OLTARIS: On-line tool for the assessment of radiation in space

Acta Astronautica

Volumn 68, Issue 7-8, 2011, Pages 1086-1097

  Singleterry Jr , Robert C ^a   Blattnig, Steve R ^a   Clowdsley, Martha S ^a   Qualls, Garry D ^a   Sandridge, Chris A ^a   Simonsen, Lisa C ^a   Slaba, Tony C ^a   Walker, Steven A ^b   Badavi, Francis F ^c   Spangler, Jan L ^d   Aumann, Aric R ^e   Neal Zapp, E ^f   Rutledge, Robert D ^f   Lee, Kerry T ^f   Norman, Ryan B ^a   Norbury, John W ^a  

^a NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^b OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c CHRISTOPHER NEWPORT UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Lockheed Martin Operations Support   (United States)

^e ANALYTICAL SERVICES AND MATERIALS INC   (United States)

^f NASA JOHNSON SPACE CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Galactic cosmic rays; Solar particle event; Space radiation

Indexed keywords

DETECTOR RESPONSE; DOSE EQUIVALENT; EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENTS; GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS; LET SPECTRA; MISSION PARAMETERS; ON-LINE TOOLS; OUTPUT RESPONSE; RADIATION ENVIRONMENTS; SOLAR PARTICLE EVENT; SPACE RADIATION; SPACE RADIATIONS; THICKNESS DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSPORT CODES; WEB INTERFACE; WHOLE BODY;

AUTOMOBILE ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT; COSMIC RAYS; GALAXIES; NUCLEAR PHYSICS; SOLAR RADIATION; WORLD WIDE WEB;

RADIATION EFFECTS;

