메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 22-30

Anal fissure

Author keywords

Anal fissure; anal sphincter hypertonia; fissure in ano; sphincterotomy

Indexed keywords


EID: 79952288529     PISSN: 15310043     EISSN: 15309681     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272820     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (76)

References (106)
  • 1
    • 0016164988 scopus 로고
    • Internal anal sphincter derangement with anal fissures
    • Nothmann B J., Schuster M M. Internal anal sphincter derangement with anal fissures. Gastroenterology 1974 67 2 216-220
    • (1974) Gastroenterology , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 216-220
    • Nothmann, B.J.1    Schuster, M.M.2
  • 2
    • 0017349920 scopus 로고
    • The internal sphincter and anal fissure
    • Hancock B D. The internal sphincter and anal fissure. Br J Surg 1977 64 2 92-95
    • (1977) Br J Surg , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 92-95
    • Hancock, B.D.1
  • 3
    • 0022601219 scopus 로고
    • Anal hypertonia in fissures: Cause or effect?
    • Gibbons C P., Read N W. Anal hypertonia in fissures: cause or effect? Br J Surg 1986 73 6 443-445
    • (1986) Br J Surg , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 443-445
    • Gibbons, C.P.1    Read, N.W.2
  • 4
    • 0028316898 scopus 로고
    • Sustained internal sphincter hypertonia in patients with chronic anal fissure
    • Farouk R, Duthie G S., MacGregor A B., Bartolo D C. Sustained internal sphincter hypertonia in patients with chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 1994 37 5 424-429
    • (1994) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 424-429
    • Farouk, R.1    Duthie, G.S.2    MacGregor, A.B.3    Bartolo, D.C.4
  • 5
    • 0028226155 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between anal pressure and anodermal blood flow. The vascular pathogenesis of anal fissures
    • Schouten W R., Briel J W., Auwerda J J. Relationship between anal pressure and anodermal blood flow. The vascular pathogenesis of anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 1994 37 7 664-669
    • (1994) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.37 , Issue.7 , pp. 664-669
    • Schouten, W.R.1    Briel, J.W.2    Auwerda, J.J.3
  • 6
    • 0024535095 scopus 로고
    • Topography of the inferior rectal artery: A possible cause of chronic, primary anal fissure
    • Klosterhalfen B, Vogel P, Rixen H, Mittermayer C. Topography of the inferior rectal artery: a possible cause of chronic, primary anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 1989 32 1 43-52
    • (1989) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-52
    • Klosterhalfen, B.1    Vogel, P.2    Rixen, H.3    Mittermayer, C.4
  • 8
    • 39649123299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anterior anal fissures are associated with occult sphincter injury and abnormal sphincter function
    • Jenkins J T., Urie A, Molloy R G. Anterior anal fissures are associated with occult sphincter injury and abnormal sphincter function. Colorectal Dis 2008 10 3 280-285
    • (2008) Colorectal Dis , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 280-285
    • Jenkins, J.T.1    Urie, A.2    Molloy, R.G.3
  • 9
    • 0018238720 scopus 로고
    • Conservative treatment of anal fissure: An unselected, retrospective and continuous study
    • Shub H A., Salvati E P., Rubin R J. Conservative treatment of anal fissure: an unselected, retrospective and continuous study. Dis Colon Rectum 1978 21 8 582-583
    • (1978) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 582-583
    • Shub, H.A.1    Salvati, E.P.2    Rubin, R.J.3
  • 10
    • 0031033634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-examination of clinical manifestations and response to therapy of fissure-in-ano
    • Hananel N, Gordon P H. Re-examination of clinical manifestations and response to therapy of fissure-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 1997 40 2 229-233
    • (1997) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-233
    • Hananel, N.1    Gordon, P.H.2
  • 11
    • 0020694827 scopus 로고
    • The conservative treatment of fissure-in-ano
    • Gough M J., Lewis A. The conservative treatment of fissure-in-ano. Br J Surg 1983 70 3 175-176
    • (1983) Br J Surg , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 175-176
    • Gough, M.J.1    Lewis, A.2
  • 12
    • 0032871141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local thermal stimulation relaxes hypertonic anal sphincter: Evidence of somatoanal reflex
    • Jiang J K., Chiu J H., Lin J K. Local thermal stimulation relaxes hypertonic anal sphincter: evidence of somatoanal reflex. Dis Colon Rectum 1999 42 9 1152-1159
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , Issue.9 , pp. 1152-1159
    • Jiang, J.K.1    Chiu, J.H.2    Lin, J.K.3
  • 13
    • 0022639672 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of first episodes of acute anal fissure: Prospective randomised study of lignocaine ointment versus hydrocortisone ointment or warm sitz baths plus bran
    • Jensen S L. Treatment of first episodes of acute anal fissure: prospective randomised study of lignocaine ointment versus hydrocortisone ointment or warm sitz baths plus bran. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1986 292 6529 1167-1169
    • (1986) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.292 , Issue.6529 , pp. 1167-1169
    • Jensen, S.L.1
  • 14
    • 0023189334 scopus 로고
