Race/Ethnicity, Color-Blind Racial Attitudes, and Multicultural Counseling Competence: The Moderating Effects of Multicultural Counseling Training

Journal of Counseling Psychology

Volumn 58, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 72-82

  Chao, Ruth Chu Lien ^a   Wei, Meifen ^a   Good, Glenn E ^b   Flores, Lisa Y ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DENVER   (United States)

^b Iowa State University   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

Author keywords

Color blind racial attitudes; Ethnic minority trainees; Multicultural counseling competence; Multicultural training; White trainees

Indexed keywords

ACHIEVEMENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AWARENESS; CAUCASIAN; COMPARATIVE STUDY; COUNSELING; CULTURAL COMPETENCE; CURRICULUM; EDUCATION; ETHNIC GROUP; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MINORITY GROUP; PERSONALITY TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SOCIAL DESIRABILITY; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

ACHIEVEMENT; ADULT; AGED; AWARENESS; COUNSELING; CULTURAL COMPETENCY; CURRICULUM; ETHNIC GROUPS; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MINORITY GROUPS; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; PREJUDICE; PROFESSIONAL-PATIENT RELATIONS; SOCIAL DESIRABILITY; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79251558455     PISSN: 00220167     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0022091     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Aiken L.S., West S.G. Multiple regression: Testing and interpretation interactions 1991, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
2. Accreditation handbook 1986, American Psychological Association, Author, Washington, DC.
3. Guidelines on multicultural education, training, research, practice, and organizational change for psychologists. American Psychologist 2003, 58:377-402. American Psychological Association, doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.58.5.377.
4. Arredondo P., Toporek R. Multicultural counseling competencies = ethical practice. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 2004, 26:44-55.
5. Atkinson D.R., Israel T. The future of multicultural counseling competence. Handbook of multicultural competencies in counseling and psychology 2003, 591-606. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. D.B. Pope-Davis, H.I.K. Coleman, W.M. Liu, R.L. Toporek (Eds.).
6. Burkard A.W., Knox S. Effect of therapist color-blindness on empathy and attributions in cross-cultural counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2004, 51:387-397. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.4.387.
7. Castillo L.G., Brossart D.F., Reyes C.J., Conoley C.W., Phoummarath M.J. The influence of multicultural training on perceived multicultural counseling competencies and implicit racial prejudice. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development 2007, 35:243-254.
8. Champoux J.E., Peters W.S. Form, effect size, and power in moderated regression analysis. Journal of Occupational Psychology 1987, 60:243-255.
9. Chaplin W.F. The next generation in moderation research in personality psychology. Journal of Personality 1991, 59:143-178. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00772.x.
10. Cohen J., Cohen P., West S.G., Aiken L.S. Applied multiple regression for the behavioral sciences 2003, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. 2nd ed.
11. Constantine M.G. Multicultural training, theoretical orientation, empathy, and multicultural case conceptualization ability in counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 2001, 23:357-372.
12. Constantine M.G., Ladany N. Measurement of multicultural constructs: Integration and research directions. Handbook of multicultural counseling 2001, 482-493. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. 2nd ed. J.G. Ponterotto, J.M. Casas, L.A. Suzuki, C.M. Alexander (Eds.).
13. D'Andrea M., Daniels J., Heck R. Evaluating the impact of multicultural counseling training. Journal of Counseling & Development 1991, 70:143-150.
14. Dillon F.R., Worthington R.L. The Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Affirmative Counseling Self-Efficacy Inventory (LGB-CSI): Development, validation, and training implications. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2003, 50:235-251. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.50.2.235.
15. Fitzpatrick M.K., Salgado D.M., Suvak M.K., King L.A., King D.W. Associations of gender and gender-role ideology with behavioral and attitudinal features of intimate partner aggression. Psychology of Men & Masculinity 2004, 5:91-102. doi: 10.1037/1524-9220.5.2.91.
16. Frazier P.A., Tix A.P., Barron K.E. Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2004, 51:115-134. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115.
17. Gushue G.V. Race, color-blind racial attitudes, and judgments about mental health: A shifting standards perspective. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2004, 51:398-407. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.4.398.
18. Gushue G.V., Constantine M.G. Color-blind racial attitudes and White racial identity attitudes in psychology trainees. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 2007, 38:321-328. doi: 10.1037/0735-7028.38.3.321.
19. Heine S.J., Lehman D.R. Social desirability among Canadian and Japanese students. Journal of Social Psychology 1995, 135:777-779. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1995.9713982.
20. Helms J. An update of Helm's white and people of color racial identity models. Handbook of multicultural counseling 1995, 181-198. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. J. Ponterotto, J. Casas, L. Suzuki, C. Alexander (Eds.).
21. Hills H.I., Strozier A.L. Multicultural training in APA-approved counseling psychology programs: A survey. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 1992, 23:43-51. doi: 10.1037/0735-7028.23.1.43.
22. King L.A., King D.W. Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale manual 1993, Sigma Assessment System, London, England.
