메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 10, 2003, Pages 1239-1262

All about MAX: A male adult voxel phantom for Monte Carlo calculations in radiation protection dosimetry

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOSIMETRY; IMAGE SEGMENTATION; MONTE CARLO METHODS; TISSUE;

EID: 0038459031     PISSN: 00319155     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/48/10/301     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (181)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0036156891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consideration of marrow cellularity in 3-dimensional dosimetric models of the trabecular skeleton
    • Bolch W E, Patton P W, Rajon D A, Shah A P, Jokisch D W and Inglis B A 2002 Consideration of marrow cellularity in 3-dimensional dosimetric models of the trabecular skeleton J. Nucl. Med. 43 97-108
    • (2002) J. Nucl. Med. , vol.43 , pp. 97-108
    • Bolch, W.E.1    Patton, P.W.2    Rajon, D.A.3    Shah, A.P.4    Jokisch, D.W.5    Inglis, B.A.6
  • 2
    • 0031032502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of radiation dose measured in CT dosimetry phantoms with calculations using EGS4 and voxel-based computational models
    • Caon M, Bibbo G and Pattison J 1997 A comparison of radiation dose measured in CT dosimetry phantoms with calculations using EGS4 and voxel-based computational models Phys. Med. Biol. 42 219-29
    • (1997) Phys. Med. Biol. , vol.42 , pp. 219-229
    • Caon, M.1    Bibbo, G.2    Pattison, J.3
  • 3
    • 0032833602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An EGS4-ready tomographic computational model of a fourteen-year-old female torso for calculating organ doses from CT examinations
    • Caon M, Bibbo G and Pattison J 1999 An EGS4-ready tomographic computational model of a fourteen-year-old female torso for calculating organ doses from CT examinations Phys. Med. Biol. 44 2213-25
    • (1999) Phys. Med. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 2213-2225
    • Caon, M.1    Bibbo, G.2    Pattison, J.3
  • 4
    • 0034937080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion coefficients based on the VIP-Man anatomical model and EGS4-VLSI code for external monoenergetic photons from 10 keV to 10 MeV
    • Chao T C, Bozkurt A and Xu X G 2001a Conversion coefficients based on the VIP-Man anatomical model and EGS4-VLSI code for external monoenergetic photons from 10 keV to 10 MeV Health Phys. 81 163-83
    • (2001) Health Phys. , vol.81 , pp. 163-183
    • Chao, T.C.1    Bozkurt, A.2    Xu, X.G.3
  • 5
    • 0034937910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organ dose conversion coefficients for 0.1-10 MeV electrons calculated for the VIP-Man tomographic model
    • Chao T C, Bozkurt A and Xu XG 2001b Organ dose conversion coefficients for 0.1-10 MeV electrons calculated for the VIP-Man tomographic model Health Phys. 81 203-14
    • (2001) Health Phys. , vol.81 , pp. 203-214
    • Chao, T.C.1    Bozkurt, A.2    Xu, X.G.3
  • 6
    • 0003753580 scopus 로고
    • Mathematical phantoms representing children at various ages for use in estimates of internal dose
    • Report ORNL/NUREG/TM-367 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
    • Cristy M 1980 Mathematical phantoms representing children at various ages for use in estimates of internal dose Report ORNL/NUREG/TM-367 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
    • (1980)
    • Cristy, M.1
  • 7
    • 0002112617 scopus 로고
    • The development of realistic voxel phantoms for electromagnetic field dosimetry
    • Proc. Int. Workshop on Voxel Phantom Development (National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, UK, 6-7 July 1995)
    • Dimbylow P J 1995 The development of realistic voxel phantoms for electromagnetic field dosimetry Proc. Int. Workshop on Voxel Phantom Development (National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, UK, 6-7 July 1995)
    • (1995)
    • Dimbylow, P.J.1
  • 8
    • 0003640684 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of dose in the body from a source of gamma rays distributed uniformly in an organ
    • Report ORNL-4168 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
