메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 397, Issue 3-4, 2011, Pages 151-166

Using Cl/Br ratios and other indicators to assess potential impacts on groundwater quality from septic systems: A review and examples from principal aquifers in the United States

Author keywords

Aquifers; Chloride bromide ratio; Groundwater quality; Septic tanks; United States

Indexed keywords

CENSUS DATA; CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS; CHEMICAL DATA; CHLORIDE-BROMIDE RATIO; CL-CONCENTRATIONS; DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON; DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS; DOMESTIC WELLS; GLACIAL DEPOSITS; GROUNDWATER QUALITY; HIGH PERMEABILITY; HOUSING UNITS; HYDROGEOLOGIC UNIT; LAND SURFACE; LEACHATES; MASS RATIO; MONITORING WELLS; NITRATE-N; NON-TARGETED; OXIC CONDITIONS; POTENTIAL IMPACTS; SCREENING TOOL; SEPTIC SYSTEM; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; SHALLOW WELLS; SOIL CHARACTERISTICS; STATISTICAL COMPARISONS; SULFATE CONCENTRATIONS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; UNITED STATES; WATER SAMPLES; WELL DEPTH;

EID: 78651369510     PISSN: 00221694     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (188)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 49449093280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using the Cl/Br ratio as a tracer to identify the origin of salinity in aquifers in Spain and Portugal
    • Alcalá F.J., Custodio E. Using the Cl/Br ratio as a tracer to identify the origin of salinity in aquifers in Spain and Portugal. Journal of Hydrology 2008, 359:189-207.
    • (2008) Journal of Hydrology , vol.359 , pp. 189-207
    • Alcalá, F.J.1    Custodio, E.2
  • 2
    • 0025462335 scopus 로고
    • Indicators of chemical pollution from septic systems
    • Alhajjar B.J., Chesters G., Harkin J.M. Indicators of chemical pollution from septic systems. Ground Water 1990, 28:559-568.
    • (1990) Ground Water , vol.28 , pp. 559-568
    • Alhajjar, B.J.1    Chesters, G.2    Harkin, J.M.3
  • 3
    • 0002578991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of bromide:chloride ratios to differentiate potential sources of chloride in a shallow, unconfined aquifer affected by brackish-water intrusion
    • Andreasen D.C., Fleck W.B. Use of bromide:chloride ratios to differentiate potential sources of chloride in a shallow, unconfined aquifer affected by brackish-water intrusion. Hydrogeology Journal 1997, 5:17-26.
    • (1997) Hydrogeology Journal , vol.5 , pp. 17-26
    • Andreasen, D.C.1    Fleck, W.B.2
  • 4
    • 0032213112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of multiple isotope tracers to evaluate denitrification in ground water: study of nitrate from a large-flux septic system plume
    • Aravena R., Robertson W.D. Use of multiple isotope tracers to evaluate denitrification in ground water: study of nitrate from a large-flux septic system plume. Ground Water 1998, 36:975-982.
    • (1998) Ground Water , vol.36 , pp. 975-982
    • Aravena, R.1    Robertson, W.D.2
  • 5
    • 0027560451 scopus 로고
    • Stable isotopes of oxygen and nitrogen identification of nitrate from septic systems
    • Aravena R., Evans M.L., Cherry J.A. Stable isotopes of oxygen and nitrogen identification of nitrate from septic systems. Ground Water 1993, 31:180-186.
    • (1993) Ground Water , vol.31 , pp. 180-186
    • Aravena, R.1    Evans, M.L.2    Cherry, J.A.3
  • 6
    • 0033310769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal correlation of well contamination and septic tank distance
    • Arnade L.J. Seasonal correlation of well contamination and septic tank distance. Ground Water 1999, 37:920-923.
    • (1999) Ground Water , vol.37 , pp. 920-923
    • Arnade, L.J.1
  • 7
    • 0032701769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marker species for identifying urban groundwater recharge sources: a review and case study in Nottingham, UK
    • Barrett M.H., Hiscock K.M., Pedley S., Lerner D.N., Tellam J.H., French M.J. Marker species for identifying urban groundwater recharge sources: a review and case study in Nottingham, UK. Water Research 1999, 33(14):3083-3097.