    • Maintenance therapy with unprocessed bran in the prevention of acute anal fissure recurrence
    • Jensen S L. Maintenance therapy with unprocessed bran in the prevention of acute anal fissure recurrence. J R Soc Med 1987 80 5 296-298
    • (1987) J R Soc Med , vol.80 , Issue.5 , pp. 296-298
    • Jensen, S.L.1
  • 15
    • 77956243209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice parameters for the management of anal fissures
    • Standards Practice Task Force of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. (3rd revision)
    • Perry W B., Dykes S L., Buie W D., Rafferty J F., Standards Practice Task Force of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Practice parameters for the management of anal fissures (3rd revision). Dis Colon Rectum 2010 53 8 1110-1115
    • (2010) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.53 , Issue.8 , pp. 1110-1115
    • Perry, W.B.1    Dykes, S.L.2    Buie, W.D.3    Rafferty, J.F.4
  • 16
    • 0027179494 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacology of organic nitrates
    • discussion 14C-15C
    • Fung H L. Clinical pharmacology of organic nitrates. Am J Cardiol 1993 72 8 9C-13C discussion 14C-15C
    • (1993) Am J Cardiol , vol.72 , Issue.8
    • Fung, H.L.1
  • 17
    • 0030043895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerves that say NO: A new perspective on the human rectoanal inhibitory reflex
    • O'Kelly T J. Nerves that say NO: a new perspective on the human rectoanal inhibitory reflex. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1996 78 1 31-38
    • (1996) Ann R Coll Surg Engl , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-38
    • O'Kelly, T.J.1
  • 18
    • 0028106439 scopus 로고
    • 'Reversible chemical sphincterotomy' by local application of glyceryl trinitrate
    • Loder P B., Kamm M A., Nicholls R J., Phillips R K. 'Reversible chemical sphincterotomy' by local application of glyceryl trinitrate. Br J Surg 1994 81 9 1386-1389
    • (1994) Br J Surg , vol.81 , Issue.9 , pp. 1386-1389
    • Loder, P.B.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Nicholls, R.J.3    Phillips, R.K.4
  • 19
    • 39049195885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non surgical therapy for anal fissure
    • CD003431
    • Nelson R. Non surgical therapy for anal fissure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006 4 CD003431
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Nelson, R.1
  • 20
    • 0032965927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial shows that glyceryl trinitrate heals anal fissures, higher doses are not more effective, and there is a high recurrence rate
    • Carapeti E A., Kamm M A., McDonald P J., Chadwick S J., Melville D, Phillips R K. Randomised controlled trial shows that glyceryl trinitrate heals anal fissures, higher doses are not more effective, and there is a high recurrence rate. Gut 1999 44 5 727-730
    • (1999) Gut , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 727-730
    • Carapeti, E.A.1    Kamm, M.A.2    McDonald, P.J.3    Chadwick, S.J.4    Melville, D.5    Phillips, R.K.6
  • 21
    • 18544385660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study to determine the nitroglycerin ointment dose and dosing interval that best promote the healing of chronic anal fissures
    • Fissure Study Group
    • Bailey H R., Beck D E., Billingham R P. et al, Fissure Study Group. A study to determine the nitroglycerin ointment dose and dosing interval that best promote the healing of chronic anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 2002 45 9 1192-1199
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , Issue.9 , pp. 1192-1199
    • Bailey, H.R.1    Beck, D.E.2    Billingham, R.P.3
  • 22
    • 0037302568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dose finding study with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% glyceryl trinitrate ointment in patients with chronic anal fissures
    • Scholefield J H., Bock J U., Marla B et al. A dose finding study with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% glyceryl trinitrate ointment in patients with chronic anal fissures. Gut 2003 52 2 264-269
    • (2003) Gut , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 264-269
    • Scholefield, J.H.1    Bock, J.U.2    Marla, B.3
  • 23
    • 0033830632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment and nitroglycerin patch in healing of anal fissures
    • Zuberi B F., Rajput M R., Abro H, Shaikh S A. A randomized trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment and nitroglycerin patch in healing of anal fissures. Int J Colorectal Dis 2000 15 4 243-245
    • (2000) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 243-245
    • Zuberi, B.F.1    Rajput, M.R.2    Abro, H.3    Shaikh, S.A.4
  • 24
    • 0042164812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised study comparing systemic transdermal treatment and local application of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the management of chronic anal fissure
    • Colak T, Ipek T, Urkaya N, Kanik A, Dirlik M. A randomised study comparing systemic transdermal treatment and local application of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the management of chronic anal fissure. Eur J Surg Suppl 2003 588 18-22
    • (2003) Eur J Surg Suppl , Issue.588 , pp. 18-22
    • Colak, T.1    Ipek, T.2    Urkaya, N.3    Kanik, A.4    Dirlik, M.5
  • 25
    • 0033003804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitroglycerin ointment for anal fissures: Effective treatment or just a headache?
