Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and its determinants among the rural pre-school children of Madhya Pradesh, India

Annals of Human Biology

Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 131-136

  Arlappa, N ^a   Balakrishna, N ^a   Laxmaiah, A ^a   Raghu, Pullakhandam ^a   Vikas Rao, V ^a   Madhavan Nair, K ^a   Brahmam, G N V ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NUTRITION   (India)

Author keywords

Bitot's spots; Pre school children; VAD; Vitamin A deficiency

Indexed keywords

RETINOL;

AGE CLASS; BLOOD; CHILD HEALTH; DISEASE PREVALENCE; HEALTH RISK; RURAL AREA; SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS; VITAMIN DEFICIENCY;

ARTICLE; BLOOD; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FEMALE; HEALTH; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMAN; INDIA; INFANT; MALE; NIGHT BLINDNESS; NUTRITION; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; PUBLIC HEALTH; RETINOL DEFICIENCY; SOCIOECONOMICS;

CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMANS; INDIA; INFANT; MALE; NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMS; NIGHT BLINDNESS; NUTRITION SURVEYS; PREVALENCE; RURAL HEALTH; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY;

INDIA; MADHYA PRADESH;

EID: 79551487055     PISSN: 03014460     EISSN: 14645033     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2010.498794     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Allen L, de Benoist B, Dary O, Hurrell R. 2006. Guidelines on food fortification with micronutrients. Geneva: WHO.
2. Arlappa N, Laxmaiah A, Balakrishna N, Harikumar R, Brahmam GNV. 2008. Clinical and sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency among rural pre-school children of Maharashtra, India. Ann Hum Biol 35: 606-614.
3. Bowley A. 2008. Alliances against hunger. Editorial Nutriview 4. p 2.
4. Craft NE, Bulex J, Valdez C, Li Y, Solmons NW. 2000a. Retinol concentration in capillary dried blood spots from healthy volunteers: Method validation. Am J Clin Nutr 72:450-454.
5. Craft NE, Haitema T, Brindle LK, Yamini S, Humphrey JH,West KP, Jr. 2000b. Retinol analysis in dried blood spot by HPLC. J Nutr 130: 882-885.
6. Dole K, Gilbert C, Deshpande M, Khandekar R. 2009. Prevalence and determinants of xerophthalmia in preschool children in urban slums, Pune, India-a preliminary assessment. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 16:8-14.
7. Dwivedi SN, Banerjee N, Yadav OP. 1992. Malnutrition among children in an urban Indian slum and its associations. Indian J Matern Child Health 3:79-81.
8. Edem DO. 2009. Vitamin A: A review. Asian J Clin Nutr 1:65-82.
9. Gorstein J, Bhaskaram P, Khanum S, Hussaini R, Balakrishna N, Goodman TS. 2003a. Safety and impact of vitamin A supplementation delivered with oral polio vaccine as part of the immunization campaign in Orissa, India. Food Nutr Bull 24:319-331.
10. Gorstein J, Shreshtra RK, Pandey S, Adhikari RK, Pradhan A. 2003b. Current status of vitamin A deficiency and the National Vitamin A Control Program in Nepal: Results of the 1998 National Micronutrient Status Survey. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 12:96-103.
11. Grotto I, Mimouni M, Gdalevich M, Mimouni D. 2003. Vitamin A supplementation and childhood morbidity from diarrhoea and respiratory infections: A meta analysis. J Pediatr 142:297-304.
12. Gupta P, Indrayan A. 2003. Effect of vitamin A supplementation on childhood morbidity and mortality: Critical review of Indian studies. Indian J Paediatr 39:1099-1118.
13. IIPS (International Institute for Population Sciences). 1998-1999. National Family and Health Survey - II. Mumbai, India. Islam MN, Yusuf HKM. 1992. Socio-economic correlates of child night blindness in coastal areas of Bangladesh: A critical analysis. Ecol Food Nutr 28:149-156.
14. Jiang J, Toschke AM, Von Kries R, Koletzko B, Lin L. 2006. Vitamin A status among children in China. Public Health Nutr 9:955-960.
15. Mahawithanage ST, Kannangara KK, Wickremasinghe R, Chandrika UG, Jansz ER, Karunaweera ND,Wickremasinghe AR. 2007. Impact of Vitamin A supplementation on health status and absenteeism of school children in Sri Lanka. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 16:94-102.
16. Maziya-Dixon BB, Akinyele IO, Sanusi RA, Oguntona TE, Nokoe SK, Harris EW. 2006. Vitamin A deficiency is prevalent in children less than 5 y of age in Nigeria. J Nutr 136:2255-2261.
17. Nelson E,Williams C, GrahamN. 2004. Infectious disease epidemiology: Theory and practice. Nutrition and infectious diseases. Massachusetts, USA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p 289-291.
18. NNMB (National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau). 1999. Repeat surveys report no. 18. National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research. Hyderabad, India.
19. NNMB (National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau). 2002. Diet and nutritional status of rural population report no. 21. National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research. Hyderabad, India.
20. NNMB (National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau). 2003. Prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies, report no. 22. National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research. Hyderabad, India.
21. NSSO (National Sample Survey Organization). 1998. 54th round of consumer expenditure survey, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. Government of India, New Delhi.
22. Rakhi D, Lalit D, Rajesh KJ, Catherine AM, Gullapalli NR. 2001. Awareness of eye diseases in an urban population in southern India. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 79.
23. Rose JS. 1996. Derivation of relative risk of child mortality due to vitamin Adeficiency. PROFILESworking notes series no. 2. Academy for Educational Development (AED). Washington DC, USA.
24. Sivakumar B, Nair KM, Sreeramulu D, Suryanarayana P, Ravinder P, Shatrugna V, Kumar PA, Raghunath M, Rao VV, Balakrishna N, Kumar PU, Raghuramulu N. 2006. Effect of micronutrient supplement on health and nutritional status of school children: Biochemical status. Nutrition 22(Suppl):S15-S25. (Pubitemid 43106679)
25. Sommer A, Joanne Katz MS, Tarwoto I. 1984. Increased risk of respiratory disease and diarrhoea in children with pre-existing mild vitamin A deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 40:1090-1095.
26. Sommer A, West KP, Jr. 1996. Vitamin A deficiency. Health and survival and vision. New York: Oxford University. SPSS Inc. 2005. The SPSS guide to data analysis (Release 15.0). USA: Chicago.
27. Stein AJ, Qaim M. 2007. The human and economic cost of hidden hunger. Food and Nutr Bulle 28:125-134.
28. Swamy HM, Thakur JS, Bhatia SPS. 2002. Mass supplementation of vitamin A linked to national immunization day. Indian J Paed 69: 675-678.
29. Swamy HM, Thakur JS, Bhatia SPS. 2007. Impact of mass supplementation of vitamin A. Indian J of Paed 74:443-447.
30. Thurnham DI,McCabe GP, Northrop-Clewes CA, Nestle P. 2003. Effect of sub clinical infection on plasma concentrations and assessment of prevalence of vitamin A deficiency: Meta analysis. Lanct 362: 2052-2058.
31. Toteja GS, Padam Singh, Dhillon BS, Saxena BN. 2002. Vitamin A deficiency disorders in 16 districts of India. Indian J Paed 69: 603-605.
32. Vijayaraghavam K. 2006. Randomized study of effect of different doses of vitamin childhood morbidity and mortality-claming benefit when there is none. Editorial. Indian J Med Res 123:583-586.
33. Villamor E, Fawzi WW. 2005. Effect of vitamin A supplementation on immune responses and correlation with clinical outcomes. Clin Microbial Rev 18:446-464.
34. West KP Jr. 2002. Extent of vitamin A deficiency among preschool children and women of reproductive age. J Nutr 132:2857S-2866S.
35. WHO (World Health Organization). 1996. Indicators for assessing vitamin A deficiency and their application in monitoring and evaluating intervention programmes. Geneva: WHO.
36. World Bank. 1994. Enriching lives: Overcoming vitamin and mineral malnutrition in developing countries. Washington, DC: World Bank. Available online at: http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/hnp/nutrition/enrich.htm, accessed 2 March 2007.
37. Yip R. 2000. Significance of an abnormally low or high hemoglobin concentration during pregnancy: Special consideration of iron nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 72:272-279.