    • Fisher H L and Snyder W S 1967 Distribution of dose in the body from a source of gamma rays distributed uniformly in an organ Report ORNL-4168 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
    • (1967)
    • Fisher, H.L.1    Snyder, W.S.2
  • 9
    • 0002319394 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of dose in the body from a source of gamma rays distributed uniformly in an organ
    • (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • Fisher H L and Snyder W S 1968 Distribution of dose in the body from a source of gamma rays distributed uniformly in an organ Proc. Ist Int. Cong. Radiation Protection (Oxford: Pergamon) pp 1473-86
    • (1968) Proc. Ist Int. Cong. Radiation Protection , pp. 1473-1486
    • Fisher, H.L.1    Snyder, W.S.2
  • 11
    • 0020213666 scopus 로고
    • Photon mass attenuation and energy-absorptions coefficients from 1 keV to 20 MeV
    • Hubbell J H 1982 Photon mass attenuation and energy-absorptions coefficients from 1 keV to 20 MeV Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 33 1269
    • (1982) Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. , vol.33 , pp. 1269
    • Hubbell, J.H.1
  • 12
    • 0038628972 scopus 로고
    • ICRP Report of the Task Group on Reference Man (ICRP Publication 23) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • ICRP 1975 Report of the Task Group on Reference Man (ICRP Publication 23) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • (1975)
  • 13
    • 0038290244 scopus 로고
    • ICRP 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Publication 60) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • ICRP 1991 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Publication 60) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • (1991)
  • 14
    • 0038290240 scopus 로고
    • ICRP Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection: A Report of a Task Group of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Publication 66) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • ICRP 1994 Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection: A Report of a Task Group of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Publication 66) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • (1994)
  • 15
    • 0004328446 scopus 로고
    • Basic Anatomical and Physiological Data for Use in Radiological Protection: The Skeleton
    • ICRP (ICRP Publication 70) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • ICRP 1995 Basic Anatomical and Physiological Data for Use in Radiological Protection: The Skeleton (ICRP Publication 70) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • (1995)
  • 16
    • 0004159251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion Coefficients for Use in Radiological Protection against External Radiation
    • ICRP (ICRP Publication 74) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • ICRP 1996 Conversion Coefficients for Use in Radiological Protection against External Radiation (ICRP Publication 74) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • (1996)
  • 17
    • 0037952714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic Anatomical and Physiological Data for Use in Radiological Protection: Reference Values
    • ICRP (ICRP Publication 89) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • ICRP 2003 Basic Anatomical and Physiological Data for Use in Radiological Protection: Reference Values (ICRP Publication 89) (Oxford: Pergamon)
    • (2003)
  • 18
    • 0003682469 scopus 로고
    • Tissue substitutes in radiation dosimetry and measurement
    • ICRU ICRU Report 44 International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Bethesda, MD, USA
    • ICRU 1989 Tissue substitutes in radiation dosimetry and measurement ICRU Report 44 International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Bethesda, MD, USA
    • (1989)
  • 19
    • 0004159249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion coefficients for use in radiological protection against external radiation
    • ICRU ICRU Report 57 International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Bethesda, MD, USA
    • ICRU 1998 Conversion coefficients for use in radiological protection against external radiation ICRU Report 57 International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Bethesda, MD, USA
    • (1998)
  • 20
