Electromagnetic scattering by a morphologically complex object: Fundamental concepts and common misconceptions

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

Volumn 112, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 671-692

  Mishchenko, Michael I ^a   Tishkovets, Victor P ^b   Travis, Larry D ^a   Cairns, Brian ^a   Dlugach, Janna M ^c   Liu, Li ^a   Rosenbush, Vera K ^c   Kiselev, Nikolai N ^c  

^a NASA GODDARD INSTITUTE FOR SPACE STUDIES   (United States)

^b INSTITUTE OF RADIO ASTRONOMY   (Ukraine)

^c NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE   (Ukraine)

Author keywords

Coherent backscattering; Electromagnetic scattering; Macroscopic Maxwell equations; Multiple scattering; Radiative transfer

Indexed keywords

COHERENT BACKSCATTERING; COMPLEX OBJECTS; CREATIVE THINKING; DISCRETE RANDOM MEDIA; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS; NUMERICAL SOLUTION; PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH; SOLITARY PARTICLES; THEORETICAL TREATMENTS;

BACKSCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE SCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETISM; MAGNETIC MATERIALS; MAXWELL EQUATIONS; MULTIPLE SCATTERING; RADIATIVE TRANSFER;

COHERENT SCATTERING;

BACKSCATTER; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE; NUMERICAL MODEL; RADIATIVE TRANSFER; WAVE SCATTERING;

EID: 78751575867     PISSN: 00224073     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2010.03.016     Document Type: Review

References (113)