    • Hyman N H., Cataldo P A. Nitroglycerin ointment for anal fissures: effective treatment or just a headache? Dis Colon Rectum 1999 42 3 383-385
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , Issue.3 , pp. 383-385
    • Hyman, N.H.1    Cataldo, P.A.2
  • 26
    • 0032838022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of chronic anal fissure with topical glyceryl trinitrate
    • Dorfman G, Levitt M, Platell C. Treatment of chronic anal fissure with topical glyceryl trinitrate. Dis Colon Rectum 1999 42 8 1007-1010
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 1007-1010
    • Dorfman, G.1    Levitt, M.2    Platell, C.3
  • 27
    • 0033536290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Brisinda G, Maria G, Bentivoglio A R., Cassetta E, Gui D, Albanese A. A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. N Engl J Med 1999 341 2 65-69
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , Issue.2 , pp. 65-69
    • Brisinda, G.1    Maria, G.2    Bentivoglio, A.R.3    Cassetta, E.4    Gui, D.5    Albanese, A.6
  • 28
    • 0034126998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromyogenic properties of the internal anal sphincter: Therapeutic rationale for anal fissures
    • Bhardwaj R, Vaizey C J., Boulos P B., Hoyle C H. Neuromyogenic properties of the internal anal sphincter: therapeutic rationale for anal fissures. Gut 2000 46 6 861-868
    • (2000) Gut , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 861-868
    • Bhardwaj, R.1    Vaizey, C.J.2    Boulos, P.B.3    Hoyle, C.H.4
  • 30
    • 0034892662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of oral vs. topical diltiazem for chronic anal fissures
    • Jonas M, Neal K R., Abercrombie J F., Scholefield J H. A randomized trial of oral vs. topical diltiazem for chronic anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 2001 44 8 1074-1078
    • (2001) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.44 , Issue.8 , pp. 1074-1078
    • Jonas, M.1    Neal, K.R.2    Abercrombie, J.F.3    Scholefield, J.H.4
  • 31
    • 0032817149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nifedipine for local use in conservative treatment of anal fissures: Preliminary results of a multicenter study
    • Antropoli C, Perrotti P, Rubino M et al. Nifedipine for local use in conservative treatment of anal fissures: preliminary results of a multicenter study. Dis Colon Rectum 1999 42 8 1011-1015
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Antropoli, C.1    Perrotti, P.2    Rubino, M.3
  • 32
    • 0036848962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical nifedipine with lidocaine ointment vs. active control for treatment of chronic anal fissure: Results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind study
    • Perrotti P, Bove A, Antropoli C et al. Topical nifedipine with lidocaine ointment vs. active control for treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Dis Colon Rectum 2002 45 11 1468-1475
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , Issue.11 , pp. 1468-1475
    • Perrotti, P.1    Bove, A.2    Antropoli, C.3
  • 33
    • 0036271687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial assessing the side-effects of glyceryl trinitrate and diltiazem hydrochloride in the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Kocher H M., Steward M, Leather A J., Cullen P T. Randomized clinical trial assessing the side-effects of glyceryl trinitrate and diltiazem hydrochloride in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 2002 89 4 413-417
    • (2002) Br J Surg , vol.89 , Issue.4 , pp. 413-417
    • Kocher, H.M.1    Steward, M.2    Leather, A.J.3    Cullen, P.T.4
  • 34
    • 0038654278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical nifedipine vs. topical glyceryl trinitrate for treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Ezri T, Susmallian S. Topical nifedipine vs. topical glyceryl trinitrate for treatment of chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 2003 46 6 805-808
    • (2003) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 805-808
    • Ezri, T.1    Susmallian, S.2
  • 35
    • 0037516822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective randomized trial of diltiazem and glyceryltrinitrate ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Bielecki K, Kolodziejczak M. A prospective randomized trial of diltiazem and glyceryltrinitrate ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Colorectal Dis 2003 5 3 256-257
    • (2003) Colorectal Dis , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 256-257
    • Bielecki, K.1    Kolodziejczak, M.2
  • 36
    • 31544439087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical 0.5% nifedipine vs. lateral internal sphincterotomy for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: Long-term follow-up
    • Katsinelos P, Papaziogas B, Koutelidakis I et al. Topical 0.5% nifedipine vs. lateral internal sphincterotomy for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: long-term follow-up. Int J Colorectal Dis 2006 21 2 179-183
    • (2006) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 179-183
    • Katsinelos, P.1    Papaziogas, B.2    Koutelidakis, I.3
  • 37
    • 17144408339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial comparing oral nifedipine with lateral anal sphincterotomy and tailored sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Ho K S., Ho Y H. Randomized clinical trial comparing oral nifedipine with lateral anal sphincterotomy and tailored sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 2005 92 4 403-408
    • (2005) Br J Surg , vol.92 , Issue.4 , pp. 403-408
    • Ho, K.S.1    Ho, Y.H.2
  • 38
    • 0030810514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One hundred cases of anal fissure treated with botulin toxin: Early and long-term results
    • Jost W H. One hundred cases of anal fissure treated with botulin toxin: early and long-term results. Dis Colon Rectum 1997 40 9 1029-1032
    • (1997) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.40 , Issue.9 , pp. 1029-1032
    • Jost, W.H.1
  • 39
    • 0027427227 scopus 로고
    • Use of botulinum toxin in anal fissure
    • Jost W H., Schimrigk K. Use of botulinum toxin in anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 1993 36 10 974
    • (1993) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.36 , Issue.10 , pp. 974
    • Jost, W.H.1    Schimrigk, K.2
  • 40
    • 0032556991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of botulinum toxin and saline for the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Maria G, Cassetta E, Gui D, Brisinda G, Bentivoglio A R., Albanese A. A comparison of botulinum toxin and saline for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. N Engl J Med 1998 338 4 217-220
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , Issue.4 , pp. 217-220
    • Maria, G.1    Cassetta, E.2    Gui, D.3    Brisinda, G.4    Bentivoglio, A.R.5    Albanese, A.6
  • 41
    • 0034004444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of botulinum toxin site of injections on healing rate in patients with chronic anal fissure
    • Maria G, Brisinda G, Bentivoglio A R., Cassetta E, Gui D, Albanese A. Influence of botulinum toxin site of injections on healing rate in patients with chronic anal fissure. Am J Surg 2000 179 1 46-50