    • (1999) Water Research , vol.33 , Issue.14 , pp. 3083-3097
    • Barrett, M.H.1    Hiscock, K.M.2    Pedley, S.3    Lerner, D.N.4    Tellam, J.H.5    French, M.J.6
  • 8
    • 33646250644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury in ground water, septage, leach-field effluent, and soils in residential areas, New Jersey coastal Plain
    • Barringer J.L., Szabo Z., Schneider D., Atkinson W.D., Gallagher R.A. Mercury in ground water, septage, leach-field effluent, and soils in residential areas, New Jersey coastal Plain. Science of the Total Environment 2006, 361:144-162.
    • (2006) Science of the Total Environment , vol.361 , pp. 144-162
    • Barringer, J.L.1    Szabo, Z.2    Schneider, D.3    Atkinson, W.D.4    Gallagher, R.A.5
  • 11
    • 0026028809 scopus 로고
    • On-site sewage disposal: the influence of system density on water quality
    • Bicki T.J., Brown R.B. On-site sewage disposal: the influence of system density on water quality. Journal of Environmental Health 1991, 53(5):39-42.
    • (1991) Journal of Environmental Health , vol.53 , Issue.5 , pp. 39-42
    • Bicki, T.J.1    Brown, R.B.2
  • 14
    • 78651374019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aquifer Chemistry and Transport Processes in the Zone of Contribution to a Public-Supply Well in Woodbury, Connecticut, 2002-06. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5051.
    • Brown, C.L., Starn, J.J., Stollenwerk, K., Mondazzi, R.A., Trombley, T.J., 2009. Aquifer Chemistry and Transport Processes in the Zone of Contribution to a Public-Supply Well in Woodbury, Connecticut, 2002-06. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5051, 158pp.
    • (2009) , pp. 158
    • Brown, C.L.1    Starn, J.J.2    Stollenwerk, K.3    Mondazzi, R.A.4    Trombley, T.J.5
  • 15
    • 0027788698 scopus 로고
    • Pollution of groundwater in the Coventry region (UK) by chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents
    • Burston M.W., Nazari M.M., Bishop P.K., Lerner D.N. Pollution of groundwater in the Coventry region (UK) by chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. Journal of Hydrology 1993, 149:137-161.
    • (1993) Journal of Hydrology , vol.149 , pp. 137-161
    • Burston, M.W.1    Nazari, M.M.2    Bishop, P.K.3    Lerner, D.N.4
  • 17
    • 78651351567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration data for anthropogenic organic compounds in ground water, surface water, and finished water of selected community water systems in the United States, 2002-2005. US Geological Survey Data Series 268, (accessed 09.09.09).
    • Carter, J.M., Delzer, G.C., Kingsbury, J.A., Hopple, J.A., 2007. Concentration data for anthropogenic organic compounds in ground water, surface water, and finished water of selected community water systems in the United States, 2002-2005. US Geological Survey Data Series 268, 30pp. <> (accessed 09.09.09). http://pubs.ursg.gov/ds/2007/268/.
    • (2007) , pp. 30
    • Carter, J.M.1    Delzer, G.C.2    Kingsbury, J.A.3    Hopple, J.A.4
  • 18
    • 2542603855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogeochemical and isotopic constraints on the origins of dryland salinity, Murray Basin, Victoria, Australia
    • Cartwright I., Weaver T.R., Fulton S., Nichol C., Reid M., Cheng X. Hydrogeochemical and isotopic constraints on the origins of dryland salinity, Murray Basin, Victoria, Australia. Applied Geochemistry 2004, 19:1233-1254.
    • (2004) Applied Geochemistry , vol.19 , pp. 1233-1254
    • Cartwright, I.1    Weaver, T.R.2    Fulton, S.3    Nichol, C.4    Reid, M.5    Cheng, X.6
  • 19
    • 84980284252 scopus 로고
    • Waterborne disease - a status report emphasizing outbreaks in ground-water systems
    • Craun G.F. Waterborne disease - a status report emphasizing outbreaks in ground-water systems. Ground Water 1979, 17:183-191.
