Emotions in cognitive conflicts are not aversive but are task specific

Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 349-356

  Schacht, Anne Kathrin ^a   Dimigen, Olaf ^a   Sommer, Werner ^a  

^a HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; COGNITION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONFLICT; CONTINGENT NEGATIVE VARIATION; DECISION MAKING; ELECTRODERMAL RESPONSE; EMOTION; EVOKED RESPONSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); MALE; PERCEPTIVE DISCRIMINATION; PHYSIOLOGY; REACTION TIME; REFERENCE VALUE;

ADULT; CEREBRAL CORTEX; CHOICE BEHAVIOR; COGNITION; CONFLICT (PSYCHOLOGY); CONTINGENT NEGATIVE VARIATION; DISCRIMINATION (PSYCHOLOGY); EMOTIONS; EVOKED POTENTIALS; FEMALE; GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE; HUMANS; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); MALE; REACTION TIME; REFERENCE VALUES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79751470055     PISSN: 15307026     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3758/CABN.10.3.349     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. ANDREASSI, J. L. (2007). Psychophysiology: Human behavior and physiological response (5th ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
2. AUE, T., FLYKT, A., & SCHERER, K. R. (2007). First evidence for differential and sequential efferent effects of stimulus relevance and goal conduciveness appraisal. Biological Psychology, 74, 347-357. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.09.001 (Pubitemid 46161238)
3. BAND, G. P. H., RIDDERINKHOF, K. R., & VAN der MOLEN, M. W. (2003). Speed-accuracy modulation in case of conflict: The roles of activation and inhibition. Psychological Research, 67, 266-279. (Pubitemid 38284613)
4. BEATTY, J., & LUCERO-WAGONER, B. (2000). The pupillary system. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, & G. G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (2nd ed., pp. 142-162). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5. BOTVINICK, M. M. (2007). Conflict monitoring and decision making: Reconciling two perspectives on anterior cingulate function. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 7, 356-366. doi:10.3758/CABN.7.4.356
6. BOTVINICK, M. M., BRAVER, T. S., BARCH, D. M., CARTER, C. S., & COHEN, J. D. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychological Review, 108, 624-652. (Pubitemid 33604139)
7. BRADLEY, M. M., CODISPOTI, M., CUTHBERT, B. N., & LANG, P. J. (2001). Emotion and motivation I: Defensive and appetitive reactions in picture processing. Emotion, 1, 276-298.
8. BRADLEY, M. M., MICCOLI, L., ESCRIG, M. A., & LANG, P. J. (2008). The pupil as a measure of emotional arousal and autonomic activation. Psychophysiology, 45, 602-607. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00654.x (Pubitemid 351832085)
9. BUSH, G., LUU, P., & POSNER, M. I. (2000). Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 215-222. (Pubitemid 30332147)
10. CRITCHLEY, H. D., TANG, J., GLASER, D., BUTTERWORTH, B., & DOLAN, R. J. (2005). Anterior cingulate activity during error and autonomic response. NeuroImage, 27, 885-895. (Pubitemid 41317257)
11. DEVINSKY, O., MORRELL, M. J., & VOGT, B. A. (1995). Contributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behaviour. Brain, 118, 279-306.
12. DIMIGEN, O., VALSECCHI, M., SOMMER, W., & KLIEGL, R. (2009). Human microsaccade-related visual brain responses. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 12321-12331. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0911-09.2009
13. DONKERS, F. C. L., & VAN BOXTEL, G. J. M. (2004). The N2 in go/no-go tasks reflects conflict monitoring not response inhibition. Brain & Cognition, 56, 165-176. (Pubitemid 39423879)
14. DREISBACH, G., & GOSCHKE, T. (2004). How positive affect modulates cognitive control: Reduced perseveration at the cost of increased distractibility. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 30, 343-353. (Pubitemid 38317879)
15. FALKENSTEIN, M., HOHNSBEIN, J., HOORMANN, J., & BLANKE, L. (1991). Effects of crossmodal divided attention on late ERP components: II. Error processing in choice reaction tasks. Electroencephalography & Clinical Neurophysiology, 78, 447-455.
