Erratum: Introduction. Four degrees and beyond: The potential for a global temperature increase of four degrees and its implications (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (2011) 369 (6-19) DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0303);Four degrees and beyond: The potential for a global temperature increase of four degrees and its implications

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences

Volumn 369, Issue 1934, 2011, Pages 6-19

  New, Mark ^a   Liverman, Diana ^b   Schroder, Heike ^c   Anderson, Kevin ^d,e  

^a TYNDALL CENTRE FOR CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Adaptation; Climate change; Dangerous climate change; Global warming; Impacts; Policy

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL ROBOTS; CLIMATE CHANGE; EMISSION CONTROL; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE GASES; PUBLIC POLICY;

ADAPTATION; ANTHROPOGENIC INTERFERENCE; COPENHAGEN ACCORDS; DANGEROUS CLIMATE CHANGES; ECONOMIC CHALLENGES; GLOBAL TEMPERATURES; IMPACTS; IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION;

GAS EMISSIONS;

CARBON DIOXIDE;

AGRICULTURE; ANIMAL; ASTRONOMY; CHEMISTRY; CLIMATE CHANGE; ECOLOGY; EDITORIAL; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; HUMAN; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; POLICY; RESEARCH; TEMPERATURE; WATER SUPPLY;

AGRICULTURE; ANIMALS; CARBON DIOXIDE; CLIMATE CHANGE; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; EARTH (PLANET); ECOLOGY; GLOBAL WARMING; HUMANS; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; PUBLIC POLICY; RESEARCH; TEMPERATURE; WATER SUPPLY;

EID: 79251489485     PISSN: 1364503X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0351     Document Type: Erratum

References (54)

1. Oppenheimer, M. & Petsonk, A. 2005 Article 2 of the UNFCCC: historical origins, recent interpretations. Clim. Change 73, 195-226. (doi:10.1007/S10584-005-0434-8) (Pubitemid 41627620)
2. Liverman, D. M. 2009 Conventions of climate change: constructions of danger and the dispossession of the atmosphere. J. Hist. Geogr. 35, 279-296. (doi:10.1016/j.jhg.2008.08.008)
3. UNFCCC. 2010 Copenhagen Accord 2010. See http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/ 2009/cop15/eng/l07.pdf.
4. Richardson, K. et al. 2009 Climate change-global risks, challenges & decisions. Synthesis report, Copenhagen University, Denmark.
5. IPCC. 2001 Summary for policymakers. Climate change 2001: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. See http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc-tar/wg2/pdf/ wg2TARspm.pdf.
6. Jordan, A. & Rayner, T. 2010 The evolution of climate policy in the European Union: an historical overview. In Climate change policy in the European Union (eds A. Jordan, D. Huitema, H. van Asselt, T. Rayner & F. Berkhout), pp. 52-80. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
7. Tol, R. S. J. 2007 Europe's long-term climate target: a critical evaluation. Energy Policy 35, 424-432. (doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2005.12.003) (Pubitemid 44597243)
8. Rogelj, J., Hare, B., Nabel, J., Macey, K., Schaeffer, M., Markmann, K. & Meinshausen, M. 2009 Halfway to Copenhagen, no way to 2°C. Nat. Rep. Clim. Change 3, 81-83. (doi:10.1038/climate.2009.57)
9. Meilstrup, P. 2010 The runaway summit: the background story of the Danish presidency of COP15, the UN Climate Change Conference. In Danish foreign policy yearbook 2010 (eds N. Hvidt & H. Mouritzen), pp. 113-135. Copenhagen, Denmark: Danish Institute for International Studies.
10. Bowerman, N. H. A., Frame, D. J., Huntingford, C., Lowe, J. A. & Allen, M. R. 2011 Cumulative carbon emissions, emissions floors and short-term rates of warming: implications for policy. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 45-66. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0288
11. Allen, M. R., Frame, D. J., Huntingford, C., Jones, C. D., Lowe, J. A., Meinshausen, M. & Meinshausen, N. 2009 Warming caused by cumulative carbon emissions towards the trillionth tonne. Nature 458, 1163-1166. (doi:10.1038/nature08019)
12. Anderson, K. & Bows, A. 2011 Beyond 'dangerous' climate change: emission scenarios for a new world. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 20-44. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0290)
13. Rogelj, J., Nabel, J., Chen, C., Hare, W., Markmann, K., Meinshausen, M., Schaeffer, M., Macey, K. & Hohne, N. 2010 Copenhagen Accord pledges are paltry. Nature 464, 1126-1128. (doi:10.1038/4641126a)
14. Davis, S. J., Caldeira, K. & Matthews, H. D. 2010 Future CO2 emissions and climate change from existing energy infrastructure. Science 329, 1330-1333. (doi:10.1126/science.1188566)
15. O'Neill, B. C., Riahi, K. & Keppo, I. 2010 Mitigation implications of midcentury targets that preserve long-term climate policy options. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 1011-1016. (doi:10.1073/pnas.0903797106)
16. Calvin, K., Edmonds, J., Bond-Lamberty, B., Clarke, L., Kim, S. H., Kyle, P., Smith, S. J., Thomson, A. & Wise, M. 2009 2.6: Limiting, climate change to 450 ppm CO2 equivalent in the 21st century. Energy Econ. 31, S107-S120. (doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2009.06.006)
17. Betts, R. A., Collins, M., Hemming, D. L., Jones, C. D., Lowe, J. A. & Sanderson, M. G. 2011 When could global warming reach 4°C? Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 67-84. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0292)
18. Meehl, G. A. et al. 2007 Global climate projections. In Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the 4th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor & H. L. Miller). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
19. Allen, M. R. & Ingram, W. J. 2002 Constraints on future changes in climate and the hydrologic cycle. Nature 419, 224-232. (doi:10.1038/nature01092) .
20. Zhang, X. B., Zwiers, F. W., Hegerl, G. C., Lambert, F. H., Gillett, N. P., Solomon, S., Stott, P. A. & Nozawa, T. 2007 Detection of human influence on twentieth-century precipitation trends. Nature 448, 461-464. (doi:10.1038/nature06025) (Pubitemid 47123524)
21. Sanderson, M. G., Hemming, D. L. & Betts, R. A. 2011 Regional temperature and precipitation changes under high-end (> 4°C) global warming. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 85-98. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0283)
22. Nicholls, R. J., Marinova, N., Lowe, J. A., Brown, S., Vellinga, P., de Gusmao, D., Hinkel, J. & Tol, R. S. J. 2011 Sea-level rise and its possible impacts given a 'beyond 4°C world' in the twenty-first century. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 161-181. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0291)
23. Lenton, T. M., Held, H., Kriegler, E., Hall, J. W., Lucht, W., Rahmstorf, S. & Schellnhuber, H. J. 2008 Tipping elements in the Earth's climate system. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 1786-1793. (doi:10.1073/pnas.0705414105) (Pubitemid 351439417)
24. Boe, J. L., Hall, A. & Qu, X. 2009 September sea-ice cover in the Arctic Ocean projected to vanish by 2100. Nat. Geosci. 2, 341-343. (doi:10.1038/ngeo467
25. Hoegh-Guldberg, O. et al. 2007 Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification. Science 318, 1737-1742. (doi:10.1126/science.1152509)
26. Bjorkman, M. P., Morgner, E., Cooper, E. J., Elberling, B., Klemedtsson, L. & Bjork, R. G. 2010 Winter carbon dioxide effluxes from Arctic ecosystems: an overview and comparison of methodologies. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 24, GB3010. (doi:10.1029/2009GB003667)
27. Huemmrich, K. F., Kinoshita, G., Gamon, J. A., Houston, S., Kwon, H. & Oechel, W. C. 2010 Tundra carbon balance under varying temperature and moisture regimes. J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci. 115, G00102. (doi:10.1029/ 2009JG001237)
28. Cox, P. M., Betts, R. A., Jones, C. D., Spall, S. A. & Totterdell, I. J. 2000 Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model. Nature 408, 184-187. (doi:10.1038/35041539)
29. Lynas, M. 2008 Six degrees: our future on a hotter planet. London, UK: Harper Perennial.
30. Zelazowski, P., Malhi, Y., Huntingford, C., Sitch, S. & Fisher, J. B. 2011 Changes in the potential distribution of humid tropical forests on a warmer planet. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 137-160. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0238)
31. Fung, F., Lopez, A. & New, M. 2011 Water availability in +2°C and +4°C worlds. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 99-116. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010. 0293)
32. Milly, P. C. D., Dunne, K. A. & Vecchia, A. V. 2005 Global pattern of trends in streamflow and water availability in a changing climate. Nature 438, 347-350. (doi:10.1038/nature04312) (Pubitemid 41643949)
33. Vorosmarty, C. J., Green, P., Salisbury, J. & Lammers, R. B. 2000 Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth. Science 289, 284-288. (doi:10.1126/science.289.5477.284) (Pubitemid 30469903)
34. Easterling, W. E. et al. 2007 Food, fibre and forest products. In Climate change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the 4th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds M. L. Parry, O. F. Canziani, J. P. Palutikof, P. J. v. d. Linden & C. E. Hanson), pp. 273-313. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
35. Burke, M. B., Lobell, D. B. & Guarino, L. 2009 Shifts in African crop climates by 2050, and the implications for crop improvement and genetic resources conservation. Glob. Environ. Change 19, 317-325. (doi:10.1016/j. gloenvcha.2009.04.003)
36. Thornton, P. K., Jones, P. G., Ericksen, P. J. & Challinor, A. J. 2011 Agriculture and food systems in sub-Saharan Africa in a 4°C+ world. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 117-136. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0246)
37. Warren, R. 2011 The role of interactions in a world implementing adaptation and mitigation solutions to climate change. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 217-241. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0271)
38. Stafford Smith, M., Horrocks, L., Harvey, A. & Hamilton, C. 2011 Rethinking adaptation for a4°C world. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 196-216. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0277)
39. Liverman, D. & Billett, S. 2010 Copenhagen and the governance of adaptation. Environment 52, 28-36. (doi:10.1080/00139151003761579)
40. Roberts, J. T., Stadelmann, M. & Huq, S. 2010 Copenhagen's climate finance promise: six key questions. IIED briefing 2010. See http://www.iied.org/ pubs/pdfs/17071IIED.pdf.
41. Schreurs, M. A. 2008 From the bottom up: local and subnational climate change politics. J. Environ. Dev. 17, 343-355. (doi:10.1177/1070496508326432)
42. Burch, S. 2009 Transforming barriers into enablers of action on climate change: insights from three municipal case studies in British Columbia, Canada. Glob. Environ. Change 20, 287-297. (doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.11.009)
43. Okereke, C., Bulkeley, H. & Schroeder, H. 2009 Conceptualizing climate governance beyond the international regime. Glob. Environ. Polit. 9, 58-78. (doi:10.1162/glep.2009.9.1.58)
44. Lovell, H., Bulkeley, H. & Liverman, D. 2009 Carbon offsetting: sustaining consumption? Environ. Plan. A 41, 2357-2379. (doi:10.1068/a40345)
45. Bumpus, A. G. & Liverman, D. M. 2008 Accumulation by decarbonization and the governance of carbon offsets. Econ. Geogr. 84, 127-155. (doi:10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.tb00401.x)
46. Satterthwaite, D. 2008 Cities' contribution to global warming: notes on the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions. Environ. Urban. 20, 539-549. (doi:10.1177/0956247808096127)
47. Schroeder, H. & Bulkeley, H. 2009 Global cities and the governance of climate change: what is the role of law in cities? Fordham Urban Law J. XXXVI, 313-359.
48. Betsill, M. & Bulkeley, H. 2004 Transnational networks and global environmental governance: the cities for climate protection program. Int. Stud. Q. 48, 471-493. (doi:10.1111/j.0020-8833. 2004.00310.x) (Pubitemid 38763039)
49. NRC. 2010 Informing an effective response to climate change. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
50. Bianco, N. & Litz, F. 2010 Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the United States using existing federal authorities and state action. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
51. Okereke, C. 2007 An exploration of motivations, drivers and barriers to carbon management: the UK FTSE 100. Eur. Manage. J. 25, 475-486. (doi:10.1016/j.emj.2007.08.002)
52. Launder, B. & Thompson, J. M. T. (eds) 2008 Geoscale engineering to avert dangerous climate change. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A (Theme Issue) 366, 3841-4056.
53. Royal Society. 2009 Geoengineering the climate: science, governance and uncertainty. London, UK: Royal Society.
54. New, M., Liverman, D. & Anderson, K. A. 2009 Mind the gap-policymakers must aim to avoida2°C temperature rise, but plan to adapt to 4°C. Nat. Rep. Clim. Change 3, 143-144. (doi:10.1038/climate.2009.126)