    • (1979) Ground Water , vol.17 , pp. 183-191
    • Craun, G.F.1
  • 20
    • 0009669892 scopus 로고
    • Health aspects of groundwater pollution
    • John Wiley and Sons, New York, G. Bitton, C.P. Gerba (Eds.)
    • Craun G.F. Health aspects of groundwater pollution. Groundwater Pollution Microbiology 1984, 135-179. John Wiley and Sons, New York. G. Bitton, C.P. Gerba (Eds.).
    • (1984) Groundwater Pollution Microbiology , pp. 135-179
    • Craun, G.F.1
  • 21
    • 33751030735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of selected microbial and chemical indicators to detect sewer leakage impacts on urban groundwater quality
    • Cronin A.A., Rueedi J., Morris B.L. The effectiveness of selected microbial and chemical indicators to detect sewer leakage impacts on urban groundwater quality. Water Science and Technology 2006, 54(6-7):145-152.
    • (2006) Water Science and Technology , vol.54 , Issue.6-7 , pp. 145-152
    • Cronin, A.A.1    Rueedi, J.2    Morris, B.L.3
  • 22
    • 0032033019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uses of chloride/bromide ratios in studies of potable water
    • Davis S.N., Whittemore D.O., Fabryka-Martin J. Uses of chloride/bromide ratios in studies of potable water. Ground Water 1998, 36:338-350.
    • (1998) Ground Water , vol.36 , pp. 338-350
    • Davis, S.N.1    Whittemore, D.O.2    Fabryka-Martin, J.3
  • 23
    • 7944222318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations of bromide in potable groundwater in the United States
    • Davis S.N., Fabryka-Martin J.T., Wolfsberg L.E. Variations of bromide in potable groundwater in the United States. Ground Water 2004, 42(6):902-909.
    • (2004) Ground Water , vol.42 , Issue.6 , pp. 902-909
    • Davis, S.N.1    Fabryka-Martin, J.T.2    Wolfsberg, L.E.3
  • 24
    • 0032169166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virus occurrence and transport INA school septic system and unconfined aquifer
    • DeBorde D.C., Woessner W.W., Lauerman B., Ball P.N. Virus occurrence and transport INA school septic system and unconfined aquifer. Ground Water 1998, 36(5):825-834.
    • (1998) Ground Water , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 825-834
    • DeBorde, D.C.1    Woessner, W.W.2    Lauerman, B.3    Ball, P.N.4
  • 25
    • 78651360154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Water-Quality Assessment Program-Source Water Quality Assessments. US Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3069.
    • Delzer, G.C., Hamilton, P.A., 2007. National Water-Quality Assessment Program-Source Water Quality Assessments. US Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3069, 2pp.
    • (2007) , pp. 2
    • Delzer, G.C.1    Hamilton, P.A.2
  • 26
    • 78651364784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of Water from Domestic Wells in Principal Aquifers of the United States, 1991-2004. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5227.
    • DeSimone, L.A., 2009. Quality of Water from Domestic Wells in Principal Aquifers of the United States, 1991-2004. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5227, 127pp.
    • (2009) , pp. 127
    • DeSimone, L.A.1
  • 28
    • 78651374193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the Use of Selected Chemical and Microbiological Constituent as Indicators of Wastewater in Curtain Drains From Home-Sewage-Treatment Systems in Medina County, Ohio. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5183.
    • Dumouchelle, D.H., 2006. Assessment of the Use of Selected Chemical and Microbiological Constituent as Indicators of Wastewater in Curtain Drains From Home-Sewage-Treatment Systems in Medina County, Ohio. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5183, 20pp.
    • (2006) , pp. 20
    • Dumouchelle, D.H.1
  • 29
    • 78651374556 scopus 로고
    • Geohydrology, Ground-Water Quality, and Simulated Ground-Water Flow, Geauga County, Ohio. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4026.
    • Eberts, S.M., Bair, E.S., de Roche, J.T., 1990. Geohydrology, Ground-Water Quality, and Simulated Ground-Water Flow, Geauga County, Ohio. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4026, 117pp.