    • (2000) Am J Surg , vol.179 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-50
    • Maria, G.1    Brisinda, G.2    Bentivoglio, A.R.3    Cassetta, E.4    Gui, D.5    Albanese, A.6
  • 42
    • 77952033718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral versus posterior injection of botulinum toxin in the internal anal sphincter for the treatment of acute anal fissure
    • Othman I. Bilateral versus posterior injection of botulinum toxin in the internal anal sphincter for the treatment of acute anal fissure. S Afr J Surg 2010 48 1 20-22
    • (2010) S Afr J Surg , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-22
    • Othman, I.1
  • 43
    • 0028560039 scopus 로고
    • Therapy of anal fissure using botulin toxin
    • Jost W H., Schimrigk K. Therapy of anal fissure using botulin toxin. Dis Colon Rectum 1994 37 12 1321-1324
    • (1994) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.37 , Issue.12 , pp. 1321-1324
    • Jost, W.H.1    Schimrigk, K.2
  • 44
    • 33745521372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrograde endoscopic delivery of botulinum toxin for anal fissures
    • Kinney T P., Shah A G., Rogers B H., Ehrenpreis E D. Retrograde endoscopic delivery of botulinum toxin for anal fissures. Endoscopy 2006 38 6 654
    • (2006) Endoscopy , vol.38 , Issue.6 , pp. 654
    • Kinney, T.P.1    Shah, A.G.2    Rogers, B.H.3    Ehrenpreis, E.D.4
  • 45
    • 0032879788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeat botulin toxin injections in anal fissure: In patients with relapse and after insufficient effect of first treatment
    • Jost W H., Schrank B. Repeat botulin toxin injections in anal fissure: in patients with relapse and after insufficient effect of first treatment. Dig Dis Sci 1999 44 8 1588-1589
    • (1999) Dig Dis Sci , vol.44 , Issue.8 , pp. 1588-1589
    • Jost, W.H.1    Schrank, B.2
  • 46
    • 16844366946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical versus chemical (botulinum toxin) sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: Long-term results of a prospective randomized clinical and manometric study
    • Arroyo A, Pérez F, Serrano P, Candela F, Lacueva J, Calpena R. Surgical versus chemical (botulinum toxin) sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: long-term results of a prospective randomized clinical and manometric study. Am J Surg 2005 189 4 429-434
    • (2005) Am J Surg , vol.189 , Issue.4 , pp. 429-434
    • Arroyo, A.1    Pérez, F.2    Serrano, P.3    Candela, F.4    Lacueva, J.5    Calpena, R.6
  • 47
    • 0344721503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effects of different doses of botulinum toxin in chronic anal fissure
    • Mínguez M, Melo F, Espí A et al. Therapeutic effects of different doses of botulinum toxin in chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 1999 42 8 1016-1021
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 1016-1021
    • Mínguez, M.1    Melo, F.2    Espí, A.3
  • 48
    • 0036185986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of higher doses of botulinum toxin to induce healing in patients with chronic anal fissures
    • Brisinda G, Maria G, Sganga G, Bentivoglio A R., Albanese A, Castagneto M. Effectiveness of higher doses of botulinum toxin to induce healing in patients with chronic anal fissures. Surgery 2002 131 2 179-184
    • (2002) Surgery , vol.131 , Issue.2 , pp. 179-184
    • Brisinda, G.1    Maria, G.2    Sganga, G.3    Bentivoglio, A.R.4    Albanese, A.5    Castagneto, M.6
  • 49
    • 1842534120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum neurotoxin to treat chronic anal fissure: Results of a randomized "botox vs. Dysport" controlled trial
    • Brisinda G, Albanese A, Cadeddu F et al. Botulinum neurotoxin to treat chronic anal fissure: results of a randomized "Botox vs. Dysport" controlled trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004 19 6 695-701
    • (2004) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 695-701
    • Brisinda, G.1    Albanese, A.2    Cadeddu, F.3
  • 50
    • 33847404387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial comparing botulinum toxin injections with 0.2 per cent nitroglycerin ointment for chronic anal fissure
    • Brisinda G, Cadeddu F, Brandara F, Marniga G, Maria G. Randomized clinical trial comparing botulinum toxin injections with 0.2 per cent nitroglycerin ointment for chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 2007 94 2 162-167
    • (2007) Br J Surg , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 162-167
    • Brisinda, G.1    Cadeddu, F.2    Brandara, F.3    Marniga, G.4    Maria, G.5
  • 51
    • 33645329336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of glycerine trinitrate and botulinum toxin-a for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: Long-term results
    • De Nardi P, Ortolano E, Radaelli G, Staudacher C. Comparison of glycerine trinitrate and botulinum toxin-a for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: long-term results. Dis Colon Rectum 2006 49 4 427-432
    • (2006) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 427-432
    • De Nardi, P.1    Ortolano, E.2    Radaelli, G.3    Staudacher, C.4
  • 52
    • 44949098250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin vs glyceryltrinitrate for the medical management of chronic anal fissure: A meta-analysis
    • Sajid M S., Vijaynagar B, Desai M, Cheek E, Baig M K. Botulinum toxin vs glyceryltrinitrate for the medical management of chronic anal fissure: a meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis 2008 10 6 541-546
    • (2008) Colorectal Dis , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 541-546
    • Sajid, M.S.1    Vijaynagar, B.2    Desai, M.3    Cheek, E.4    Baig, M.K.5
  • 53
    • 77953289075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for the effectiveness of conservative treatment in chronic anal fissure patients using anorectal manometry
    • Gil J, Luján J, Hernández Q, Gil E, Salom M G., Parrilla P. Screening for the effectiveness of conservative treatment in chronic anal fissure patients using anorectal manometry. Int J Colorectal Dis 2010 25 5 649-654
    • (2010) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 649-654
    • Gil, J.1    Luján, J.2    Hernández, Q.3    Gil, E.4    Salom, M.G.5    Parrilla, P.6
  • 54
    • 8844239924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term faecal incontinence following the use of botulinum toxin
    • Smith M, Frizelle F. Long-term faecal incontinence following the use of botulinum toxin. Colorectal Dis 2004 6 6 526-527
    • (2004) Colorectal Dis , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 526-527
    • Smith, M.1    Frizelle, F.2
  • 55
    • 33646406285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A second case of long-term incontinence following botulinum injection for anal fissure
    • Brown S R., Matabudul Y, Shorthouse A J. A second case of long-term incontinence following botulinum injection for anal fissure. Colorectal Dis 2006 8 5 452-453
    • (2006) Colorectal Dis , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 452-453
    • Brown, S.R.1    Matabudul, Y.2    Shorthouse, A.J.3
  • 56
    • 33144463886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic anal fissure: 1994 And a decade later - Are we doing better?