1. Keller J.B. Wave propagation in random media. Proc Symp Appl Math 1962, 13:227-246.
2. Dassios G., Kleinman R. Low frequency scattering 2000, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
3. Tishkovets V.P., Mishchenko M.I. Coherent backscattering: conceptions and misconceptions. JQSRT 2010, 111:645-649.
4. Borovikov V.A., Kinber B.Y. Geometrical theory of diffraction 1994, IEE Press, Herts, UK.
5. James G.L. Geometrical theory of diffraction for electromagnetic waves 2007, IET Press, Herts, UK.
6. Stratton J.A. Electromagnetic theory 1941, McGraw-Hill, New York.
7. Mishchenko M.I., Travis L.D., Lacis A.A. Multiple scattering of light by particles: radiative transfer and coherent backscattering 2006, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
8. Mishchenko M.I. Multiple scattering, radiative transfer, and weak localization in discrete random media: unified microphysical approach. Rev Geophys 2008, 46:RG2003.
9. Silver S, editor. Microwave antenna theory and design. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1949.
10. Müller C. Foundations of the mathematical theory of electromagnetic waves 1969, Springer, Berlin.
11. Akhiezer A.I., Peletminskii S.V. Methods of statistical physics 1981, Pergamon Press, Oxford.
12. Umezawa H., Matsumoto H., Tachiki M. Thermo field dynamics and condensed states 1982, North-Holland, Amsterdam.
13. Jackson J.D. Classical electrodynamics 1999, Wiley, New York.
14. Van Bladel J. Electromagnetic fields 2007, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ.
15. Bohm D. Quantum theory 1951, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
16. Kramers H.A. Quantum mechanics 1957, North-Holland, Amsterdam.
17. Bogoliubov N.N., Shirkov D.V. Introduction to the theory of quantized fields 1959, Interscience, New York.
18. Power E.A. Introductory quantum electrodynamics 1964, Longmans, London.
19. Akhiezer A.I., Berestetskii V.B. Quantum electrodynamics 1965, Wiley Interscience, New York.
20. Mandel L., Wolf E. Optical coherence and quantum optics 1995, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
21. Meystre P., Sargent M. Elements of quantum optics 1999, Springer, Berlin.
22. Kidd R., Ardini J., Anton A. Evolution of the modern photon. Am J Phys 1989, 57:27-35.
23. Scully M.O., Sargent M. The concept of the photon. Phys Today 1972, 3:38-47.
24. Lukš A., Peřinová V. Quantum aspects of light propagation 2009, Springer, Berlin.
25. Mishchenko M.I. Gustav Mie and the fundamental concept of electromagnetic scattering: a perspective. JQSRT 2009, 110:1210-1222.
26. Yurkin M.A., Hoekstra A.G. The discrete dipole approximation: an overview and recent developments. JQSRT 2007, 106:558-589.
27. Bohren C.F., Huffman D.R. Absorption and scattering of light by small particles 1983, Wiley, New York.
28. Mishchenko M.I. Broadband electromagnetic scattering by particles. J Opt Soc Am A 2008, 25:2893-2895.
29. Liou K.N., Takano Y., Yang P. Light scattering and radiative transfer in ice crystal clouds: applications to climate research. Light scattering by nonspherical particles 2000, 417-449. Academic Press, San Diego. M.I. Mishchenko, J.W. Hovenier, L.D. Travis (Eds.).
30. Yang P., Liou K.N. Light scattering and absorption by nonspherical ice crystals. Light Scattering Rev 2006, 1:31-71.
31. van de Hulst H.C. Light scattering by small particles 1981, Dover, New York.
32. Newton R.G. Scattering theory of waves and particles 1982, Springer, New York.
33. Nussenzveig H.M. Diffraction effects in semiclassical scattering 1992, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
34. Grandy W.T.Jr Scattering of waves from large spheres 2000, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
35. Adam J.A. The mathematical physics of rainbows and glories. Phys Rep 2002, 356:229-365.
36. Mishchenko M.I., Travis L.D., Lacis A.A. Scattering, absorption, and emission of light by small particles 2002, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 〈http://www.giss.nasa.gov/~crmim/books.html〉.
37. Kahnert F.M. Numerical methods in electromagnetic scattering theory. JQSRT 2003, 79/80:775-824.