    • (1990) , pp. 117
    • Eberts, S.M.1    Bair, E.S.2    de Roche, J.T.3
  • 31
    • 85040888992 scopus 로고
    • Methods for Determination of Inorganic Substances in Water and Fluvial Sediments. US Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, (Chapter A1).
    • Fishman, M.J., Friedman, L.C., 1989. Methods for Determination of Inorganic Substances in Water and Fluvial Sediments. US Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, 545pp (Chapter A1).
    • (1989) , pp. 545
    • Fishman, M.J.1    Friedman, L.C.2
  • 33
    • 78651355668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental Factors and Chemical and Microbiological Water-Quality Constituents Related to the Presence of Enteric Viruses in Ground Water from Small Public Water Supplies in Southeastern Michigan. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5219.
    • Francy, D.S., Bushon, R.N., Stopar, Julie, Luzano, E.J., Fout, G.S., 2004. Environmental Factors and Chemical and Microbiological Water-Quality Constituents Related to the Presence of Enteric Viruses in Ground Water from Small Public Water Supplies in Southeastern Michigan. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5219, 54pp.
    • (2004) , pp. 54
    • Francy, D.S.1    Bushon, R.N.2    Stopar, J.3    Luzano, E.J.4    Fout, G.S.5
  • 34
    • 19044378630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting ground water nitrate concentration from land use
    • Gardner K.K., Vogel R.M. Predicting ground water nitrate concentration from land use. Ground Water 2005, 43:343-352.
    • (2005) Ground Water , vol.43 , pp. 343-352
    • Gardner, K.K.1    Vogel, R.M.2
  • 35
    • 0024165316 scopus 로고
    • The role of soil organic matter in the geochemical cycling of chloride and bromide
    • Gerritse R.G., George R. The role of soil organic matter in the geochemical cycling of chloride and bromide. Journal of Hydrology 1988, 101(1-4):83-95.
    • (1988) Journal of Hydrology , vol.101 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 83-95
    • Gerritse, R.G.1    George, R.2
  • 36
    • 34247588156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana
    • Godfrey E., Woessner W.W., Benotti M.J. Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana. Ground Water 2007, 45(3):263-271.
    • (2007) Ground Water , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 263-271
    • Godfrey, E.1    Woessner, W.W.2    Benotti, M.J.3
  • 37
    • 78651356724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deicing Chemicals as a Source of Constituents in Highway Runoff. Washington, DC, Transportation Research Board, Transportation Research Record 1533, National Research Council.
    • Granato, G.E., 1996. Deicing Chemicals as a Source of Constituents in Highway Runoff. Washington, DC, Transportation Research Board, Transportation Research Record 1533, National Research Council, pp. 50-58.
    • (1996) , pp. 50-58
    • Granato, G.E.1
  • 39
    • 78651349773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground Water Protection Council. Ground Water Report to the Nation: A Call to Action, Ground Water Protection Council, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
    • Ground Water Protection Council, 2007. Ground Water Report to the Nation: A Call to Action, Ground Water Protection Council, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 156pp.
    • (2007) , pp. 156
  • 40
    • 0026899994 scopus 로고
    • Predicting ground-water nitrate-nitrogen impacts
    • Hantzsche N.N., Finnemore E.J. Predicting ground-water nitrate-nitrogen impacts. Ground Water 1992, 30(4):490-499.
    • (1992) Ground Water , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 490-499
    • Hantzsche, N.N.1    Finnemore, E.J.2
  • 41
    • 43049161299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems in shallow karst terrain
    • Harden H.S., Roeder E., Hooks M., Chanton J.P. Evaluation of onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems in shallow karst terrain. Water Research 2008, 42(10-11):2585-2597.
    • (2008) Water Research , vol.42 , Issue.10-11 , pp. 2585-2597
    • Harden, H.S.1    Roeder, E.2    Hooks, M.3    Chanton, J.P.4
  • 42
    • 0030284272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts on a sand aquifer from an old septic system: nitrate and phosphorus
    • Harman J., Robertson W.D., Cherry J.A., Zanini L. Impacts on a sand aquifer from an old septic system: nitrate and phosphorus. Ground Water 1996, 34:1105-1114.
