Cloud-resolving simulations of deep convection over a heated mountain

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 68, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 361-378

  Kirshbaum, Daniel J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Anticyclones; Cloud resolving models; Deep convection; Diurnal effects; Mountain meteorology

Indexed keywords

ANTICYCLONES; CLOUD RESOLVING MODELS; DEEP CONVECTION; DIURNAL EFFECTS; MOUNTAIN METEOROLOGY;

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CLOUDS; GLACIAL GEOLOGY; METEOROLOGY; NATURAL CONVECTION; THUNDERSTORMS;

LANDFORMS;

AIRFLOW; ANTICYCLONE; ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DIURNAL VARIATION; MOUNTAIN; OROGRAPHIC EFFECT;

BADEN-WURTTEMBERG; BLACK FOREST; GERMANY;

EID: 79951930316     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2010JAS3642.1     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Banta, R. M., 1990: Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain. Meteor. Monogr., Vol. 45, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 323 pp.
2. Barthlott, C., and Coauthors, 2011: Initiation of deep convection at marginal instability in an ensemble of mesoscale models: A case study from COPS. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., in press.
3. Blyth, A. M., and J. Latham, 1993: Development of ice and precipitation in NewMexican summertime cumulus clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 91-120.
4. Bryan, G. H., and J. M. Fritsch, 2002: A benchmark simulation for moist nonhydrostatic models.Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2917-2928.
5. Bryan, G. H., and J. M. Fritsch, 2004: A reevaluation of ice-liquid water potential temperature. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2421-2431.
6. Bryan, G. H., J. C. Wyngaard, and J. M. Fritsch, 2003: Resolution requirements for the simulation of deep moist convection. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2394-2416.
7. Crook, N. A., and D. F. Tucker, 2005: Flow over heated terrain. Part I: Linear theory and idealized numerical simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 2552-2564.
8. Damiani, R., and Coauthors, 2008: The Cumulus, Photogrammet-ric, In Situ, and Doppler Observations Experiment of 2006. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 57-73.
9. Demko, J. C., and B. Geerts, 2010: A numerical study of the evolving convective boundary layer and orographic circulation around the Santa Catalina Mountains in Arizona. Part II: Interaction with deep convection. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 3603-3622.
10. Derbyshire, S.H., I. Beau, P.Bechtold, J.-Y.Grandpeix, J.-M. Piriou, J.-L. Redelsperger, and P. M. M. Soares, 2004: Sensitivity of moist convection to environmental humidity. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 130, 3055-3079.
11. Emanuel, K. A., 1994: Atmospheric Convection. Oxford University Press, 580 pp.
12. Grabowski, W. W., and Coauthors, 2006: Daytime convective development over land: A model intercomparison based on LBA observations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 132, 317-344.
13. Kain, J. S., and J. M. Fritsch, 1990: A one-dimensional entraining/detraining plume model and its application in convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2784-2802.
14. Khairoutdinov, M., and D. Randall, 2006: High-resolution simulation of shallow-to-deep convection transition over land. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 3421-3436.
15. Kirshbaum, D. J., and D. R. Durran, 2004: Factors governing cellular convection in orographic precipitation. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 682-698.
16. Kottmeier, C., and Coauthors, 2008: Mechanisms initiating deep convection over complex terrain during COPS. Meteor. Z., 17, 931-948.
17. Maddox, R. A., L. R.Hoxit, C. F. Chappell, and F.R. Caraceña, 1978: Comparison of meteorological aspects of the Big Thompson and Rapid City flash floods. Mon.Wea. Rev., 106, 375-389.
18. Mason, B. J., and P. R. Jonas, 1974: The evolution of droplet spectra and large droplets by condensation in cumulus clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 100, 23-38.
19. Orville, H. D., 1968: Ambient wind effects on the initiation and development of cumulus clouds over mountains. J. Atmos. Sci., 25, 385-403.
20. Ovtchinnikov, M., Y. L. Kogan, and A. M. Blyth, 2000: An investigation of ice production mechanisms in small cumuliform clouds using a 3D model with explicit microphysics. Part II: Case study of New Mexico cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3004-3020.
21. Petch, J. C., 2004: The predictability of deep convection in cloudresolving simulations over land. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 130, 3173-3187.
22. Petch, J. C., P. N. Blossey, and C. S. Bretherton, 2008: Differences in the lower troposphere in two- and three-dimensional cloudresolving model simulations of deep convection. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134, 1941-1946.
23. Raymond, D. J., and M. H. Wilkening, 1980: Mountain-induced convection under fair weather conditions. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2693-2706.
24. Raymond, D. J., and A. M. Blyth, 1986: A stochastic mixing model for nonprecipitating cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2708-2718.
25. Redelsperger, J.-L., and Coauthors, 2000: A GCSS model intercomparison of a tropical squall line observed during TOGACOARE. I: Cloud-resolving models. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 823-863.
26. Robinson, F. J., S. C. Sherwood, D.Gerstle,C.Liu,andD. J.Kirshbaum, 2011:Exploring the land-ocean contrast in convective vigor using islands. J. Atmos. Sci., in press.
27. Roesner, S., A. I. Flossman, and H. R. Pruppacher, 1990: The effect on the evolution of the drop spectrum in clouds of the preconditioning of air by successive convective elements. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116, 1389-1403.
28. Tian, W. S., and D. J. Parker, 2003: A modeling study and scaling analysis of orographic effects on boundary layer shallow convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1981-1991.
29. Tripoli, G. J., and W. R. Cotton, 1989: Numerical study of an observed orogenic mesoscale convective system. Part I: Simulated genesis and comparison with observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 273-304.
30. Wu, C.-M., B. Stevens, and A. Arakawa, 2009: What controls the transition from shallow to deep convection? J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 1793-1806.
31. Wulfmeyer, V., and Coauthors, 2008: The convective and orographically induced precipitation study: A research and development project of the World Weather Research Program for improving quantitative precipitation forecasting in lowmountain regions. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 1477-1486.
32. Zehnder, J. A., L. Zhang, D. Hansford, A. Radzan, N. Selover, and C. M. Brown, 2006: Using digital cloud photogrammetry to characterize the onset and transition from shallow to deep convection over orography. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2527-2546.
33. Zehnder, J. A., J. Hu, and A. Radzan, 2009: Evolution of the vertical thermodynamic profile during the transition from shallow to deep convection during CuPIDO 2006. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 937-953.