    • Floyd N D., Kondylis L, Kondylis P D., Reilly J C. Chronic anal fissure: 1994 and a decade later - are we doing better? Am J Surg 2006 191 3 344-348
    • (2006) Am J Surg , vol.191 , Issue.3 , pp. 344-348
    • Floyd, N.D.1    Kondylis, L.2    Kondylis, P.D.3    Reilly, J.C.4
  • 57
    • 22344437028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized prospective controlled trial of lateral internal sphincterotomy versus injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of idiopathic fissure in ano
    • Iswariah H, Stephens J, Rieger N, Rodda D, Hewett P. Randomized prospective controlled trial of lateral internal sphincterotomy versus injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of idiopathic fissure in ano. ANZ J Surg 2005 75 7 553-555
    • (2005) ANZ J Surg , vol.75 , Issue.7 , pp. 553-555
    • Iswariah, H.1    Stephens, J.2    Rieger, N.3    Rodda, D.4    Hewett, P.5
  • 58
    • 33751290019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial of botulinum toxin plus glyceryl trinitrate vs. botulinum toxin alone for medically resistant chronic anal fissure: Overall poor healing rates
    • Jones O M., Ramalingam T, Merrie A et al. Randomized clinical trial of botulinum toxin plus glyceryl trinitrate vs. botulinum toxin alone for medically resistant chronic anal fissure: overall poor healing rates. Dis Colon Rectum 2006 49 10 1574-1580
    • (2006) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.49 , Issue.10 , pp. 1574-1580
    • Jones, O.M.1    Ramalingam, T.2    Merrie, A.3
  • 59
    • 44249115360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin for recurrent anal fissure following lateral internal sphincterotomy
    • Brisinda G, Cadeddu F, Brandara F et al. Botulinum toxin for recurrent anal fissure following lateral internal sphincterotomy. Br J Surg 2008 95 6 774-778
    • (2008) Br J Surg , vol.95 , Issue.6 , pp. 774-778
    • Brisinda, G.1    Cadeddu, F.2    Brandara, F.3
  • 60
    • 0017143951 scopus 로고
    • Influence of autonomic nerves on the internal and sphincter in man
    • Frenckner B, Ihre T. Influence of autonomic nerves on the internal and sphincter in man. Gut 1976 17 4 306-312
    • (1976) Gut , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 306-312
    • Frenckner, B.1    Ihre, T.2
  • 61
    • 0032740513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical diltiazem and bethanechol decrease anal sphincter pressure without side effects
    • Carapeti E A., Kamm M A., Evans B K., Phillips RKS. Topical diltiazem and bethanechol decrease anal sphincter pressure without side effects. Gut 1999 45 5 719-722
    • (1999) Gut , vol.45 , Issue.5 , pp. 719-722
    • Carapeti, E.A.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Evans, B.K.3    Phillips, R.K.S.4
  • 62
    • 0033779955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical diltiazem and bethanechol decrease anal sphincter pressure and heal anal fissures without side effects
    • Carapeti E A., Kamm M A., Phillips R K. Topical diltiazem and bethanechol decrease anal sphincter pressure and heal anal fissures without side effects. Dis Colon Rectum 2000 43 10 1359-1362
    • (2000) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.43 , Issue.10 , pp. 1359-1362
    • Carapeti, E.A.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Phillips, R.K.3
  • 63
    • 0034862329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of oral indoramin to treat chronic anal fissure
    • Pitt J, Dawson P M., Hallan R I., Boulos P B. A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of oral indoramin to treat chronic anal fissure. Colorectal Dis 2001 3 3 165-168
    • (2001) Colorectal Dis , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 165-168
    • Pitt, J.1    Dawson, P.M.2    Hallan, R.I.3    Boulos, P.B.4
  • 64
    • 25844480783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of anal fissures using a combination of minoxidil and lignocaine: A randomized, double-blind trial
    • Muthukumarassamy R, Robinson S S., Sarath S C., Raveendran R. Treatment of anal fissures using a combination of minoxidil and lignocaine: a randomized, double-blind trial. Indian J Gastroenterol 2005 24 4 158-160
    • (2005) Indian J Gastroenterol , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 158-160
    • Muthukumarassamy, R.1    Robinson, S.S.2    Sarath, S.C.3    Raveendran, R.4
  • 65
    • 0000261333 scopus 로고
    • Stretching of anal sphincters in treatment of fissure-in-ano
    • Watts J M., Bennett R C., Goligher J C. Stretching of anal sphincters in treatment of fissure-in-ano. BMJ 1964 2 5405 342-343
    • (1964) BMJ , vol.2 , Issue.5405 , pp. 342-343
    • Watts, J.M.1    Bennett, R.C.2    Goligher, J.C.3
  • 66
    • 84949623117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anal dilatation versus left lateral sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: A prospective randomized study
    • December 3 [Epub ahead of print]
    • Ram E, Vishne T, Lerner I, Dreznik Z. Anal dilatation versus left lateral sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: a prospective randomized study. Tech Coloproctol 2007 December 3 [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2007) Tech Coloproctol
    • Ram, E.1    Vishne, T.2    Lerner, I.3    Dreznik, Z.4
  • 67
    • 77950880223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Operative procedures for fissure in ano
    • CD002199
    • Nelson R L. Operative procedures for fissure in ano. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010 1 CD002199
    • (2010) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Nelson, R.L.1
  • 68
    • 0026552677 scopus 로고
    • Precise anorectal sphincter dilatation - Its role in the therapy of anal fissures
    • Sohn N, Eisenberg M M., Weinstein M A., Lugo R N., Ader J. Precise anorectal sphincter dilatation - Its role in the therapy of anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 1992 35 4 322-327
    • (1992) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 322-327
    • Sohn, N.1    Eisenberg, M.M.2    Weinstein, M.A.3    Lugo, R.N.4    Ader, J.5
  • 69
    • 38349048331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical, manometric, and ultrasonographic results of pneumatic balloon dilatation vs. lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial
    • Renzi A, Izzo D, Di Sarno G et al. Clinical, manometric, and ultrasonographic results of pneumatic balloon dilatation vs. lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Dis Colon Rectum 2008 51 1 121-127
    • (2008) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 121-127
    • Renzi, A.1    Izzo, D.2    Di Sarno, G.3
  • 70
    • 50349120487 scopus 로고
    • Posterior sphincterotomy
    • Whitney E T. Posterior sphincterotomy. Am J Surg 1948 75 6 761-771
    • (1948) Am J Surg , vol.75 , Issue.6 , pp. 761-771
    • Whitney, E.T.1
  • 71
    • 0000542374 scopus 로고
    • The surgical correction of chronic internal anal (sphincteric) contracture
    • Eisenhammer S. The surgical correction of chronic internal anal (sphincteric) contracture. S Afr Med J 1951 25 28 486-489
    • (1951) S Afr Med J , vol.25 , Issue.28 , pp. 486-489
    • Eisenhammer, S.1
  • 72
    • 0000970827 scopus 로고
    • The evaluation of the internal anal sphincterotomy operation with special reference to anal fissure
    • Eisenhammer S. The evaluation of the internal anal sphincterotomy operation with special reference to anal fissure. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1959 109 583-590
    • (1959) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.109 , pp. 583-590
    • Eisenhammer, S.1
  • 73
    • 0014667130 scopus 로고
    • Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for anal fissure - A new technique
    • Notaras M J. Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for anal fissure - a new technique. Proc R Soc Med 1969 62 7 713
    • (1969) Proc R Soc Med , vol.62 , Issue.7 , pp. 713
    • Notaras, M.J.1
  • 74
    • 0014955117 scopus 로고
    • Lateral subcutaneous internal sphincterotomy in treatment of anal fissure
    • Hoffmann D C., Goligher J C. Lateral subcutaneous internal sphincterotomy in treatment of anal fissure. BMJ 1970 3 5724 673-675
    • (1970) BMJ , vol.3 , Issue.5724 , pp. 673-675
    • Hoffmann, D.C.1    Goligher, J.C.2
  • 75
    • 4344619234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open versus closed lateral sphincterotomy performed as an outpatient procedure under local anesthesia for chronic anal fissure: Prospective randomized study of clinical and manometric longterm results
    • Arroyo A, Pérez F, Serrano P, Candela F, Calpena R. Open versus closed lateral sphincterotomy performed as an outpatient procedure under local anesthesia for chronic anal fissure: prospective randomized study of clinical and manometric longterm results. J Am Coll Surg 2004 199 3 361-367
    • (2004) J Am Coll Surg , vol.199 , Issue.3 , pp. 361-367
    • Arroyo, A.1    Pérez, F.2    Serrano, P.3    Candela, F.4    Calpena, R.5
  • 76
    • 2542523918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open vs. closed lateral internal sphincterotomy for idiopathic fissure-in-ano: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial
    • Wiley M, Day P, Rieger N, Stephens J, Moore J. Open vs. closed lateral internal sphincterotomy for idiopathic fissure-in-ano: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Dis Colon Rectum 2004 47 6 847-852
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , Issue.6 , pp. 847-852
    • Wiley, M.1    Day, P.2    Rieger, N.3    Stephens, J.4    Moore, J.5
  • 77
    • 0023943625 scopus 로고
    • Long-term results of open and closed sphincterotomy for anal fissure
    • Lewis T H., Corman M L., Prager E D., Robertson W G. Long-term results of open and closed sphincterotomy for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 1988 31 5 368-371
    • (1988) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 368-371
    • Lewis, T.H.1    Corman, M.L.2    Prager, E.D.3    Robertson, W.G.4
  • 78
    • 0026792935 scopus 로고
    • Chronic fissure-in-ano: A randomized study comparing open and subcutaneous lateral internal sphincterotomy
    • Kortbeek J B., Langevin J M., Khoo R E., Heine J A. Chronic fissure-in-ano: a randomized study comparing open and subcutaneous lateral internal sphincterotomy. Dis Colon Rectum 1992 35 9 835-837
    • (1992) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. 835-837
    • Kortbeek, J.B.1    Langevin, J.M.2    Khoo, R.E.3    Heine, J.A.4
  • 79
    • 0032737771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of operative techniques for fissure-in-ano
    • discussion 1428-1431
    • Nelson R L. Meta-analysis of operative techniques for fissure-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 1999 42 11 1424-1428 discussion 1428-1431
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , Issue.11 , pp. 1424-1428
    • Nelson, R.L.1
  • 80
    • 0242332700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps increases patient satisfaction after anal fissure surgery
    • Gupta P J., Kalaskar S. Removal of hypertrophied anal papillae and fibrous anal polyps increases patient satisfaction after anal fissure surgery. Tech Coloproctol 2003 7 3 155-158
    • (2003) Tech Coloproctol , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 155-158
    • Gupta, P.J.1    Kalaskar, S.2
  • 81
    • 0030721466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tailored lateral sphincterotomy for anal fissure
    • Littlejohn D R., Newstead G L. Tailored lateral sphincterotomy for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 1997 40 12 1439-1442
    • (1997) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.40 , Issue.12 , pp. 1439-1442
    • Littlejohn, D.R.1    Newstead, G.L.2
  • 82
    • 34548679651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of fecal incontinence in patients with chronic anal fissure: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial of the extent of internal anal sphincter division during lateral sphincterotomy
    • Elsebae M M. A study of fecal incontinence in patients with chronic anal fissure: prospective, randomized, controlled trial of the extent of internal anal sphincter division during lateral sphincterotomy. World J Surg 2007 31 10 2052-2057
    • (2007) World J Surg , vol.31 , Issue.10 , pp. 2052-2057
    • Elsebae, M.M.1
  • 83
    • 17744378158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extent of lateral internal sphincterotomy: Up to the dentate line or up to the fissure apex?