    • (1996) Ground Water , vol.34 , pp. 1105-1114
    • Harman, J.1    Robertson, W.D.2    Cherry, J.A.3    Zanini, L.4
  • 44
    • 78651353247 scopus 로고
    • Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural water, third ed. US Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2254.
    • Hem, J.D., 1992, Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural water, third ed. US Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2254, 263pp.
    • (1992) , pp. 263
    • Hem, J.D.1
  • 45
    • 0037209821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloride/bromide ratios in leachate derived from farm-animal waste
    • Hudak P.F. Chloride/bromide ratios in leachate derived from farm-animal waste. Environmental Pollution 2003, 121:23-25.
    • (2003) Environmental Pollution , vol.121 , pp. 23-25
    • Hudak, P.F.1
  • 46
    • 78651358569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground-Water Quality in Geauga County, Ohio-Review of Previous Studies, Status in 1999, and Comparison of 1986 and 1999 Data. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4160.
    • Jagucki, M.L., Darner, R.A., 2001, Ground-Water Quality in Geauga County, Ohio-Review of Previous Studies, Status in 1999, and Comparison of 1986 and 1999 Data. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4160, 60p.
    • (2001) , pp. 60
    • Jagucki, M.L.1    Darner, R.A.2
  • 47
    • 2542461443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of nitrate sources in urban groundwater by isotopic and chemical indicators, Hangzhou City, China
    • Jin Z., Chen Y., Wang F., Ogura N. Detection of nitrate sources in urban groundwater by isotopic and chemical indicators, Hangzhou City, China. Environmental Geology 2004, 45(7):1017-1024.
    • (2004) Environmental Geology , vol.45 , Issue.7 , pp. 1017-1024
    • Jin, Z.1    Chen, Y.2    Wang, F.3    Ogura, N.4
  • 48
    • 78651349296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogeology, Water Chemistry, and Factors Affecting the Transport of Contaminants in the Zone of Contribution of a Public-Supply Well in Modesto, Eastern San Joaquin Valley, California. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5156.
    • Jurgens, B.C., Burow, K.R., Dalgish, B.A., Shelton, J.L., 2008. Hydrogeology, Water Chemistry, and Factors Affecting the Transport of Contaminants in the Zone of Contribution of a Public-Supply Well in Modesto, Eastern San Joaquin Valley, California. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5156, 78p.
    • (2008) , pp. 78
    • Jurgens, B.C.1    Burow, K.R.2    Dalgish, B.A.3    Shelton, J.L.4
  • 49
    • 0019226951 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of nitrogen in shallow ground water beneath sewered and unsewered areas, Nassau County, New York, 1952 through 1976
    • Katz B.G., Lindner J.B., Ragone S.E. Comparison of nitrogen in shallow ground water beneath sewered and unsewered areas, Nassau County, New York, 1952 through 1976. Ground Water 1980, 18(6):607-616.
    • (1980) Ground Water , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 607-616
    • Katz, B.G.1    Lindner, J.B.2    Ragone, S.E.3
  • 50
    • 78651354482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical Characteristics, Water Sources and Pathways, and Age Distribution of Ground Water in the Contributing Area of a Public Supply well Near Tampa, Florida. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5139.
    • Katz, B.G., Crandall, C.A., Metz, P.A., McBride, W.S., Berndt, M.P., 2007. Chemical Characteristics, Water Sources and Pathways, and Age Distribution of Ground Water in the Contributing Area of a Public Supply well Near Tampa, Florida. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5139, 85p.
    • (2007) , pp. 85
    • Katz, B.G.1    Crandall, C.A.2    Metz, P.A.3    McBride, W.S.4    Berndt, M.P.5
  • 53
    • 78651356195 scopus 로고
    • Ground-Water Data-Collection Protocols and Procedures for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Collection and Documentation of Water-Quality Samples and Related data. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-399.
