4329, pp. 380-388.
42. Johannessen E.A., Tang T.B., Wang L., Astaras A., Beaumont S., Murray A.F., Cumming D., Cooper J.M. Implementation of multichannel sensors for remote biomedical measurements in a microsystems format. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 2004, 51:525-535.
43. Johannessen E.A., Wang L., Wyse C., Cumming D.R.S., Cooper J.M. Biocompatibility of a lab-on-a-pill sensor in artificial gastro-intestinal environments. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 2006, 53:2333-2340.
44. Johannessen E.A., Wang L., Reid S.W.J., Cumming D.R.S., Cooper J.M. Implementation of radiotelemetry in a lab-in-a-pill format. Lab Chip 2006, 6:39-45.
45. Joly L., Ybert C., Trizac E., Bocquet L. Hydrodynamics within the electric double layer on slipping surfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 93:257805.
46. Lee E.S., Robinson D., Rognlien J.L., Harnett C.K., Simmons B.A., Bowe Ellis C.R., Davalos R.V. Microfluidic electroporation of robust 10-m vesicles for manipulation of picoliter volumes. Bioelectrochemistry 2006, 69(1):117-125.
47. Li P.C.H. Microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Discovery 2005, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
48. Lieberman M.A., Lichtenberg A.J. Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing 2005, John Wiley and Sons, New York. second ed.
49. Lin Y.C., Li M., Wu C.C. Simulation and experimental demonstration of the electric field assisted electroporation microchip for in vitro gene delivery enhancement. Lab Chip 2004, 4:104-108.
50. Lozano-Parada, J.H., Zimmerman, W.B., 2009. The role of kinetics in the design of plasma microreactors. Chem. Eng. Sci., submitted, doi:10.1016/j.ces.2010.03.056.
51. MacInnes J.M., Du X., Allen R.W.K. Prediction of electrokinetic and pressure flow in a microchannel T-junction. Phys. Fluids 2003, 15:1992.
52. MacInnes J.M., Du X., Allen R.W.K. Dynamics of electroosmotic switching of reacting microfluidic flows. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2003, 81:A7773.
53. Manz A., Graber N., Widmer H.M. Miniaturized total chemical analysis systems: a novel concept for chemical sensin. Sens. Actuators B 1990, 1:244-248.
54. Narovlyansky, M., Squires, T.M., Whitesides, G.M., 2005. Zone sculpting using partitioned electrokinetic injections. In: Proceedings of the COMSOL Multiphysics User's Conference, Boston.
55. Obuoforibo, N., 2008. Microfluidic plasma device for hydrogen synthesis. M.Sc. in Environmental and Energy Engineering Dissertation, University of Sheffield, supervisors W.B. Zimmerman and J.H. Lozano-Parada.
56. Ohshima H. Sedimentation potential in a concentrated suspension of spherical colloidal particles. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1998, 208(1):295-301.
57. Paddon C.A., Atobe M., Fuchigami T., He P., Watts P., Haswel S.J., Pritchard G.J., Bull S.D., Marken F. Towards paired and coupled electrode reactions for clean organic microreactor electrosyntheses. J. Appl. Electrochem. 2006, 10.1007/s10800-006-9122-2.
58. Patankar N.A., Hu H.H. Numerical simulation of electroosmotic flow. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70:1870.
59. Prest J.E., Fielden P.R., Goddard N.J., Treves Brown B.J. Brown isotachophoretic analysis using injection-moulded polystyrene chip devices. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2008, 19:065801. 10.1088/0957-0233/19/6/065801.
60. Probsten R.F. Physicochemical Hydrodynamics: An Introduction 1994, Wiley-Interscience, New York. second ed.
61. Ramírez, J.I., Tonner, F., Bindel, A., 2008. Fluidic oscillations as energy source for flow sensors. In: Proceedings of PowerMEMS 2008+ microEMS 2008, Sendai, Japan, November 9-12, 2008.
62. Ramos A., Morgan H., Green N.G., Castellanos A. AC electrokinetics: a review of forces in microelectrode structures. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 1998, 31:2338-2353.
63. Ramos A., Morgan H., Green N.G., Castellanos A. AC electric-field-induced fluid flow in microelectrodes. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1999, 217:420-422.
64. Russel W.B., Saville D.A., Schowalter W.R. Colloidal Dispersions 1989, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, (Chapter 7).
65. Salim M., Mishra G., Fowler G.J.S., O'Sullivan B., Wright P.C., McArthur S.L. Non-fouling microfluidic chip produced by radio frequency tetraglyme plasma deposition. Lab Chip 2007, 7:523-525.