    • Mente B B., Ege B, Leventoglu S, Oguz M, Karadag A. Extent of lateral internal sphincterotomy: up to the dentate line or up to the fissure apex? Dis Colon Rectum 2005 48 2 365-370
    • (2005) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 365-370
    • Mente, B.B.1    Ege, B.2    Leventoglu, S.3    Oguz, M.4    Karadag, A.5
  • 84
    • 38349068559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine-tuning of the extent of lateral internal sphincterotomy: Spasm-controlled vs. up to the fissure apex
    • Mente B B., Guüner M K., Leventoglu S, Akyuürek N. Fine-tuning of the extent of lateral internal sphincterotomy: spasm-controlled vs. up to the fissure apex. Dis Colon Rectum 2008 51 1 128-133
    • (2008) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 128-133
    • Mente, B.B.1    Güner, M.K.2    Leventoglu, S.3    Akyuürek, N.4
  • 85
    • 0842330920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of primary wound closure after lateral internal sphincterotomy
    • Aysan E, Aren A, Ayar E. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of primary wound closure after lateral internal sphincterotomy. Am J Surg 2004 187 2 291-294
    • (2004) Am J Surg , vol.187 , Issue.2 , pp. 291-294
    • Aysan, E.1    Aren, A.2    Ayar, E.3
  • 86
    • 39749203513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of healing and complications after lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: Marginal suture of incision vs. open left incision: Prospective, randomized, controlled study
    • Kang G S., Kim B S., Choi P S., Kang D W. Evaluation of healing and complications after lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: marginal suture of incision vs. open left incision: prospective, randomized, controlled study. Dis Colon Rectum 2008 51 3 329-333
    • (2008) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 329-333
    • Kang, G.S.1    Kim, B.S.2    Choi, P.S.3    Kang, D.W.4
  • 88
    • 79952299557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A contraction response of the internal anal sphincter to Botulinum toxin: Does low-pressure chronic anal fissure have a different pathophysiology?
    • May 17 [Epub ahead of print]
    • Lindsey I, Jones O M., Cunningham C. A contraction response of the internal anal sphincter to Botulinum toxin: does low-pressure chronic anal fissure have a different pathophysiology? Colorectal Dis 2010 May 17 [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2010) Colorectal Dis
    • Lindsey, I.1    Jones, O.M.2    Cunningham, C.3
  • 89
    • 0036849264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of resistant anal fissure with advancement anoplasty
    • Kenefick N J., Gee A S., Durdey P. Treatment of resistant anal fissure with advancement anoplasty. Colorectal Dis 2002 4 6 463-466
    • (2002) Colorectal Dis , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 463-466
    • Kenefick, N.J.1    Gee, A.S.2    Durdey, P.3
  • 90
    • 79952199004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fissurectomy and anal advancement flap for anterior chronic anal fissure without hypertonia of the internal anal sphincter in females
    • Patti R, Famà F, Barrera T, Migliore G, Di Vita G. Fissurectomy and anal advancement flap for anterior chronic anal fissure without hypertonia of the internal anal sphincter in females. Colorectal Dis 2010 12 11 1127-1130
    • (2010) Colorectal Dis , vol.12 , Issue.11 , pp. 1127-1130
    • Patti, R.1    Famà, F.2    Barrera, T.3    Migliore, G.4    Di Vita, G.5
  • 91
    • 77949530407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early results of fissurectomy and advancement flap for resistant chronic anal fissure without hypertonia of the internal anal sphincter
    • Patti R, Famà F, Tornambè A, Restivo M, Di Vita G. Early results of fissurectomy and advancement flap for resistant chronic anal fissure without hypertonia of the internal anal sphincter. Am Surg 2010 76 2 206-210
    • (2010) Am Surg , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 206-210
    • Patti, R.1    Famà, F.2    Tornambè, A.3    Restivo, M.4    Di Vita, G.5
  • 92
    • 67349270087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple cutaneous advancement flap anoplasty for resistant chronic anal fissure: A prospective study
    • Giordano P, Gravante G, Grondona P, Ruggiero B, Porrett T, Lunniss P J. Simple cutaneous advancement flap anoplasty for resistant chronic anal fissure: a prospective study. World J Surg 2009 33 5 1058-1063
    • (2009) World J Surg , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 1058-1063
    • Giordano, P.1    Gravante, G.2    Grondona, P.3    Ruggiero, B.4    Porrett, T.5    Lunniss, P.J.6
  • 93
    • 77953293193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • V-Y advancement flap as first-line treatment for all chronic anal fissures