    • Koterba, M.T., Wilde, F.D., Lapham, W.W., 1995. Ground-Water Data-Collection Protocols and Procedures for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Collection and Documentation of Water-Quality Samples and Related data. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-399, 113pp.
    • (1995) , pp. 113
    • Koterba, M.T.1    Wilde, F.D.2    Lapham, W.W.3
  • 55
    • 78651371168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogeology, Chemical-Characteristics, and Transport Processes in the Zone of Contribution of a Public-Supply Well in York, Nebraska. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5050.
    • Landon, M.K., Clark, B.R., McMahon, P.B., McGuire, V.L., Turco, M.J., 2008, Hydrogeology, Chemical-Characteristics, and Transport Processes in the Zone of Contribution of a Public-Supply Well in York, Nebraska. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5050, 149pp.
    • (2008) , pp. 149
    • Landon, M.K.1    Clark, B.R.2    McMahon, P.B.3    McGuire, V.L.4    Turco, M.J.5
  • 56
    • 77952851809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depth-dependent sampling to identify short-circuit pathways to public-supply wells in multiple aquifer settings in the United States
    • Landon M.K., Jurgens B., Katz B.G., Eberts S.M., Burow K.R., Crandall C.A. Depth-dependent sampling to identify short-circuit pathways to public-supply wells in multiple aquifer settings in the United States. Hydrogeology Journal 2009, 18:577-593.
    • (2009) Hydrogeology Journal , vol.18 , pp. 577-593
    • Landon, M.K.1    Jurgens, B.2    Katz, B.G.3    Eberts, S.M.4    Burow, K.R.5    Crandall, C.A.6
  • 57
    • 0031017343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agriculture and nitrate concentrations in Maryland community water system wells
    • Lichtenberg E., Shapiro L. Agriculture and nitrate concentrations in Maryland community water system wells. Journal of Environmental Quality 1997, 26(1):145-153.
    • (1997) Journal of Environmental Quality , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 145-153
    • Lichtenberg, E.1    Shapiro, L.2
  • 58
    • 78651372909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water Quality in Carbonate Aquifers of the United States. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5240.
    • Lindsey, B.D., Berndt, M.P., Katz, B.G., Ardis, A.F., Skach, K.A., 2009. Water Quality in Carbonate Aquifers of the United States. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5240, 117p.
    • (2009) , pp. 117
    • Lindsey, B.D.1    Berndt, M.P.2    Katz, B.G.3    Ardis, A.F.4    Skach, K.A.5
  • 59
    • 78651366315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground-Water Quality and Potential Effects of Individual Sewage Disposal System Effluent on Ground-Water Quality in Park County, Colorado, 2001-2004. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5220.
    • Miller, L.D., Ortiz, R.F., 2007. Ground-Water Quality and Potential Effects of Individual Sewage Disposal System Effluent on Ground-Water Quality in Park County, Colorado, 2001-2004. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5220, 48p.
    • (2007) , pp. 48
    • Miller, L.D.1    Ortiz, R.F.2
  • 60
    • 78651363742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. Effects of Septic Systems on Ground Water Quality, Baxter, Minnesota. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Ground Water Monitoring and Assessment Program, St. Paul, Minnesota.
    • Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, 1999. Effects of Septic Systems on Ground Water Quality, Baxter, Minnesota. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Ground Water Monitoring and Assessment Program, St. Paul, Minnesota, 37p.
    • (1999) , pp. 37
  • 62
    • 78651367234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach to an Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Nation's Ground Water and Drinking-Water Supply Wells. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1452.
    • Moran, M.J., Zogorski, J.S., Rowe, B.L., 2006. Approach to an Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Nation's Ground Water and Drinking-Water Supply Wells. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1452, 36p.
    • (2006) , pp. 36
    • Moran, M.J.1    Zogorski, J.S.2    Rowe, B.L.3
  • 64
    • 78651378467 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the Recharge Area Contributing Water to a Pumped Well in a Glacial-Drift, River-Valley Aquifer. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2338.
    • Morrissey, D.J., 1989. Estimation of the Recharge Area Contributing Water to a Pumped Well in a Glacial-Drift, River-Valley Aquifer. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2338, 41p.