16. FALKENSTEIN, M., HOORMANN, J., & HOHNSBEIN, J. (1999). ERP components in Go/Nogo tasks and their relation to inhibition. Acta Psychologica, 101, 267-291.
17. FOLSTEIN, J. R., & VAN PETTEN, C. (2008). Influence of cognitive control and mismatch on the N2 component of the ERP: A review. Psychophysiology, 45, 152-170. (Pubitemid 350233271)
18. FRIDLUND, A. J., & CACIOPPO, J. T. (1986). Guidelines for human electromyographic research. Psychophysiology, 23, 567-589. doi:10.1111/j.1469- 8986.1986.tb00676.x (Pubitemid 17201200)
19. GEHRING, W. J., GOSS, B., COLES, M. G. H., MEYER, D. E., & DONCHIN, E. (1993). A neural system for error detection and compensation. Psychological Science, 4, 385-390.
20. HAJCAK, G., & FOTI, D. (2008). Errors are aversive: Defensive motivation and the error-related negativity. Psychological Science, 19, 103-108.
21. KOPP, B., RIST, F., & MATTLER, U. (1996). N200 in the flanker task as a neurobehavioral tool for investigating executive control. Psychophysiology, 33, 282-294. (Pubitemid 26127156)
22. KORNBLUM, S., HASBROUCQ, T., & OSMAN, A. (1990). Dimensional overlap: Cognitive basis for stimulus-response compatibility-A model and taxonomy. Psychological Review, 97, 253-270.
23. LANG, P. J., BRADLEY, M. M., & CUTHBERT, B. N. (1990). Emotion, attention, and the startle reflex. Psychological Review, 97, 377-395. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.97.3.377
24. LANG, P. J., BRADLEY, M. M., & CUTHBERT, B. N. (1997). Motivated attention: Affect, activation, and action. In P. J. Lang, R. F. Simons, & M. T. Balaban (Eds.), Attention and orienting: Sensory and motivational processes (pp. 97-134). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
25. LARSEN, J. T., NORRIS, C. J., & CACIOPPO, J. T. (2003). Effects of positive and negative affect on electromyographic activity over zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii. Psychophysiology, 40, 776-785. (Pubitemid 37128041)
26. LEHMANN, D., & SKRANDIES, W. (1980). Reference-free identification of components of checkerboard-evoked multichannel potential fields. Electroencephalography & Clinical Neurophysiology, 48, 609-621. (Pubitemid 10091391)
27. LEUTHOLD, H., & SCHRÖTER, H. (2006). Electrophysiological evidence for response priming and conflict regulation in the auditory Simon task. Brain Research, 1097, 167-180. (Pubitemid 44041289)
28. LIOTTI, M., WOLDORFF, M. G., PEREZ, R., III, & MAYBERG, H. S. (2000). An ERP study of the temporal course of the Stroop color-word interference effect. Neuropsychologia, 38, 701-711. (Pubitemid 30109449)
29. MCCARTHY, G., & WOOD, C. C. (1985). Scalp distributions of eventrelated potentials: An ambiguity associated with analysis of variance models. Electroencephalography & Clinical Neurophysiology, 62, 203-208. (Pubitemid 15036868)
30. MELARA, R. D., WANG, H., VU, K.-P. L., & PROCTOR, R. W. (2008). Attentional origins of the Simon effect: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence. Brain Research, 1215, 147-159.