    • 0037614741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The conjugate view method: Evaluation of activity and absorbed dose calculations from Monte Carlo simulated scintillation camera images using experimental data in an anthropomorphic phantom
    • Johnson L, Ljundberg M, Sjogreen K and Strand S E 2000 The conjugate view method: evaluation of activity and absorbed dose calculations from Monte Carlo simulated scintillation camera images using experimental data in an anthropomorphic phantom J. Nucl. Med. 41 (Suppl.) 234 p
    • (2000) J. Nucl. Med. , vol.41 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 234
    • Johnson, L.1    Ljundberg, M.2    Sjogreen, K.3    Strand, S.E.4
  • 21
    • 0030869733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A realistic anthropomorphic phantom for calculating organ doses arising from external photon irradiation
    • Jones D G 1997 A realistic anthropomorphic phantom for calculating organ doses arising from external photon irradiation Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 72 21-9
    • (1997) Radiat. Prot. Dosim. , vol.72 , pp. 21-29
    • Jones, D.G.1
  • 22
    • 0021954160 scopus 로고
    • Photoelectron enhancement of the absorbed dose from x-rays to human bone marrow: Experimental and theoretical studies
    • King S D and Spiers F W 1985 Photoelectron enhancement of the absorbed dose from x-rays to human bone marrow: experimental and theoretical studies Br. J. Radiol. 58 345-56
    • (1985) Br. J. Radiol. , vol.58 , pp. 345-356
    • King, S.D.1    Spiers, F.W.2
  • 23
    • 0038628969 scopus 로고
    • Ermittlung von Konversionsfaktoren zwischen Koerperdosen und Relevanten Strahlungskenngroessen bei Externer Roentgen- und Gamma-Bestrahlung Gesellschaft fuer Strahlen-und Umweltforschung Muenchen-Neuherberg GSF-Bericht-S-556
    • Kramer R 1979 Ermittlung von Konversionsfaktoren zwischen Koerperdosen und Relevanten Strahlungskenngroessen bei Externer Roentgen- und Gamma-Bestrahlung Gesellschaft fuer Strahlen-und Umweltforschung Muenchen-Neuherberg GSF-Bericht-S-556
    • (1979)
    • Kramer, R.1
  • 24
    • 0020264131 scopus 로고
    • On the calculation of effective dose equivalent
    • Kramer R and Drexler G 1982 On the calculation of effective dose equivalent Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 3 13-24
    • (1982) Radiat. Prot. Dosim. , vol.3 , pp. 13-24
    • Kramer, R.1    Drexler, G.2
  • 25
    • 0003547765 scopus 로고
    • The calculation of dose from external photon exposures using reference human phantoms and Monte Carlo methods: Part 1. The male (ADAM) and female (EVA) adult mathematical phantoms
    • GSF-Report S-885 (Neuherberg-Muenchen: Institut fuer Strahlenschutz, GSF-Forschungszentrum fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit) reprinted July 1999
    • Kramer R, Zankl M, Williams G and Drexler G 1982 The calculation of dose from external photon exposures using reference human phantoms and Monte Carlo methods: Part 1. The male (ADAM) and female (EVA) adult mathematical phantoms GSF-Report S-885 (Neuherberg-Muenchen: Institut fuer Strahlenschutz, GSF-Forschungszentrum fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit) reprinted July 1999
    • (1982)
    • Kramer, R.1    Zankl, M.2    Williams, G.3    Drexler, G.4
  • 26
    • 0032427687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individualized phantom based on CT slices and auxological data (ICTA) for dose estimations following radiotherapy for skin haemangioma in childhood
    • Ligot L, Diallo I, Shamsaldin A, Chavaudra J, Bonaîti-Pellié and Vathaire F 1998 Individualized phantom based on CT slices and auxological data (ICTA) for dose estimations following radiotherapy for skin haemangioma in childhood Radiother. Oncol. 49 279-85
    • (1998) Radiother. Oncol. , vol.49 , pp. 279-285
    • Ligot, L.1    Diallo, I.2    Shamsaldin, A.3    Chavaudra, J.4    Bonaîti-Pellié, A.5    Vathaire, F.6
  • 27
    • 0037614806 scopus 로고
    • The EGS4 code system SLAC-265 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,USA
    • Nelson W R, Hirayama H and Rogers D W O 1985 The EGS4 code system SLAC-265 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,USA
    • (1985)
    • Nelson, W.R.1    Hirayama, H.2    Rogers, D.W.O.3
  • 28