    • (1989) , pp. 41
    • Morrissey, D.J.1
  • 65
    • 78651360695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogeology and Water Quality in a Surficial Aquifer Underlying an Urban Area, Manchester, Connecticut. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4195.
    • Mullaney, J.R., Grady, S.J., 1997. Hydrogeology and Water Quality in a Surficial Aquifer Underlying an Urban Area, Manchester, Connecticut. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4195, 40p.
    • (1997) , pp. 40
    • Mullaney, J.R.1    Grady, S.J.2
  • 66
    • 78651371682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the Source and Transport of High Nitrate Concentrations in Ground Water, Warren Subbasin, California. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4009.
    • Nishikawa, T., Densmore, J.N., Martin, P., Matti, J., 2003. Evaluation of the Source and Transport of High Nitrate Concentrations in Ground Water, Warren Subbasin, California. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4009, 118pp.
    • (2003) , pp. 118
    • Nishikawa, T.1    Densmore, J.N.2    Martin, P.3    Matti, J.4
  • 67
    • 33845796238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability of shallow ground water and drinking water wells to nitrate in the United States
    • Nolan B.T., Hitt K.J. Vulnerability of shallow ground water and drinking water wells to nitrate in the United States. Environmental Science and Technology 2006, 40:7834-7840.
    • (2006) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.40 , pp. 7834-7840
    • Nolan, B.T.1    Hitt, K.J.2
  • 70
    • 78651348528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogeologic Settings and Ground-Water Flow Simulations for Regional Studies of the Transport of Anthropogenic and Natural Contaminants to Public-Supply Wells-Studies Begun in 2001. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 1737-A.
    • Paschke, S.S. (Ed.), 2007. Hydrogeologic Settings and Ground-Water Flow Simulations for Regional Studies of the Transport of Anthropogenic and Natural Contaminants to Public-Supply Wells-Studies Begun in 2001. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 1737-A, 244pp.
    • (2007) , pp. 244
    • Paschke, S.S.1
  • 71
    • 78651362852 scopus 로고
    • Groundwater Pollution From Septic Tank Drainfields-A Report to the Blue Ribbons of the Big Sky Country Areawide Planning Organization. Bozeman, Mont., Dept. of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Montana State University.
    • Peavy, H.S., 1978. Groundwater Pollution From Septic Tank Drainfields-A Report to the Blue Ribbons of the Big Sky Country Areawide Planning Organization. Bozeman, Mont., Dept. of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Montana State University.
    • (1978)
    • Peavy, H.S.1
  • 72
    • 0021711317 scopus 로고
    • Septic tanks, lot size and pollution of water table aquifers
    • Perkins R.J. Septic tanks, lot size and pollution of water table aquifers. Journal of Environmental Health 1984, 46(6):298-304.
    • (1984) Journal of Environmental Health , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 298-304
    • Perkins, R.J.1
  • 73
    • 78651376912 scopus 로고
    • The Relation of Ground-Water Quality to Housing Density, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4093.
    • Persky, J.H., 1986. The Relation of Ground-Water Quality to Housing Density, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4093, 28pp.
    • (1986) , pp. 28
    • Persky, J.H.1
  • 74
    • 0026666514 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient and microbial movement from seasonally-used septic systems
    • Postma F.B., Gold A.J., Loomis G.W. Nutrient and microbial movement from seasonally-used septic systems. Journal of Environmental Health 1992, 55(2):5-10.
    • (1992) Journal of Environmental Health , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 5-10
    • Postma, F.B.1    Gold, A.J.2    Loomis, G.W.3
  • 75
    • 0032432750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry of a septic-system plume in a coastal barrier bar, Point Pelee, Ontario, Canada
    • Ptacek C.J. Geochemistry of a septic-system plume in a coastal barrier bar, Point Pelee, Ontario, Canada. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 1998, 33:293-312.
    • (1998) Journal of Contaminant Hydrology , vol.33 , pp. 293-312
    • Ptacek, C.J.1
  • 76
    • 0027459599 scopus 로고
    • Factors Affecting Area Contributing Recharge to Wells in Shallow Aquifers. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2412.
    • