The Simple Triage Scoring System (STSS) successfully predicts mortality and critical care resource utilization in H1N1 pandemic flu: A retrospective analysis

Critical Care

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2011, Pages

  Adeniji, Kayode A ^a   Cusack, Rebecca ^a  

^a SOUTHAMPTON GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; BRONCHOPNEUMONIA; COMORBIDITY; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; INFLUENZA A (H1N1); INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LOBAR PNEUMONIA; LUNG EDEMA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCORING SYSTEM; SIMPLE TRIAGE SCORING SYSTEM; THORAX RADIOGRAPHY; VALIDATION STUDY; ADOLESCENT; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; INFLUENZA; INFLUENZA VIRUS A H1N1; INTENSIVE CARE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PANDEMIC; REPRODUCIBILITY; STATISTICS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED KINGDOM; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; CRITICAL CARE; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HEALTH RESOURCES; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; INFLUENZA A VIRUS, H1N1 SUBTYPE; INFLUENZA, HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PANDEMICS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TRIAGE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79251571126     PISSN: 13648535     EISSN: 1466609X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/cc10001     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Robertson-Steel I. Evolution of triage systems. Emerg Med J 2006, 23:154-155. 10.1136/emj.2005.030270, 2564046, 16439754.
2. Repine TB, Lisagor P, Cohen DJ. The dynamics and ethics of triage: rationing care in hard times. Mil Med 2005, 170:505-509.
3. Smith GJ, Vijaykrishna D, Bahl J, Lycett SJ, Worobey M, Pybus OG, Ma SK, Cheung CL, Raghwani J, Bhatt S, Peiris JS, Guan Y, Rambaut A. Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1 influenza A epidemic. Nature 2009, 459:1122-1125. 10.1038/nature08182, 19516283.
4. World Health Organization Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 - update 9. World Health Organization., http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_03_12/en/index.html
5. Ercole A, Taylor BL, Rhodes A, Menon DK. Modelling the impact of an influenza A/H1N1 pandemic on critical care demand from early pathogenicity data: the case for sentinel reporting. Anaesthesia 2009, 64:937-941. 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.06070.x, 19645759.
6. Beigel JH, Farrar J, Han AM, Hayden FG, Hyer R, de Jong MD, Lochindarat S, Nguyen TK, Nguyen TH, Tran TH, Nicoll A, Touch S, Yuen KY, . Writing Committee of the World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation on Human Influenza A/H5 Avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in humans. N Engl J Med 2005, 353:1374-1385. 10.1056/NEJMra052211, 16192482, Writing Committee of the World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation on Human Influenza A/H5.
7. Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, Willatts S, De Mendonça A, Bruining H, Reinhart CK, Suter PM, Thijs LG. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 1996, 22:707-710. 10.1007/BF01709751, 8844239.
8. Christian MD, Hawryluck L, Wax RS, Cook T, Lazar NM, Herridge MS, Muller MP, Gowans DR, Fortier W, Burkle FM. Development of a triage protocol for critical care during an influenza pandemic. CMAJ 2006, 175:1377-1381. 1635763, 17116904.
9. Christian M, Hamielec C, Lazar N, Wax R, Griffith L, Herridge M, Lee D, Cook DJ. A retrospective cohort pilot study to evaluate a triage tool for use in a pandemic. Crit Care 2009, 13:R170. 10.1186/cc8146, 2784402, 19874595.
10. Ferreira FL, Bota DP, Bross A, Melot C, Vincent J. Serial evaluation of the SOFA score to predict outcome in critically ill patients. JAMA 2001, 286:1754-1758. 10.1001/jama.286.14.1754, 11594901.
11. Moreno R, Vincent JL, Matos R, Mendonça A, Cantraine F, Thijs L, Sprung C, Antonelli M, Bruining H, Willatts S. The use of maximum SOFA score to quantify organ dysfunction/failure in intensive care. Results of a prospective, multicentre study. Working Group on Sepsis related Problems of the ESICM. Intensive Care Med 1999, 25:686-696. 10.1007/s001340050931, 10470572.
12. Khan Z, Hulme J, Sherwood N. An assessment of the validity of SOFA score based triage in H1N1 critically ill patients during an influenza pandemic. Anaesthesia 2009, 64:1283-1288. 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.06135.x, 19860754.
13. Guest T, Tantam G, Donlin N, Tantam K, McMillan H, Tillyard A. An observational cohort study of triage for critical care provision during pandemic influenza: 'clipboard physicians' or 'evidenced based medicine'?. Anaesthesia 2009, 64:1199-1206. 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.06084.x, 19825055.
14. Talmor D, Jones AE, Rubinson L, Howell MD, Shapiro NI. Simple triage scoring system predicting death and the need for critical care resources for use during epidemics. Crit Care Med 2007, 35:1251-1256. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000262385.95721.CC, 17417099.
15. Pandharipande PP, Shintani AK, Hagerman HE, St Jacques PJ, Rice TW, Sanders NW, Ware LB, Bernard GR, Ely EW. Derivation and validation of Spo2/Fio2 ratio to impute for Pao2/Fio2 ratio in the respiratory component of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Crit Care Med 2009, 37:1317-1321. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819cefa9, 19242333.
16. Zweig MH, Campbell G. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine. Clin Chem 1993, 39:561-577.
17. Tillyard A. Reorganising the pandemic triage processes to ethically maximise individuals' best interests. Intensive Care Med 2010, 36:1966-1971. 10.1007/s00134-010-1986-2, 20689927.
18. Challen K, Bentley A, Bright J, Walter D. Clinical review: mass casualty triage - pandemic influenza and critical care. Crit Care 2007, 11:212-212. 10.1186/cc5732, 2206465, 17490495.
19. Department of Health Pandemic flu: managing demand and capacity in health care organisations (surge). Department of Health., http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_098769
20. Christian MD, Joynt GM, Hick JL, Colvin J, Danis M, Sprung CL. Chapter 7. Critical care triage. Recommendations and standard operating procedures for intensive care unit and hospital preparations for an influenza epidemic or mass disaster. Intensive Care Med 2010, 36(Suppl 1):S55-S64. 10.1007/s00134-010-1765-0, 20213422.
21. Sprung CL, Zimmerman JL, Christian MD, Joynt GM, Hick JL, Taylor B, Richards GA, Sandrock C, Cohen R, Adini B, . European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Task Force for Intensive Care Unit Triage during an Influenza Epidemic or Mass Disaster Recommendations for intensive care unit and hospital preparations for an influenza epidemic or mass disaster: summary report of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine's Task Force for intensive care unit triage during an influenza epidemic or mass disaster. Intensive Care Med 2010, 36:428-443. 10.1007/s00134-010-1759-y, 20135090, European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Task Force for Intensive Care Unit Triage during an Influenza Epidemic or Mass Disaster.
22. Hick J, Rubinson L, O'Laughlin D, Farmer JC. Clinical review: allocating ventilators during large-scale disasters - problems, planning, and process. Crit Care 2007, 11:217. 10.1186/cc5929, 2206420, 17601354.
23. Zygun DA, Laupland KB, Fick GH, Sandham JD, Doig CJ. Limited ability of SOFA and MOD scores to discriminate outcome: a prospective evaluation in 1,436 patients. Can J Anaesth 2005, 52:302-308. 10.1007/BF03016068, 15753504.
24. Bautista E, Chotpitayasunondh T, Gao Z, Harper SA, Shaw M, Uyeki TM, Zaki SR, Hayden FG, Hui DS, Kettner JD, Kumar A, Lim M, Shindo N, Penn C, Nicholson KG. Writing Committee of the WHO Consultation on Clinical Aspects of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza Clinical aspects of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. N Engl J Med 2010, 362:1708-1719. 10.1056/NEJMra1000449, 20445182, Writing Committee of the WHO Consultation on Clinical Aspects of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza.
25. Kumar A, Zarychanski R, Pinto R, Cook DJ, Marshall J, Lacroix J, Stelfox T, Bagshaw S, Choong K, Lamontagne F, Turgeon AF, Lapinsky S, Ahern SP, Smith O, Siddiqui F, Jouvet P, Khwaja K, McIntyre L, Menon K, Hutchison J, Hornstein D, Joffe A, Lauzier F, Singh J, Karachi T, Wiebe K, Olafson K, Ramsey C, Sharma S, Dodek P, Meade M, et al. Critically ill patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection in Canada. JAMA 2009, 302:1872-1879. 10.1001/jama.2009.1496, 19822627.
26. Webb SA, Pettilä V, Seppelt I, Bellomo R, Bailey M, Cooper DJ, Cretikos M, Davies AR, Finfer S, Harrigan PW, Hart GK, Howe B, Iredell JR, McArthur C, Mitchell I, Morrison S, Nichol AD, Paterson DL, Peake S, Richards B, Stephens D, Turner A, Yung M. ANZIC Influenza Investigators Critical care services and 2009 H1N1 influenza in Australia and New Zealand. N Engl J Med 2009, 361:1925-1934. 10.1056/NEJMoa0908481, 19815860, ANZIC Influenza Investigators.
27. Tourtier J, Auroy Y. Triage tools errors. Crit Care Med 2010, 38:1500-1501. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181d8be7f, 20502150.