Age-specific effects of hormone therapy use on overall mortality and ischemic heart disease mortality among women in the California Teachers Study

Menopause

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 253-261

  Stram, Daniel O ^a   Liu, Yuan ^a   Henderson, Katherine D ^b   Sullivan Halley, Jane ^b   Luo, Jianning ^a   Saxena, Tanmai ^a   Reynolds, Peggy ^c,d   Chang, Ellen T ^c,d   Neuhausen, Susan L ^b   Horn Ross, Pamela L ^c,d   Bernstein, Leslie ^b   Ursin, Giske ^a,e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b CITY OF HOPE NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c CANCER PREVENTION INSTITUTE OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Age; Heart disease; Menopausal hormone therapy; Overall mortality; Risk; Survival

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; CAUSE OF DEATH; FEMALE; HORMONAL THERAPY; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSTMENOPAUSE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CALIFORNIA; CAUSE OF DEATH; COHORT STUDIES; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; FACULTY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MENOPAUSE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

EID: 79952195916     PISSN: 10723714     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181f0839a     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Barrett-Connor E, Grady D. Hormone replacement therapy, heart disease, and other considerations. Annu Rev Public Health 1998;19:55-72. (Pubitemid 28279924)
2. Folsom AR, Mink PJ, Sellers TA, Hong CP, Zheng W, Potter JD. Hormonal replacement therapy and morbidity and mortality in a prospective study of postmenopausal women. Am J Public Health 1995;85: 1128-1132.
3. Henderson BE, Paganini-Hill A, Ross RK. Decreased mortality in users of estrogen replacement therapy. Arch Intern Med 1991;151:75-78.
4. Ettinger B, Friedman GD, Bush T, Quesenberry CP Jr. Reduced mortality associated with long-term postmenopausal estrogen therapy. Obstet Gynecol 1996;87:6-12. (Pubitemid 26015941)
5. Manson JE, Hsia J, Johnson KC, et al. Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 2003;349:523-534. (Pubitemid 36951364)
6. Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and mortality. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1769-1775.
7. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 1998;280:605-613. (Pubitemid 28502636)
8. Hemminki E, McPherson K. Impact of postmenopausal hormone therapy on cardiovascular events and cancer: pooled data from clinical trials. BMJ 1997;315:149-153. (Pubitemid 27303059)
9. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;288:321-333. (Pubitemid 34761611)
10. Rossouw JE, Prentice RL, Manson JE, et al. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause. JAMA 2007;297:1465-1477. (Pubitemid 46556472)
11. Willett WC, Manson JE, Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA. Re: Bcombined postmenopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular disease: toward resolving the discrepancy between observational studies and the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial[. Am J Epidemiol 2006;163: 1067-1068; author reply 1068-1069. (Pubitemid 43987599)
12. Grodstein F, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ. Hormone therapy and coronary heart disease: the role of time since menopause and age at hormone initiation. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2006;15:35-44. (Pubitemid 43192860)
13. Hernan MA, Alonso A, Logan R, et al. Observational studies analyzed like randomized experiments: an application to postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease. Epidemiology 2008;19:766-779.
14. Bernstein L, Allen M, Anton-Culver H, et al. High breast cancer incidence rates among California teachers: results from the California Teachers Study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2002;13:625-635. (Pubitemid 35001770)
15. Horn-Ross PL, Lee VS, Collins CN, et al. Dietary assessment in the California Teachers Study: reproducibility and validity. Cancer Causes Control 2008;19:595-603.
16. Cox D. Regression models and life tables. J R Stat Soc Ser B 1972;34: 187-220.
17. Thiebaut AC, Benichou J. Choice of time-scale in Cox's model analysis of epidemiologic cohort data: a simulation study. Stat Med 2004;23: 3803-3820. (Pubitemid 40074078)
18. Iribarren C, Luepker RV, McGovern PG, Arnett DK, Blackburn H. Twelve-year trends in cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Minnesota Heart Survey. Are socioeconomic differences widening? Arch Intern Med 1997;157:873-881. (Pubitemid 28337038)
19. Majumdar SR, Almasi EA, Stafford RS. Promotion and prescribing of hormone therapy after report of harm by the Women's Health Initiative. JAMA 2004;292:1983-1988. (Pubitemid 39411207)
20. Wysowski DK, Governale LA. Use of menopausal hormones in the United States, 1992 through June, 2003. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2005;14:171-176. (Pubitemid 40360770)
21. Hersh AL, Stefanick ML, Stafford RS. National use of postmenopausal hormone therapy: annual trends and response to recent evidence. JAMA 2004;291:47-53. (Pubitemid 38040534)