    • 0031696480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voxel anthropomorphic models as a tool for internal dosimetry
    • Petoussi-Henss N and Zankl M 1999 Voxel anthropomorphic models as a tool for internal dosimetry Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 79 415-8
    • (1999) Radiat. Prot. Dosim. , vol.79 , pp. 415-418
    • Petoussi-Henss, N.1    Zankl, M.2
  • 31
    • 0038290292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms
    • (webpage
    • Sjogreen K 1998 The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms (webpage: http://noodle.med.yale.edu/phantom)
    • (1998)
    • Sjogreen, K.1
  • 32
    • 0033851177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of internal radiation doses estimated by MIRD and voxel techniques for a 'family' of phantoms
    • Smith T, Petoussi-Henss N and Zankl M 2000 Comparison of internal radiation doses estimated by MIRD and voxel techniques for a 'family' of phantoms Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 27 1387-98
    • (2000) Eur. J. Nucl. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 1387-1398
    • Smith, T.1    Petoussi-Henss, N.2    Zankl, M.3
  • 33
    • 0035065978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact on internal doses of photon SAFs derived with the GSF adult male voxel phantom
    • Smith T, Phipps A W, Petoussi-Henss N and Zankl M 2001 Impact on internal doses of photon SAFs derived with the GSF adult male voxel phantom Health Phys. 80 477-85
    • (2001) Health Phys. , vol.80 , pp. 477-485
    • Smith, T.1    Phipps, A.W.2    Petoussi-Henss, N.3    Zankl, M.4
  • 34
    • 0003562298 scopus 로고
    • Estimates of absorbed fractions for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed in various organs of a heterogeneous phantom
    • MIRD Pamphlet no 5 (revised) Society of Nuclear Medicine, New York, USA
    • Snyder W S, Ford M R and Warner G G 1978 Estimates of absorbed fractions for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed in various organs of a heterogeneous phantom MIRD Pamphlet no 5 (revised) Society of Nuclear Medicine, New York, USA
    • (1978)
    • Snyder, W.S.1    Ford, M.R.2    Warner, G.G.3
  • 35
    • 0037952719 scopus 로고
    • Revision of MIRD Pamphlet no 5 entitled 'Estimates of absorbed fractions for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed in various organs of a heterogeneous phantom'
    • Report ORNL-4979 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN,USA
    • Snyder W S, Ford M R, Warner G G and Watson G G 1974 Revision of MIRD Pamphlet no 5 entitled 'Estimates of absorbed fractions for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed in various organs of a heterogeneous phantom' Report ORNL-4979 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN,USA
    • (1974)
    • Snyder, W.S.1    Ford, M.R.2    Warner, G.G.3    Watson, G.G.4
  • 36
    • 0002370131 scopus 로고
    • Beta dosimetry in trabecular bone
    • ed C W Mays, W S S Jee, R D Lloyd, B J Stover, J H Dougherty and G Taylor (Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press)
    • Spiers F W 1969 Beta dosimetry in trabecular bone Delayed Effects of Bone-Seeking Radionuclides ed C W Mays, W S S Jee, R D Lloyd, B J Stover, J H Dougherty and G Taylor (Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press) pp 95-108
    • (1969) Delayed Effects of Bone-Seeking Radionuclides , pp. 95-108
    • Spiers, F.W.1
  • 38
    • 0004040187 scopus 로고
    • Mathematical models and specific absorbed fractions of photon energy in the nonpregnant adult female and at the end of each trimester of pregnancy
    • Report No ORNL/TM-12907 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
    • Stabin M, Watson E, Cristy M, Ryman J, Eckerman K, Davis J, Marshall D and Gehlen K 1995 Mathematical models and specific absorbed fractions of photon energy in the nonpregnant adult female and at the end of each trimester of pregnancy Report No ORNL/TM-12907 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
    • (1995)
    • Stabin, M.1    Watson, E.2    Cristy, M.3    Ryman, J.4    Eckerman, K.5    Davis, J.6    Marshall, D.7    Gehlen, K.8
  • 39
    • 0036133473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photon specific absorbed fractions calculated in the trunk of an adult male voxel-based phantom
    • Stabin M and Yoriyaz H 2002 Photon specific absorbed fractions calculated in the trunk of an adult male voxel-based phantom Health Phys. 82 21-44
    • (2002) Health Phys. , vol.82 , pp. 21-44
    • Stabin, M.1    Yoriyaz, H.2
  • 40
    • 0037952761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms
    • (webpage
    • Stuchly M 1996 The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms (webpage: http://noodle.med.yale.edu/phantom)
    • (1996)
    • Stuchly, M.1
  • 41
    • 0024978090 scopus 로고
    • Japanese reference man 1988-IV: Studies on the weight and size of internal organs of normal
    • Tanaka G, Nakahara Y and Nakajima Y 1989 Japanese reference man 1988-IV: studies on the weight and size of internal organs of normal Japanese Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi 49 344
    • (1989) Japanese Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi , vol.49 , pp. 344
    • Tanaka, G.1    Nakahara, Y.2    Nakajima, Y.3
  • 42
    • 0000357029 scopus 로고
    • Vergleich berechneter und gemessener Dosen an einem anthropomorphen
    • Veit R, Panzer W, Zankl M and Scheurer C 1992 Vergleich berechneter und gemessener Dosen an einem anthropomorphen Phantom Z. Med. Phys. 2 123-6
    • (1992) Phantom. Z. Med. Phys. , vol.2 , pp. 123-126
    • Veit, R.1    Panzer, W.2    Zankl, M.3    Scheurer, C.4
  • 43
    • 0004083520 scopus 로고
    • Tomographic anthropomorphic models, Part I: Construction technique and description of models of an 8-week-old baby and a 7-year-old child
    • GSF-Report 3/89 GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
    • Veit R, Zankl M, Petoussi N, Mannweiler E, Williams G and Drexler G 1989 Tomographic anthropomorphic models, Part I: Construction technique and description of models of an 8-week-old baby and a 7-year-old child GSF-Report 3/89 GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
    • (1989)
    • Veit, R.1    Zankl, M.2    Petoussi, N.3    Mannweiler, E.4    Williams, G.5    Drexler, G.6
  • 44
    • 0022698166 scopus 로고
    • The calculation of dose from external photon exposures using reference and realistic human phantoms and Monte Carlo methods
    • Williams G, Zankl M, Abmayr W, Veit R and Drexler G 1986 The calculation of dose from external photon exposures using reference and realistic human phantoms and Monte Carlo methods Phys. Med. Biol. 31 347-54
    • (1986) Phys. Med. Biol. , vol.31 , pp. 347-354
    • Williams, G.1    Zankl, M.2    Abmayr, W.3    Veit, R.4    Drexler, G.5
  • 45
    • 0034110635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VIP-MAN: An image-based whole-body adult male model constructed from colour photographs of the visible human project for multi-particle Monte Carlo calculations
    • Xu X G, Chao T C and Bozkurt A 2000 VIP-MAN: an image-based whole-body adult male model constructed from colour photographs of the visible human project for multi-particle Monte Carlo calculations Health Phys. 78 476-86
    • (2000) Health Phys. , vol.78 , pp. 476-486
    • Xu, X.G.1    Chao, T.C.2    Bozkurt, A.3
  • 46
    • 0033861906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorbed fractions in a voxel-based phantom calculated with the MCNP-4B code
    • Yoriyaz H, Santos A, Stabin M G and Cabezas R 2000 Absorbed fractions in a voxel-based phantom calculated with the MCNP-4B code Med. Phys. 27 1555-62
    • (2000) Med. Phys. , vol.27 , pp. 1555-1562
    • Yoriyaz, H.1    Santos, A.2    Stabin, M.G.3    Cabezas, R.4
  • 47
    • 0037614812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Private communication (e-mail from January 18)
    • Zankl M 2002 Private communication (e-mail from January 18)
    • (2002)
    • Zankl, M.1
  • 48
    • 0003598546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The calculation of dose from external photon exposures using reference human phantoms and Monte Carlo methods. Part VII: Organ doses due to parallel and environmental exposure geometries
    • GSF-Report 8/97 Institut fuer Strahlenschutz, GSF-Forschungszentrum fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit, Neuherberg-Muenchen