    • Chambers W, Sajal R, Dixon A. V-Y advancement flap as first-line treatment for all chronic anal fissures. Int J Colorectal Dis 2010 25 5 645-648
    • (2010) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 645-648
    • Chambers, W.1    Sajal, R.2    Dixon, A.3
  • 94
    • 77949422780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fissurectomy combined with anoplasty and injection of botulinum toxin in treatment of anterior chronic anal fissure with hypertonia of internal anal sphincter: A pilot study
    • Patti R, Famà F, Tornambè A, Asaro G, Di Vita G. Fissurectomy combined with anoplasty and injection of botulinum toxin in treatment of anterior chronic anal fissure with hypertonia of internal anal sphincter: a pilot study. Tech Coloproctol 2010 14 1 31-36
    • (2010) Tech Coloproctol , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-36
    • Patti, R.1    Famà, F.2    Tornambè, A.3    Asaro, G.4    Di Vita, G.5
  • 95
    • 77951924291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of chronic anal fissures and associated stenosis by autologous adipose tissue transplant: A pilot study
    • Lolli P, Malleo G, Rigotti G. Treatment of chronic anal fissures and associated stenosis by autologous adipose tissue transplant: a pilot study. Dis Colon Rectum 2010 53 4 460-466
    • (2010) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 460-466
    • Lolli, P.1    Malleo, G.2    Rigotti, G.3
  • 98
    • 0015260905 scopus 로고
    • Perianal lesions in Crohn's disease
    • Fielding J F. Perianal lesions in Crohn's disease. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1972 17 1 32-37
    • (1972) J R Coll Surg Edinb , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 32-37
    • Fielding, J.F.1
  • 100
    • 0019126601 scopus 로고
    • Natural history of perianal Crohn's disease. Ten year follow-up: A plea for conservatism
    • Buchmann P, Keighley M R., Allan R N., Thompson H, Alexander-Williams J. Natural history of perianal Crohn's disease. Ten year follow-up: a plea for conservatism. Am J Surg 1980 140 5 642-644
    • (1980) Am J Surg , vol.140 , Issue.5 , pp. 642-644
    • Buchmann, P.1    Keighley, M.R.2    Allan, R.N.3    Thompson, H.4    Alexander-Williams, J.5
  • 101
    • 0027175483 scopus 로고
    • Surgery for symptomatic hemorrhoids and anal fissures in Crohn's disease
    • Wolkomir A F., Luchtefeld M A. Surgery for symptomatic hemorrhoids and anal fissures in Crohn's disease. Dis Colon Rectum 1993 36 6 545-547
    • (1993) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 545-547
    • Wolkomir, A.F.1    Luchtefeld, M.A.2
  • 102
    • 0022992744 scopus 로고
    • The surgical management of anorectal diseases in AIDS and pre-AIDS patients
    • Wexner S D., Smithy W B., Milsom J W., Dailey T H. The surgical management of anorectal diseases in AIDS and pre-AIDS patients. Dis Colon Rectum 1986 29 11 719-723
    • (1986) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.29 , Issue.11 , pp. 719-723
    • Wexner, S.D.1    Smithy, W.B.2    Milsom, J.W.3    Dailey, T.H.4
  • 103
    • 0029156403 scopus 로고
    • Surgery for anal lesions in HIV-infected patients
    • Weiss E G., Wexner S D. Surgery for anal lesions in HIV-infected patients. Ann Med 1995 27 4 467-475
    • (1995) Ann Med , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 467-475
    • Weiss, E.G.1    Wexner, S.D.2
  • 104
    • 0027304871 scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative disease of the anorectum in the HIV + patient
    • Viamonte M, Dailey T H., Gottesman L. Ulcerative disease of the anorectum in the HIV + patient. Dis Colon Rectum 1993 36 9 801-805
    • (1993) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.36 , Issue.9 , pp. 801-805
    • Viamonte, M.1    Dailey, T.H.2    Gottesman, L.3
  • 105
    • 0031966582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perianal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection: Experience with 260 patients
    • discussion 611-612
    • Barrett W L., Callahan T D., Orkin B A. Perianal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection: experience with 260 patients. Dis Colon Rectum 1998 41 5 606-611 discussion 611-612
    • (1998) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.41 , Issue.5 , pp. 606-611
    • Barrett, W.L.1    Callahan, T.D.2    Orkin, B.A.3
  • 106
    • 4644313797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anorectal pathology in HIV/AIDS-infected patients has not been impacted by highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Gonzalez-Ruiz C, Heartfield W, Briggs B, Vukasin P, Beart R W. Anorectal pathology in HIV/AIDS-infected patients has not been impacted by highly active antiretroviral therapy. Dis Colon Rectum 2004 47 9 1483-1486
    • (2004) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.47 , Issue.9 , pp. 1483-1486
    • Gonzalez-Ruiz, C.1    Heartfield, W.2    Briggs, B.3    Vukasin, P.4    Beart, R.W.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.