Energy from forest biomass in ontario: Getting beyond the promise

Forestry Chronicle

Volumn 87, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 61-70

  Mabee, W E ^a   Mirck, J ^a   Chandra, R ^b  

^a QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Black liquor gasification; Combined heat and power; Ethanol; Fischer tropsch diesel; Forest biomass supply; Forest sector; Green Energy and Green Economy Act; Liquid biofuels for transport; Wood pellets

Indexed keywords

ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION; ETHANOL; FORESTRY; GASIFICATION; PLANT SHUTDOWNS;

BLACK LIQUOR GASIFICATION; COMBINED HEAT AND POWER; FISCHER-TROPSCH DIESEL; FOREST BIOMASS; FOREST SECTORS; GREEN ECONOMIES; LIQUID BIOFUELS; WOOD PELLET;

BIOMASS;

BIOENERGY; BIOFUEL; BIOMASS POWER; ENERGY POLICY; ETHANOL; PHYTOMASS; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT;

CANADA; ONTARIO [CANADA];

EID: 79951702224     PISSN: 00157546     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5558/tfc87061-1     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Boussaid, A., J. Robinson, Y. Cai, D. J. Gregg and J. N. Saddler. 1999. Fermentability of the hemicellulose-derived sugars from steam-exploded softwood (Douglas-fir). Biotechnol. Bioeng. 64(3):284-289. (Pubitemid 29297381)
2. Branca, C. and C. di Blasi. 2006. Multistep mechanism for the devolatization of biomass fast pyrolysis oils. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 45(17):5891-5899. (Pubitemid 44343086)
3. Cetin, E., B. Moghtaderi, R. Gupta and T. F. Wall. 2005. Biomass gasification kinetics: Influences of pressure and char structure. Combust. Sci. Technol. 177(4):765-791 (Pubitemid 40496952)
4. Chandra, R. P., R. Bura, W. E. Mabee, A. Berlin, X. Pan and J. N. Saddler. 2007. Substrate pretreatment: the key to effective enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosics? Adv. Biochem. Eng./Biotechnol. 108:67-93. (Pubitemid 47434543)
5. CIBC. 2005. Ontario Government's Package for the Forest Products Industry. Equity Research Industry Update, September 29, 2005. CIBC World Markets Inc., Toronto, ON.
6. Clinch R. L., N. V. Trevathasan, A. M. Gordon, T. A. Volk and D. Sidders. 2009. Biophysical interactions in a short willow intercropping system in southern Ontario, Canada. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 131 (1-2): 61-69.
7. CPAWS. 2007. Ontario's Forest Economy...adrift in a global marketplace. Special Report, June 2007. CPAWS Wildlands League, Toronto, ON. Available at http://www.wildlandsleague.org/attachments/Adrift. Ontario.mill.closures.2007. pdf
8. Eggeman, T. and R. T. Elander. 2005. Process and economic analysis of pretreatment technologies. Bioresource Technol. 96(18):2019-2025. (Pubitemid 41169796)
9. Faaij, A. P. C. 2006. Bio-energy in Europe: changing technology choices. Energ. Policy 34(3):322-342. (Pubitemid 41510268)
10. FAOStat. 2009. FAO Statistical Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
11. FPInnovations. 2008. FERIC BIOS Model. Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada (FERIC), FPInnovations. Available at http://www. fpinnovations.ca.
12. Garcia, L., R. French, S. Czernik and E. Chornet. 2000. Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oils for the production of hydrogen: effects of catalyst composition. Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 201(2):225-239.
13. Institution of Engineering and Technology. 2008. Combined heat and power (CHP). Factfile. The Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, UK. 3 p.
14. IEA. 2006. World Energy Outlook, 2006. International Energy Agency, OECD/IEA, Paris, France.
15. IEA. 2008. Energy technology perspectives to 2050. International Energy Agency, OECD/IEA, Paris, France.
16. [IPCC] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2007. Climate change Fourth Assessment Report - Mitigation. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Working Group III.
17. Junginger, M., et al. 2008. Developments in international bioenergy trade. Biomass Bioenerg. 32(8):717-729.
18. Karlsson, A. and L. Gustavsson. 2003. External costs and taxes in heat supply systems. Energ. Policy 31(14):1541-1560. (Pubitemid 36755145)
19. Katchalski-Katzi, E. and D. M. Kraemer. 2000. Eupergit C, a carrier for immobilization of enzymes of industrial potential. J. Mol. Catal. B-Enzym. 10 (1-3): 157-176. (Pubitemid 30479832)
20. Landsberg, J. J. and R. H. Waring. 1997. A generalize model of forest productivity using simplified concepts of radiation-use efficiency, carbon balance and partitioning. Forest Ecol. Manag. 95:209-228. (Pubitemid 27383743)
21. Mabee, W. E. and J. N. Saddler. 2006. The potential of bioconversion to produce fuels and chemicals. Pulp Pap.-Canada 107(6):34-37. (Pubitemid 44218483)
22. Mabee, W. E., D. J. Gregg, C. Arato, A. Berlin, R. Bura, N. Gilkes, O. Mirochnik, X. Pan, E. K. Pye and J. N. Saddler. 2006. Updates on softwood-to-ethanol process development. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 129:55-70. (Pubitemid 43791490)
23. Magdzinski, L. 2006. Tembec Temiscaming integrated biorefinery. Pulp Pap. Canada 107(6):44-46. (Pubitemid 44212369)
24. Mais, U., A. R. Esteghlalian, J. N. Saddler and S. D. Mansfield. 2002. Enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials using simultaneous ball milling. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 98-100 (1-9): 815-832. (Pubitemid 34460663)
25. McCloy, B. W. 1999. Opportunities for increased woodwaste cogeneration in the Canadian pulp and paper industry. BW McCloy & Associates Inc., Vancouver, BC.
26. Mosier, N., C. E. Wyman, B. Dale, R. Elander, Y. Y. Lee, M. Holtzapple and M. Ladisch. 2005. Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresource Technol. 96(6):673-686. (Pubitemid 39592889)
27. [NRCan] Natural resources Canada. 2000. Canada's Emissions Outlook Updated 1997-2020. Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa.
28. Ontario. 2009. Green Energy and Green Economy Act. Bill 150, Government of Ontario, Toronto, ON. 75 p.
29. [OMNR] Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 2006. Chapter 4: Indicators of Forest Sustainability - Criterion 5. In Ontario's State of the Forest Report 2006. pp. 429-433. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto, ON.
30. Pan, X., N. Gilkes, J. Kadla and E. K. Pye. 2006. Bioconversion of hybrid poplar to ethanol and co-products using an organosolv fractionation process: optimization of process yields. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 94:851-886.
31. Parker, W. C., S. Colombo, M. L. Cherry, M. D. Flannigan, S. Greifenhagen, R. S. McAlpine, C. Papdopol and T. Scarr. 2000. Third Millennium Forestry: What climate change might mean to forests and forest management in Ontario. Forest. Chron. 76(3):445-463. (Pubitemid 30661180)
32. Putsche, V. 1999. Complete process and economic model of syngas fermentation to ethanol. C Milestone Completion Report, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.
33. Ragauskas, A. J., et al. 2006. The path forward for biofuels and biomaterials. Science 311(5760):484-489. (Pubitemid 43158454)
34. Sims, R. E. H., W. E. Mabee, J. N. Saddler and M. Taylor. 2010. An overview of second generation biofuel technologies. Bioresource Technol. 101(6):1570-1580.
35. Spatari, S., Y. M. Zhang and H. L. MacLean. 2005. Life cycle assessment of switchgrass-and corn stover-derived ethanol-fuelled automobiles. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39(24):9750-9758. (Pubitemid 41832158)
36. Spath, P. and D. Dayton. 2003. Preliminary screening - technical and economic assessment of synthesis gas to fuels and chemicals with emphasis on the potential for biomass-derived syngas. National Renewable Energy Laboratory report NREL/TP-510-34929, US Department of Energy, Washington, DC. 160 p.
37. Statistics Canada. 2004. Report on energy supply-demand in Canada. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 57-003-X, 1990 and 2003.
38. Tengborg, C., M. Galbe and G. Zacchi. 2001. Reduced inhibition of enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-pretreated softwood. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 28:835-844. (Pubitemid 32536779)
39. Thomas, V., P. Treitz, J. H. McCaughey, T. Noland and L. Rich. 2008. Canopy chlorophyll concentration estimation using hyperspectral and LiDAR data for a boreal mixedwood forest in northern Ontario. Canada Int. J. Remote Sens. 29:1029-1052.
40. Tu, M., X. Zhang, A. Kurabi, N. Gilkes, W. E. Mabee and J. N. Saddler. 2006. Immobilization of β-glucosidase on Eupergit C for lignocellulose hydrolysis. Biotechnol. Lett. 28(3):151-156. (Pubitemid 43263070)
41. Vakkilainen, E. K., S. Kankkonen and J. Suutela. 2008. Advanced efficiency options: Increasing electricity generating potential from pulp mills. Pulp Pap.-Canada 109(4):14-18.
42. Weil, J. R., B. Dien, R. Bothast, R. Hendrickson, N. S. Mosier and M. R. Ladisch. 2002. Removal of fermentation inhibitors formed during pretreatment of biomass by polymeric adsorbents. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 41(24):6132-6138. (Pubitemid 35390375)
43. Wood, T. M. and J. N. Saddler. 1988. Increasing the availability of cellulose in biomass materials. In W. A. Wood and S. T. Kellogg (eds.). Methods in Enzymology. Washington, DC. 160 p.
44. Woods, M., K. Lim and P. Treitz. 2008. Predicting forest stand variables from LiDAR data in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence forest of Ontario. Forest. Chron. 84:827-839.
45. Wooley, R., M. Ruth, D. Glassner and J. Sheehan. 1999. Process design and costing of bioethanol technology: a tool for determining the status and direction of research and development. Biotechnol. Prog. 15:794-803. (Pubitemid 29475618)
46. Wright, L. 2006. Worldwide commercial development of bioenergy with a focus on energy-based projects. Biomass Bioenerg. 30 (8-9): 706-714. (Pubitemid 44149103)
47. Yamshanov, D. and D. McKenney. 2008. Fast-growing poplar plantations as a bioenergy supply source for Canada. Biomass Bioenerg. 32(3):185-197. (Pubitemid 351226556)
48. Zhang, Y. M., J. McKechnie, D. Cormier, R. Lyng, W. E. Mabee, A. Ogino and H. L. MacLean. 2010. Life cycle emissions and cost of producing electricity from coal, natural gas, and wood pellets in Ontario, Canada. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44:538-544.