Differentiation of unevaporated gasoline samples according to their brands, by SPME-GC-MS and multivariate statistical analysis

Journal of Forensic Sciences

Volumn 56, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 372-380

  Monfreda, Maria ^a   Gregori, Adolfo ^b  

^a Agenzia delle Dogane   (Italy)

^b Raggruppamento Carabinieri Investigazioni Scientifiche   (Italy)

Author keywords

Arson; Fire debris; Forensic science; Gas chromatography mass spectrometry; Gasoline; Multivariate statistical analysis; Principal component analysis; Solid phase microextraction

Indexed keywords

EID: 79951849767     PISSN: 00221198     EISSN: 15564029     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01644.x     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Snow NH, Slack JC. Head-space analysis in modern gas chromatography. Trends Anal Chem 2002;21(9/10):608-17.
2. Almirall JR, Furton KJ. New developments in sampling and sample preparation for forensic analysis. In: Pawliszyn J, editor. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 37. Elsevier Science, 2002:919-38.
3. Pert AD, Baron MG, Birkett JW. Review of analytical techniques for arson residues. J Forensic Sci 2006;51(5):1033-49.
4. American Society of Testing and Materials. ASTM Method E 2154-01 Standard practice for separation and concentration of ignitable liquid residues from fire debris samples by passive headspace concentration with solid phase microextraction (SPME). In: Annual book of ASTM standards. ASTM 2005;14(02):860-2.
5. Sandercock PML. Fire investigation and ignitable liquid residue analysis-a review: 2001-2007. Forensic Sci Int 2008;176:93-110.
6. Keto RO, Wineman PL. Target-compound method for the analysis of accelerant residues in fire debris. Anal Chim Acta 1994;288:97-110.
7. Keto RO, Wineman PL. Detection of petroleum-based accelerants in fire debris by target compound gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 1991;63:1964-71.
8. Lennard CJ, Tristan Rochaix V, Margot P, Huber K. A GC-MS database of target compound chromatograms for the identification of arson accelerants. Sci Justice 1995;35(1):19-30.
9. American Society of Testing and Materials. ASTM Method E 1618-01 Standard test method for ignitable liquid residues in extracts from fire debris samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In: Annual book of ASTM standards. ASTM 2005;14(02):539-49.
10. Bodle ES, Hardy JK. Multivariate pattern recognition of petroleum-based accelerants by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Anal Chim Acta 2007;589:247-54.
11. Tan B, Hardy JK, Snavely RE. Accelerant classification by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and multivariate pattern recognition. Anal Chim Acta 2000;422:37-46.
12. Sandercock PML, Du Pasquier E. Chemical fingerprinting of unevaporated automotive gasoline samples. Forensic Sci Int 2003;134(1):1-10.
13. Sandercock PML, Du Pasquier E. Chemical fingerprinting of gasoline 2. Comparison of unevaporated and evaporated automotive gasoline samples. Forensic Sci Int 2004;140(1):43-59.
14. Sandercock PML, Du Pasquier E. Chemical fingerprinting of gasoline Part 3. Comparison of unevaporated automotive gasoline samples from Australia and New Zealand. Forensic Sci Int 2004;140:71-7.
15. Doble P, Sandercock PML, Du Pasquier E, Petocz P, Roux C, Dawson M. Classification of premium and regular gasoline by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, principal component analysis and artificial neural networks. Forensic Sci Int 2003;132:26-39.
16. Pierce KM, Hope JL, Jonson KJ, Wright BW, Synovec RE. Classification of gasoline data obtained by gas chromatography using a piecewise alignment algorithm combined with feature selection and principal component analysis. J Chromatogr A 2005;1096:101-10.
17. Watson NE, VanWingerden MM, Pierce KM, Wright BW, Synovec RE. Classification of high-speed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry by principal component analysis coupled with piecewise alignment and feature selection. J Chromatogr A 2006;1129:111-8.
18. Petraco NDK, Gil M, Pizzola PA, Kubic TA. Statistical discrimination of liquid gasoline samples from casework. J Forensic Sci 2008;53(5):1092-101.
19. Hupp AM, Marshall LJ, Campbell DI, Smith RW, McGuffin VL. Chemometric analysis of diesel fuel for forensic and environmental applications. Anal Chim Acta 2008;606:159-71.
20. MATLAB [computer program version 7.2],
21. SPSS, Inc. SPSS [computer program, version 11.01],
22. Gemperline PJ. Practical guide to chemometrics, 2nd edn. Boca Raton FL: CRC Press, 2006.
23. Massart DL, Vandeginste BGM, Deming SN, Minchotte Y, Kaufman L. Chemometrics: a textbook. New York, NY: Elsevier, 1988.
24. Jolliffe IT. Principal component analysis, 2nd edn. New York, NY: Springer, 2004.
25. Kaufmann A. Multivariate statistics as a classification tool in the food laboratory. J AOAC Int 1997;80:665-75.