66. Sandison M., Cooper J.M. Nanofabrication of electrode arrays by electron-beam and nanoimprint lithographies. Lab Chip 2006, 6:1020-1025.
67. Schiffbauer, J., Fernandez, J., Booth, W., Kelly, K., Timperman, A., Edwards, B., 2008. Dependence of potential and ion distribution on electrokinetic radius in infinite and finite-length nano-channels. In: Proceedings of the COMSOL Multiphysics User's Conference, Boston.
68. Soni, G., Squires, T.M., Meinhart, C.D., 2007. Study of nonlinear effects in electrokinetics. In: Proceedings of the COMSOL Multiphysics User's Conference, Boston.
69. Soni, G., Squires, T.M., Meinhart, C.D., 2008. Simulation of highly nonlinear electrokinetics using a weak formulation. In: Proceedings of the COMSOL Multiphysics User's Conference, Boston.
70. Strike D.J., Fiaccabrino G.-C., Koudelka-Hep M., de Rooij N.F. Enzymatic microreactor using Si, glass and EPON SU-8. Biomed. Microdevices 2000, 2(3):175-178.
71. Tang G.Y., Yang C., Chai C.K., Gong H.Q. Modeling of electroosmotic flow and capillary electrophoresis with the Joule heating effect: the Nernst-Planck equation versus the Boltzmann distribution. Langmuir 2003, 19:10975.
72. Tang G.Y., Yang C., Chai C.K., Gong H.Q. Joule heating effect on electroosmotic flow and mass species transport in a microcapillary. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2004, 47:215.
73. Tesar V., Hung C.-H., Zimmerman W.B. No moving part hybrid synthetic jet mixer. Sens. Actuators A 2006, 125(2):159-169.
74. Tesar V. Pressure-Driven Microfluidics 2007, Artech House, Norwood, MA.
75. Yang J., Lu F., Kostiuk L.W., Kwok D.Y. Electrokinetic microchannel battery by means of electrokinetic and microfluidic phenomena. J. Micromech. Microeng. 2003, 13:963-970.
76. Yeo L.Y., Friend J.R. Ultrafast microfluidics using surface acoustic waves. Biomicrofluidics 2009, 3:012002. 10.1063/1.3056040.
77. Watts P., Haswell S.J., Pombo-Villar E. Electrochemical effects related to synthesis in micro reactors operating under electrokinetic flow. Chem. Eng. J. 2004, 101:237-240.
78. Xuan X. Miniaturization Joule heating in electrokinetic flow. Electrophoresis 2008, 29(1):33-43.
79. Zelzer M., Majani R., Bradley J.W., Rose F.R.A.J., Davies M.C., Alexander M.R. Investigation of cell-surface interactions using chemical gradients formed from plasma polymers. Biomaterials 2008, 29(2):172-184.
80. Zhang, B., Docoslis, A., 2005. Accelerated virus capture to surfaces inside physiological media by using AC electrokinetic effects. In: Proceedings of the COMSOL Multiphysics User's Conference, Boston.
81. Zhang Y., Gu X.-J., Barber R.W., Emerson D.R. An analysis of induced pressure fields in electroosmotic flows through microchannels. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2004, 275:670.
82. Zhang Y., Yu H., Qin J., Lin B. A microfluidic DNA computing processor for gene expression analysis and gene drug synthesis. Biomicrofluidics 2009, 3:044105. 10.1063/1.3259628.
83. Zhang C.-X., Thormann W. Head-column field-amplified sample stacking in binary system capillary electrophoresis: a robust approach providing over 1000-fold sensitivity enhancement. Anal. Chem. 1996, 68(15):2523-2532.
84. Microfluidics: History, Theory and Applications 2006, Springer, Berlin. W.B.J. Zimmerman (Ed.).
85. Zimmerman, W.B., 2006b. Multiphysics Modeling with Finite Element Methods (Series onStability, Vibration and Control of Systems), World Scientific, Singapore (Chapter 11).
86. Zimmerman W.B., Rees J.M., Craven T.J. Rheometry of non-Newtonian electrokinetic flow in a microchannel T-junction. Microfluid. Nanofluid. 2006, 2:481-492.
87. Zimmerman W.B., Tesar V., Butler S.L., Bandulasena H.C.H. Microbubble generation. Recent Patents Eng. 2008, 2:1.
88. Zimmerman W.B., Rees J.M. Optimal modelling and experimentation for the improved sustainability of microfluidic chemical technology design. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2009, 8(6):798-808.
89. Zimmerman W.B., Hewakandamby B.N., Tesar V., Bandulasena H.C.H., Omotowa O.A. On the design and simulation of an airlift loop bioreactor with microbubble generation by fluidic oscillation. Food Bioproducts Process. 2009, 87:215-227.