    • Zankl M, Drexler G, Petoussi-Henss N and Saito K 1997 The calculation of dose from external photon exposures using reference human phantoms and Monte Carlo methods. Part VII: Organ doses due to parallel and environmental exposure geometries GSF-Report 8/97 Institut fuer Strahlenschutz, GSF-Forschungszentrum fuer Umwelt und Gesundheit, Neuherberg-Muenchen
    • (1997)
    • Zankl, M.1    Drexler, G.2    Petoussi-Henss, N.3    Saito, K.4
  • 49
    • 0037151130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organ dose conversion coefficients for external photon irradiation of male and female voxel models
    • Zankl M, Fill U, Petoussi-Henss N and Regulla D 2002a Organ dose conversion coefficients for external photon irradiation of male and female voxel models Phys. Med. Biol. 47 2367-86
    • (2002) Phys. Med. Biol. , vol.47 , pp. 2367-2386
    • Zankl, M.1    Fill, U.2    Petoussi-Henss, N.3    Regulla, D.4
  • 50
    • 0003554384 scopus 로고
    • Tomographic anthropomorphic models. Part II: Organ doses from computed tomographic examinations in paediatric radiology
    • GSF-Bericht 30/93 Institut für Strahlenschutz GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Neuherberg-Muenchen
    • Zankl M, Panzer W and Drexler G 1993 Tomographic anthropomorphic models. Part II: Organ doses from computed tomographic examinations in paediatric radiology GSF-Bericht 30/93 Institut für Strahlenschutz GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Neuherberg-Muenchen
    • (1993)
    • Zankl, M.1    Panzer, W.2    Drexler, G.3
  • 51
    • 0033822481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculation of patient doses using a human voxel phantom of variable diameter
    • Zankl M, Panzer W and Herrmann C 2000 Calculation of patient doses using a human voxel phantom of variable diameter Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 90 155-8
    • (2000) Radiat. Prot. Dosim. , vol.90 , pp. 155-158
    • Zankl, M.1    Panzer, W.2    Herrmann, C.3
  • 52
    • 0007844725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tomographic anthropomorphic models: Part 4. Organ doses for adults due to idealized external photon exposures
    • GSF-Report 13/02 GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
    • Zankl M, Petoussi-Henss N, Fill U and Regulla D 2002b Tomographic anthropomorphic models: Part 4. Organ doses for adults due to idealized external photon exposures GSF-Report 13/02 GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
    • (2002)
    • Zankl, M.1    Petoussi-Henss, N.2    Fill, U.3    Regulla, D.4
  • 53
    • 0034959155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adult male voxel model 'Golem' segmented from whole-body CT patient data
    • Zankl M and Wittmann A 2001 The adult male voxel model 'Golem' segmented from whole-body CT patient data. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 40 153-62
    • (2001) Radiat. Environ. Biophys. , vol.40 , pp. 153-162
    • Zankl, M.1    Wittmann, A.2
  • 54
    • 0038629034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms
    • (webpage
    • Zubal I G 2001 The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms (webpage: http://noodle.med.yale.edu/phantom)
    • (2001)
    • Zubal, I.G.1
  • 55
    • 0346607118 scopus 로고
    • Two dedicated software, voxel-based, anthropomorphic (torso and head) phantoms
    • Proc. Int. Workshop on Voxel Phantom Development (National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, UK, 6-7 July, 1995)
    • Zubal I G, Harrell C R, Smith E O and Smith A L 1995 Two dedicated software, voxel-based, anthropomorphic (torso and head) phantoms Proc. Int. Workshop on Voxel Phantom Development (National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, UK, 6-7 July, 1995)
    • (1995)
    • Zubal, I.G.1    Harrell, C.R.2    Smith, E.O.3    Smith, A.L.4
  • 56
    • 0038629033 scopus 로고
    • High resolution, MRI-based, segmented, computerized head phantom. The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms
    • (webpage
    • Zubal I G, Harrell C R, Smith E O, Smith A L and Krischlunas P 1994b High resolution, MRI-based, segmented, computerized head phantom. The Zubal phantom data, voxel-based anthropomorphic phantoms (webpage: http://noodle.med.yale.edu/phantom)
    • (1994)
    • Zubal, I.G.1    Harrell, C.R.2    Smith, E.O.3    Smith, A.L.4    Krischlunas, P.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.