23. Kraut R., Olson J., Banaji M., Bruckman A., Cohen J., Couper M. Report of board of scientific affairs' advisory group on the conduct of research on the Internet. American Psychologist 2004, 59:105-117. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.59.2.105.
24. Manese J.E., Wu J.T., Nepomuceno C.A. The effect of training on multicultural counseling competencies: An exploratory study over a ten-year period. Journal of Multicultural Counseling & Development 2001, 29:31-40.
25. Neville H.A., Lilly R.L., Duran C., Lee R.M., Browne L. Construction and initial validation of the Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale (CoBRAS). Journal of Counseling Psychology 2000, 47:59-70. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.47.1.59.
26. Neville H., Spanierman L., Doan T.-B. Exploring the association between color-blind racial ideology and multicultural counseling competencies. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 2006, 12:275-290. doi: 10.1037/1099-9809.12.2.275.
27. Paulhus D.L. Measurement and control of response bias. Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes 1991, 1:17-59. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. J.P. Robinson, P.R. Shaver, L.A. Wrightsman (Eds.).
28. Paulhus D.L., Reid D.B. Enhancement and denial in socially desirable responding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1991, 60:307-317. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.60.2.307.
29. Ponterotto J.G., Fuertes J.N., Chen E.C. Models of multicultural counseling. Handbook of counseling psychology 2000, 639-669. Wiley, New York, NY. 3rd ed. S.D. Brown, R.W. Lent (Eds.).
30. Ponterotto J.G., Gretchen D., Utsey S.O., Rieger B.P., Austin R. A revision of the Multicultural Counseling Awareness Scale. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development 2002, 30:153-180.
31. Ponterotto J.G., Rieger B.T., Barrett A., Harris G., Sparks R., Sanchez C.M., Magids D. Development and initial validation of the multicultural counseling awareness scale. Multicultural assessment in counseling and clinical psychology 1996, 247-282. Buros Institute of Mental Measurements, Lincoln, NE. G.R. Sodowsky, J.C. Impara (Eds.).
32. Pope-Davis D.B., Ottavi T.M. Examining the association between self-expressed multicultural counseling competencies and demographic variables among counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development 1994, 72:651-654.
33. Pope-Davis D.B., Reynolds A.L., Dings J.G., Nielson D. Examining multicultural counseling competencies of graduate students in psychology. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 1995, 26:322-329. doi: 10.1037/0735-7028.26.3.322.
34. Rooney S.C., Flores L.Y., Mercier C. Making multicultural education effective for everyone. The Counseling Psychologist 1998, 26:22-32. doi: 10.1177/0011000098261002.
35. Schmidt W.C. World-Wide Web survey research: Benefits, potential problems, and solutions. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers 1997, 29:274-279.
36. Smith T.B., Constantine M.G., Dunn T.W., Dinehart J.M., Montoya J.A. Multicultural education in the mental health professions: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2006, 53:132-145. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.132.
37. Sodowsky G.R., Kuo-Jackson P.Y., Richardson M.F., Corey A.T. Correlates of self-reported multicultural competencies: Counselor multicultural social desirability, race, social inadequacy, locus of control racial ideology, and multicultural training. Journal of Counseling Psychology 1998, 45:256-264. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.45.3.256.
38. Sodowsky G.R., Taffe R.C., Gutkin T.B., Wise S.L. Development of the Multicultural Counseling Inventory: A self-reported measure of multicultural competencies. Journal of Counseling Psychology 1994, 41:137-148. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.41.2.137.
39. Spanierman L.B., Poteat V.P., Wang Y.-F., Oh E. Psychosocial costs of racism to White counselors: Predicting various dimensions of multicultural counseling competence. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2008, 55:75-88. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.55.1.75.
40. Sue D.W., Arredondo P., McDavis R.J. Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development 1992, 20:64-88.
41. Sue D.W., Bernier J.E., Durran A., Feinberg L., Pedersen P., Smith E.J., Vasquez-Nuttall E. Position paper: Cross-cultural counseling competencies. The Counseling Psychologist 1982, 19:45-52. doi: 10.1177/0011000082102008.
42. Sue D.W., Sue D. Counseling the culturally different: Theory and practice 1990, Wiley, New York, NY. 2nd ed.
43. Sue D.W., Sue D. Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice 2008, Wiley, New York, NY. 5th ed.
44. Tabachnick B.G., Fidell L.S. Using multivariate statistics 2007, Allyn & Bacon, Boston, MA. 5th ed.
45. Toporek R.L., Pope-Davis D.B. Exploring the relationships between multicultural training, racial attitudes, and attributions of poverty among graduate counseling trainees. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 2005, 11:259-271. doi: 10.1037/1099-9809.11.3.259.
46. Wehling S. Cross-cultural competency through service-learning. Journal of Community Practice 2008, 16:293-315. doi: 10.1080/10705420802255080.
47. West S.G., Aiken L.S., Krull J.L. Experimental personality designs: Analyzing categorical by continuous variable interactions. Journal of Personality 1996, 64:1-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00813.x.
48. Wester S.R. Male gender role conflict and multiculturalism: Implications for counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist 2008, 36:294-324. doi: 10.1177/0011000006286341.
49. Worthington R.L., Mobley M., Franks R.P., Tan J.A. Multicultural counseling competence: Verbal content, counselor attributions, and social desirability. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2000, 47:460-468. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.47.4.460.