EID: 79551530619     PISSN: 00945765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.09.022     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. NASA Standards for Modeling and Simulation, NASA-STD-7009, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC, 2008.
2. S.R. Blattnig, J.M. Luckring, J.H. Morrison, A.J. Sylvester, R.K. Tripathi, T.A. Zang, NASA standard for models and simulations: philosophy and requirements overview, AIAA-2009-1010, 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, Florida, January 58, 2009.
3. R.C. Singleterry, J.W. Wilson, J.L. Shinn, R.K. Tripathi, S.A. Thibeault, A.K. Noor, F.A. Cucinotta, F.F. Badavi, C.K. Chang, G. Qualls, M.S. Clowdsley, M.Y. Kim, J.H. Heinbockel, J.W. Norbury, S.R. Blattnig, J. Miller, C. Zeitlin, and L.H. Heilbronn Creation and utilization of a world wide web based space radiation effects code: SIREST Physica Medica XVII 2001 90 94
4. J.W. Wilson, L.W. Townsend, W. Schimmerling, G.S. Khandelwal, F. Khan, J.E. Nealy, F.A. Cucinotta, L.C. Simonsen, J.L. Shinn, J.W. Norbury, Transport methods and interactions for space radiations, NASA Reference Publication 1257, 1991.
5. J.W. Wilson, R.K. Tripathi, C.J. Mertens, S.R. Blattnig, M.S. Clowdsley, F.A. Cucinotta, J. Tweed, J.H. Heinbockel, S.A. Walker, J.E. Nealy, Verification and validation: high charge and energy (HZE) transport codes and future development, NASA Technical Paper 213784, 2005.
6. J.W. Wilson, R.K. Tripathi, F.A. Cucinotta, J.L. Shinn, F.F. Badavi, S.Y. Chun, J.W. Norbury, C.J. Zeitlin, L. Heilbronn, J. Miller, NUCFRG2: an evaluation of the semi-empirical nuclear fragmentation database, NASA Technical Paper 3533, 1995.
7. J.W. Wilson, L.W. Townsend, and F.F. Badavi A semi-empirical nuclear fragmentation model Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 18 1987 225 231
8. J.W. Wilson, J.L. Shinn, L.W. Townsend, R.K. Tripathi, F.F. Badavi, and S.Y. Chun NUCFRG2: a semi-empirical nuclear fragmentation model Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 18 1994 95 102
9. J.W. Wilson, L.W. Townsend, J.E. Nealy, S.Y. Chun, B.S. Hong, W.W. Buck, S.L. Lamkin, B.D. Ganapol, F. Khan, F.A. Cucinotta, BRYNTRN: a baryon transport model, NASA Technical Paper 2887, 1989.
10. 〈 http://gridengine.sunsource.net/ 〉.
11. T.C. Slaba, S.R. Blattnig, M.S. Clowdsley, S.A. Walker, F.F. Badavi, An improved neutron transport algorithm for HZETRN2005, NASA Technical Paper 216199, 2010.
12. T.C. Slaba, G.D. Qualls, M.S. Clowdsley, S.R. Blattnig, L.C. Simonsen, S.A. Walker, R.C. Singleterry, Analysis of mass averaged tissue doses in CAM, CAF, MAX, and FAX, NASA Technical Paper 215562, 2009.
13. T.C. Slaba, J.H. Heinbockel, and S.R. Blattnig Neutron transport models and methods for HZETRN and coupling to low energy light ion transport SAE International Journal of Aerospace 1 2009 510 521
14. T.C. Slaba, S.R. Blattnig, F.F. Badavi, Faster and more accurate transport procedures for HZETRN, NASA Technical Paper 216213, 2010.
15. J.H. Heinbockel, T.C. Slaba, S.R. Blattnig, R.K. Tripathi, L.W. Townsend, T. Handler, T.A. Gabriel, L.S. Pinsky, B. Reddell, M.S. Clowdsley, R.C. Singleterry, J.W. Norbury, F.F. Badavi, S.K. Aghara, Comparison of the radiation transport codes HZETRN, HETC-HEDS and FLUKA using the February 1956 Webber SPE spectrum, NASA Technical Paper 215560, 2009.
16. J.H. Heinbockel, T.C. Slaba, F.F. Badavi, S.R. Blattnig, J.W. Norbury, L.W. Townsend, T. Handler, T.A. Gabriel, L.S. Pinsky, B. Reddell, A.R. Aumann, A comparison of the radiation transport codes HZETRN, HETC-HEDS and FLUKA using the 1977 Solar Minimum GCR Spectrum, NASA Technical Paper 215956, 2009.
17. 〈 http://www.pmddtc.state.gov/regulations-laws/itar-official.html 〉.
18. J. Hufner, K. Schafer, and B. Schurmann Heavy fragments produced in protonnucleus and nucleusnucleus collisions at relativistic energies Physical Review C 12 1975 1888 1898
19. R. Norman, S. Blattnig, J. Norbury, Nuclear Fragmentation Model Evaluation, Meeting of the Southeastern Section of the American Physical Society, Raleigh, North Carolina, October, 2008.
20. J.W. Wilson, L.W. Townsend, W.W. Buck, S.Y. Chun, B.S. Hong, S.L. Lamkin, Nucleonnucleus interaction data base: total nuclear and absorption cross sections, NASA Technical Memorandum 4053, 1988.
21. F.A. Cucinotta, L.W. Townsend, J.W. Wilson, Description of alpha-nucleus interaction cross sections for cosmic ray shielding studies, NASA Technical Paper 3285, 1993.
22. F.A. Cucinotta, Calculations of cosmic-ray helium transport in shielding materials, NASA Technical Paper 3354, 1993.
23. F.A. Cucinotta, L.W. Townsend, J.W. Wilson, J.L. Shinn, G.D. Badhwar, and R.R. Dubey Light ion components of the galactic cosmic rays: nuclear interactions and transport theory Advances in Space Research 17 1996 77 86
24. R.K. Tripathi, J.W. Wilson, F.A. Cucinotta, New parameterization of neutron absorption cross sections, NASA Technical Paper 3354, 1997.
25. R.K. Tripathi, F.A. Cucinotta, J.W. Wilson, Universal parameterization of absorption cross sections, NASA Technical Paper 209726, 1999.
26. J.W. Norbury, Nucleon-nucleon total cross section, NASA Technical Paper 215116, 2008.
27. H. Tai, H. Bichsel, J.W. Wilson, J.L. Shinn, F.A. Cucinotta, F.F. Badavi, Comparison of stopping power and range databases for radiation transport study, NASA Technical Paper 3644, 1997.
28. P.M. O'Neill BadhwarO'Neill galactic cosmic ray model update based on advanced composition explorer (ACE) energy spectra from 1977 to present Advances in Space Research 37 2006 1727 1733
29. NASA, Constellation Program Design Specification for Natural Environments (DSNE), CxP 70023, Rev A, Change 001, November 7, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC, 2008.