31. MITCHELL, R. L. C., & PHILLIPS, L. H. (2007). The psychological, neurochemical and functional neuroanatomical mediators of the effects of positive and negative mood on executive functions. Neuropsychologia, 45, 617-629. (Pubitemid 44958740)
32. NIEUWENHUIS, S., YEUNG, N., VAN den WILDENBERG, W., & RIDDERINKHOF, K. R. (2003). Electrophysiological correlates of anterior cingulate function in a go/no-go task: Effects of response conflict and trial type frequency. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 3, 17-26. (Pubitemid 37517032)
33. NIGBUR, R., & STÜRMER, B. (2008). Dissociable conflict adaptation processes in a combined Go/NoGo paradigm [Abstract]. In W. Gevers, B. Liefooghe, & W. Notebaert (Eds.), Neuroscience and Cognitive Control: Program and abstracts (p. 13). Ghent, Belgium: Ghent University, Experimental Psychology Department.
34. OLDFIELD, R. C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9, 97-113.
35. PIVIK, R. T., BROUGHTON, R. J., COPPOLA, R., DAVIDSON, R. J., FOX, N., & NUWER, M. R. (1993). Guidelines for the recording and quantitative analysis of electroencephalographic activity in research contexts. Psychophysiology, 30, 547-558. (Pubitemid 23304903)
36. PRAAMSTRA, P., & OOSTENVELD, R. (2003). Attention and movementrelated motor cortex activation: A high-density EEG study of spatial stimulus-response compatibility. Cognitive Brain Research, 16, 309-322. (Pubitemid 36423328)
37. PUGH, L. A., OLDROYD, C. R., RAY, T. S., & CLARK, M. L. (1966). Muscular effort and electrodermal responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71, 241-248. doi:10.1037/h0022834
38. RECIO, G., SCHACHT, A., & SOMMER, W. (2009). Effect of inter-stimulus interval variation on skin conductance responses and event - related potentials in a Go/NoGo task. Biological Psychology, 80, 246-250. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho. 2008.10.007
39. RICHER, F., SILVERMAN, C., & BEATTY, J. (1983). Response selection and initiation in speeded reactions: A pupillometric analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 9, 360-370. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.9.3.360
40. RIDDERINKHOF, K. R. (2002). Activation and suppression in conflict tasks: Empirical clarification through distributional analyses. In W. Prinz & B. Hommel (Eds.), Common mechanisms in perception and action: Attention and performance XIX (pp. 494-519). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
41. RUSSELL, J. A. (1980). A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 39, 1161-1178.
42. SCHACHT, A., NIGBUR, R., & SOMMER, W. (2009). Emotions in Go/NoGo conflicts. Psychological Research, 73, 843-856.
43. SCHERER, K. R. (2001). Appraisal considered as a process of multilevel sequential checking. In K. R. Scherer, A. Schorr, & T. Johnstone (Eds.), Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods, research (pp. 92-120). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
44. SIMON, J. R. (1990). The effects of an irrelevant directional cue on human information processing. In R. W. Proctor & T. G. Reeve (Eds.), Stimulus-response compatibility: An integrated perspective (pp. 31-86). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
45. STÜRMER, B., LEUTHOLD, H., SOETENS, E., SCHRÖTER, H., & SOMMER, W. (2002). Control over location-based response activation in the Simon task: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 28, 1345-1363. (Pubitemid 36107178)
46. VAN STEENBERGEN, H., BAND, G. P. H., & HOMMEL, B. (2009). Reward counteracts conflict adaptation: Evidence for a role of affect in executive control. Psychological Science, 20, 1473-1477. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009. 02470.x
47. VAN VEEN, V., & CARTER, C. S. (2002). The timing of action-monitoring processes in the anterior cingulate cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 593-602. (Pubitemid 34553655)
48. YEUNG, N., BOTVINICK, M. M., & COHEN, J. D. (2004). The neural basis of error detection: Conflict monitoring and the error-related negativity. Psychological Review, 111, 931-959. (Pubitemid 39375082)
49. YEUNG, N., & COHEN, J. D. (2006). The impact of cognitive deficits on conflict monitoring: Predictable dissociations between the errorrelated negativity and N2. Psychological Science, 17, 164-171. (Pubitemid 43424385)