38. Wriedt T. Light scattering theories and computer codes. JQSRT 2009, 110:833-843.
39. Muinonen K. Scattering of light by crystals: a modified Kirchhoff approximation. Appl Opt 1989, 28:3044-3050.
40. Mazeron P., Muller S. Light scattering by ellipsoids in a physical optics approximation. Appl Opt 1996, 35:3726-3735.
41. Hesse E., Mc Call D.S., Ulanowski Z., Stopford C., Kaye P.H. Application of RTDF to particles with curved surfaces. JQSRT 2009, 110:1599-1603.
42. Liou K.-N., Hansen J.E. Intensity and polarization for single scattering by polydisperse spheres: a comparison of ray optics and Mie theory. J Atmos Sci 1971, 28:995-1004.
43. Macke A., Mishchenko M.I., Muinonen K., Carlson B.E. Scattering of light by large nonspherical particles: ray tracing approximation versus T-matrix method. Opt Lett 1995, 20:1934-1936.
44. Wielaard D.J., Mishchenko M.I., Macke A., Carlson B.E. Improved T-matrix computations for large, nonabsorbing and weakly absorbing nonspherical particles and comparison with geometrical-optics approximation. Appl Opt 1997, 36:4305-4313.
45. Bi L., Yang P., Kattawar G.W., Kahn R. Single-scattering properties of triaxial ellipsoidal particles for a size parameter range from the Rayleigh to geometric-optics regimes. Appl Opt 2009, 48:114-126.
46. Bi L., Yang P., Kattawar G.W., Kahn R. Modeling optical properties of mineral aerosol particles by using nonsymmetric hexahedra. Appl Opt 2010, 49:334-342.
47. Yurkin M.A., Semyanov K.A., Maltsev V.P., Hoekstra A.G. Discrimination of granulocyte subtypes from light scattering: theoretical analysis using a granulated sphere model. Opt Express 2007, 15:16561-16580.
48. Hansen J.E., Travis L.D. Light scattering in planetary atmospheres. Space Sci Rev 1974, 16:527-610.
49. Mackowski D.W., Mishchenko M.I. Calculation of the T matrix and the scattering matrix for ensembles of spheres. J Opt Soc Am A 1996, 13:2266-2278.
50. Babenko V.A., Astafyeva L.G., Kuzmin V.N. Electromagnetic scattering in disperse media: inhomogeneous and anisotropic particles 2003, Praxis, Chichester, UK.
51. Draine B.T. The discrete dipole approximation for light scattering by irregular targets. Light scattering by nonspherical particles: theory, measurements, and applications 2000, 131-145. Academic Press, San Diego. M.I. Mishchenko, J.W. Hovenier, L.D. Travis (Eds.).
52. Lommel E. Die Photometrie der diffusen Zurückwerfung. Sitzber Acad Wissensch München 1887, 17:95-124.
53. Chwolson O. Grundzüge einer mathematischen Theorie der inneren Diffusion des Lichtes. Bull l'Acad Impériale Sci St Pétersbourg 1889, 33:221-256.
54. Schuster A. Radiation through a foggy atmosphere. Astrophys J 1905, 21:1-22.
55. Apresyan L.A., Kravtsov Yu.A. Radiation transfer. Statistical and wave aspects 1996, Gordon and Breach, Basel.
56. Mishchenko M.I. Vector radiative transfer equation for arbitrarily shaped and arbitrarily oriented particles: a microphysical derivations from statistical electromagnetics. Appl Opt 2002, 41:7114-7134.
57. Mishchenko M.I. Microphysical approach to polarized radiative transfer: extension to the case of an external observation point. Appl Opt 2003, 42:4963-4967.
58. Barabanenkov Yu.N., Kravtsov Yu.A., Ozrin V.D., Saichev A.I. Enhanced backscattering in optics. Progr Opt 1991, 29:65-197.
59. Hansen J.E., Hovenier J.W. Interpretation of the polarization of Venus. J Atmos Sci 1974, 31:1137-1160.
60. Wolf P., Maret G. Weak localization and coherent backscattering of photons in disordered media. Phys Rev Lett 1985, 55:2696-2699.
61. Mishchenko M.I. Polarization effects in weak localization of light: calculation of the copolarized and depolarized backscattering enhancement factors. Phys Rev B 1991, 44:12597-12600.
62. Tishkovets V.P., Mishchenko M.I. Approximate calculation of coherent backscattering for semi-infinite discrete random media. JQSRT 2009, 110:139-145.
63. Yang P., Liou K.N. Finite difference time domain method for light scattering by nonspherical and inhomogeneous particles. Light scattering by nonspherical particles: theory, measurements, and applications 2000, 173-221. Academic Press, San Diego. M.I. Mishchenko, J.W. Hovenier, L.D. Travis (Eds.).