30. W.R. Webber, An evaluation of the radiation hazard due to solar-particle events, D2-90469 Aero-Space Div., Boeing Co., 1963.
31. J.H. King Solar proton fluences for 19771983 space missions Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 11 1974 401 408
32. H.H. Sauer, R.D. Zwickl, M.J. Ness, Summary data for the solar energetic particle events of August Through December 1989, Space Environment Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1990.
33. L.W. Townsend, E.N. Zapp, D.L. Stephens, and J.L. Hoff Carrington flare of 1859 as a prototypical worst-case solar energetic particle event IEEE Transactions in Nuclear Science 50 2003 2307 2309
34. A.J. Tylka, W. Dietrich, W. Atwell, Band function representations of solar proton spectra in ground-level events, 38th scientific assembly of the committee on space research (COSPAR), Paper F24-0004-10, Bremen, Germany, 1825 July, 2010.
35. D.M. Sawyer, J.I. Vette, AP-8 Trapped proton environments for solar maximum and solar minimum, NSSDC/WDC-A-R&S, 1976, pp. 7606.
36. J.I. Vette, The NASA/National Space Science Data Center Trapped Radiation Environmental Model Program (19641991), NSSDC/WDC-A-R&S, 1991, pp. 9129.
37. T. Foelsche, R.B. Mendell, J.W. Wilson, R.R. Adams, Measured and calculated neutron spectra and dose equivalent rates at high altitudes, relevance to SST operations and space research, NASA Technical Note D-7715, 1974.
38. J.W. Wilson Cosmic ray neutron albedo dose in low earth orbit Health Physics 57 1989 665 668
39. J.W. Wilson, F.M. Denn, Preliminary analysis of the implications of natural radiations on geostationary operations, NASA Technical Note D-8290, 1976.
40. G. De Angelis, J.M. Clem, P.E. Goldhagen, and J.W. Wilson A new dynamical atmospheric ionizing radiation (AIR) model for epidemiological studies Advances in Space Research 32 2003 17 26 (Pubitemid 37196352)
41. J.M. Clem, G. De Angelis, P. Goldhagen, and J.W. Wilson Preliminary validation of computational procedures for a new atmospheric ionizing radiation (AIR) model Advances in Space Research 32 2003 27 33
42. J.W. Wilson, F.A. Cucinotta, M.J. Golightly, J.E. Nealy, G.D. Qualls, F.F. Badavi, G. De Angelis, B.M. Anderson, M.S. Clowdsley, N. Luetke, N. Zapp, M.R. Shavers, E. Semones, and A. Hunter International space station: a test bed for experimental and computational dosimetry Advances in Space Research 37 2006 1656 1663
43. D.C. Jensen, and J.C. Cain An interim geomagnetic field Journal of Geophysical Research 67 1962 3568 3569
44. J.C. Cain, S.J. Hendricks, R.A. Langel, and W.V. Hudson A proposed model for the international geomagnetic reference field-1965 Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity 19 1967 335 355
45. J.W. Wilson, and F.F. Badavi Methods of galactic heavy ion transport Radiation Research 108 1986 231 237
46. F.A. Cucinotta, Calculations of cosmic-ray helium transport in shielding materials, NASA Technical Paper 3354, 1993.
47. T.C. Slaba, S.R. Blattnig, S.K. Aghara, Coupled neutron transport for HZETRN, Radiation Measurements 45 (2010) 173182.
48. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), Operational Radiation Safety Program for Astronauts in Low Earth Orbit: A Basic Framework, NCRP Report No. 142, Bethesda MD, 2002.
49. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), The 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 60, Annals of the ICRP, vol. 21, nos. 13, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1991.
50. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), Radiation Protection Guidance for Activities in Low Earth Orbit, NCRP Report No. 132, Bethesda, MD, 2000.
51. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), Information Needed to Make Radiation Protection Recommendations for Space Missions Beyond Low Earth Orbit, NCRP Report No. 153, Bethesda, MD, 2006.
52. F.F. Badavi, J.W. Wilson, A. Hunter, Numerical study of the generation of linear energy transfer spectra for space radiation applications, NASA Technical Paper 213941, 2005.
53. F.F. Badavi, C.R. Stewart-Sloan, D.O. Adams, J.W. Wilson, Radiation protection effectiveness of polymeric based shielding materials at low earth orbit, The Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering (SAMPE), No. 2008-L002, May 2008.
54. M.A. Xapsos, E.A. Burke, P. Shapiro, and G.P. Summers Energy deposition and ionization fluctuations induced by ions in small sites: an analytical approach Radiation Research 137 1994 152 161
55. M.A. Xapsos, E.A. Burke, P. Shapiro, and G.P. Summers Probability distributions of energy deposition and ionization in sub-micrometer sites for condensed media Radiation Measurements 26 1996 1 9
56. M.P. Billings, W.R. Yucker, The computerized anatomical man (CAM) model, Report No. MDC-G4655, McDonnell Douglas Company, 1973.
57. W.R. Yucker, S.L. Huston, The computerized anatomical female, Final Report No. MDC-6107, McDonnell Douglas Company, 1990.
58. W.R. Yucker, R.J. Reck, Computerized anatomical female body self-shielding distributions, Report No. MDC-92H0749, McDonnell Douglas Company, 1992.
59. R. Kramer, J.W. Vieira, H.J. Khoury, F.R. Lima, and D. Fuelle All about MAX: a male adult voxel phantom for Monte Carlo calculations in radiation protection dosimetry Physics in Medicine and Biology 48 2003 1239 1262
60. R. Kramer, J.W. Vieira, H.J. Khoury, F.R. Lima, E.C. Loureiro, V.J. Lima, and G. Hoff All about FAX: a female adult voxel phantom for Monte Carlo calculations in radiation protection dosimetry Physics in Medicine and Biology 49 2004 5203 5216
61. T.C. Slaba, G.D. Qualls, M.S. Clowdsley, S.R. Blattnig, S.A. Walker, and L.C. Simonsen Utilization of CAM, CAF, MAX, and FAX for space radiation analysis using HZETRN Advances in Space Research 45 2010 866 883