64. Taflove A., Hagness S.C. Computational electrodynamics: the finite-difference time-domain method 2000, Artech House, Boston.
65. Tseng S.H., et al. Simulation of enhanced backscattering of light by numerically solving Maxwell's equations without heuristic approximations. Opt Express 2005, 13:3666-3672.
66. Tseng S.H., et al. Pseudospectral time domain simulations of multiple light scattering in three-dimensional macroscopic random media. Radio Sci 2006, 41:RS4009.
67. Mishchenko M.I., Liu L. Weak localization of electromagnetic waves by densely packed many-particle groups: exact 3D results. JQSRT 2007, 106:616-621.
68. Mishchenko M.I., Liu L., Mackowski D.W., et al. Multiple scattering by random particulate media: exact 3D results. Opt Express 2007, 15:2822-2836.
69. Mishchenko M.I., Liu L., Videen G. Conditions of applicability of the single-scattering approximation. Opt Express 2007, 15:7522-7527.
70. Mishchenko M.I., Liu L., Hovenier J.W. Effects of absorption on multiple scattering by random particulate media: exact results. Opt Express 2007, 15:13182-13187.
71. Tseng S.H., Huang B. Comparing Monte Carlo simulation and pseudospectral time-domain numerical solutions of Maxwell's equations of light scattering by a macroscopic random medium. Appl Phys Lett 2007, 91:051114.
72. Mackowski D.W., Mishchenko M.I. Prediction of thermal emission and exchange among neighboring wavelength-sized spheres. J Heat Transfer 2008, 130:112702.
73. Tseng S.H. Optical characteristics of a cluster of closely-packed dielectric spheres. Opt Commun 2008, 281:1986-1990.
74. Sukhov A., Haefner D., Dogariu A. Coupled dipole method for modeling optical properties of large-scale random media. Phys Rev E 2008, 77:066709.
75. Okada Y., Kokhanovsky A.A. Light scattering and absorption by densely packed groups of spherical particles. JQSRT 2009, 110:902-917.
76. Mishchenko M.I., Liu L. Electromagnetic scattering by densely packed particulate ice at radar wavelengths: exact theoretical results and remote-sensing implications. Appl Opt 2009, 48:2421-2426.
77. Voit F., Schäfer J., Kienle A. Light scattering by multiple spheres: comparison between Maxwell theory and radiative-transfer-theory calculations. Opt Lett 2009, 34:2593-2595.
78. Mishchenko M.I., Dlugach J.M., Liu L., et al. Direct solutions of the Maxwell equations explain opposition phenomena observed for high-albedo solar system objects. Astrophys J 2009, 705:L118-L122.
79. Mishchenko M.I., Dlugach J.M., Liu L. Azimuthal asymmetry of the coherent backscattering cone: exact theoretical results. Phys Rev A 2009, 80:053824.
80. Hovenier J.W., van der Mee C., Domke H. Transfer of polarized light in planetary atmospheres-basic concepts and practical methods 2004, Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
81. Mishchenko M.I. On the nature of the polarization opposition effect exhibited by Saturn's rings. Astrophys J 1993, 411:351-361.
82. Mishchenko M.I., Luck J.-M., Nieuwenhuizen T.M. Full angular profile of the coherent polarization opposition effect. J Opt Soc Am A 2000, 17:888-891.
83. Petrova E., Tishkovets V., Jockers K. Modeling of opposition effects with ensembles of clusters: interplay of various scattering mechanisms. Icarus 2007, 188:233-245.
84. Tishkovets V.P. Light scattering by closely packed clusters: shielding of particles by each other in the near field. JQSRT 2008, 109:2665-2672.
85. Mishchenko M.I., Rosenbush V.K., Kiselev N.N. Weak localization of electromagnetic waves and opposition phenomena exhibited by high-albedo atmosphereless solar system objects. Appl Opt 2006, 45:4459-4463.
86. Lyot B. Recherche sur la polarisation de la lumiere des planetes et de quelques substances terrestres. Ann Obs Meudon VIII 1929, 8:1-161.
87. Franklin F.A., Cook A.F. Optical properties of Saturn's rings. II. Two-color phase curves of the two bright rings. Astron J 1965, 70:704-720.
88. Johnson P.E., Kemp J.C., King R., Parker T.E., Barbour M.S. New results from optical polarimetry of Saturn rings. Nature 1980, 283:146-149.
89. Brown R.H., Cruikshank D.P. The Uranian satellites: surface compositions and opposition brightness surges. Icarus 1983, 55:83-92.
90. Harris A.W., Young J.W., Contreiras L., Dockweiler T., Belkora L., Salo H., et al. Phase relations of high albedo asteroids: the unusual opposition brightening of 44 Nysa and 64 Angelina. Icarus 1989, 81:365-374.
91. Goguen J.O., Hammel H.B., Brown R.H. V photometry of Titania, Oberon and Triton. Icarus 1989, 77:239-247.
92. Thompson D.T., Lockwood G.W. Photoelectric photometry of Europa and Callisto 1976-1991. J Geophys Res 1992, 97:14761-14772.
93. Rosenbush V.K., Avramchuk V.V., Rosenbush A.E., Mishchenko M.I. Polarization properties of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter: observations and preliminary analysis. Astrophys J 1997, 487:402-414.
94. Helfenstein P., Currier N., Clark B.E., Veverka J., Bell M., Sullivan R., et al. Galileo observations of Europa's opposition effect. Icarus 1998, 135:41-63.
95. Rosenbush V.K., Kiselev N.N., Jockers K., Korokhin V.V., Shakhovskoj N.M., Efimov Yu.S. Optical polarimetry of the Galilean satellites, Iapetus, and 64 Angelina near opposition. Kinem Phys Celest Bodies Suppl Ser 2000, 3:227-230.
96. Rosenbush V.K., Kiselev N.N., Shevchenko V.G., Jockers K., Shakhovskoy N.M., Efimov Yu.S. Polarization and brightness opposition effects for the E-type asteroid 64 Angelina. Icarus 2005, 178:222-234.
97. Rosenbush V.K., Kiselev N.N. Polarization opposition effect for the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. Icarus 2005, 179:490-496.
98. Avramchuk V.V., Rosenbush V.K., Bul'ba T.P. Photometric study of the major satellites of Uranus. Solar Syst Res 2007, 41:186-202.
99. Rosenbush V., Shevchenko V., Kiselev N., Sergeev A., Shakhovskoy N., Velichko F., et al. Polarization and brightness opposition effects for E-type asteroid 44 Nysa. Icarus 2009, 201:655-665.
100. Kiselev N., Rosenbush V., Velichko F., Zaitsev S. Polarimetry of the Galilean satellites and Jupiter near opposition. JQSRT 2009, 110:1713-1718.
101. Kolokolova L., Buratti B., Tishkovets V. Impact of coherent backscattering on the spectra of icy satellites of Saturn and the implications of its effects for remote sensing. Astrophys J 2010, 711:L71-L74.
102. Lacis A.A., Chowdhary J., Mishchenko M.I., Cairns B. Modeling errors in diffuse-sky radiation: vector vs. scalar treatment. Geophys Res Lett 1998, 25:135-138.
103. Mishchenko M.I., Dlugach J.M. Accuracy of the scalar approximation in computations of diffuse and coherent backscattering by discrete random media. Phys Rev A 2008, 78:063822.
104. Bohren C.F., Gilra D.P. Extinction by a spherical particle in an absorbing medium. J Colloid Interface Sci 1979, 72:215-221.
105. Videen G., Sun W. Yet another look at light scattering from particles in absorbing media. Appl Opt 2003, 42:6724-6727.
106. Mishchenko M.I. Electromagnetic scattering by a fixed finite object embedded in an absorbing medium. Opt Express 2007, 15:13188-13202.
107. Mishchenko M.I. Multiple scattering by particles embedded in an absorbing medium. 1. Foldy-Lax equations, order-of-scattering expansion, and coherent field. Opt Express 2008, 16:2288-2301.
108. Mishchenko M.I. Multiple scattering by particles embedded in an absorbing medium. 2. Radiative transfer equation. JQSRT 2008, 109:2386-2390.
109. Purcell E.M. On the absorption and emission of light by interstellar grains. Astrophys J 1969, 158:433-440.
110. Frisch U. Wave propagation in random media. Probabilistic methods in applied mathematics 1968, 75-198. Academic Press, New York. A.T. Bharucha-Reid (Ed.).
111. Purcell E.M., Pennypacker C.R. Scattering and absorption of light by nonspherical dielectric grains. Astrophys J 1973, 186:705-714.
112. Yurkin M.A., Maltsev V.P., Hoekstra A.G. Convergence of the discrete dipole approximation. I. Theoretical analysis. J Opt Soc Am A 2006, 23:2578-2591.
113. Mishchenko M.I., Macke A. Asymmetry parameters of the phase function for isolated and densely packed spherical particles with multiple internal inclusions in the geometric optics limit. JQSRT 1997, 57:767-794.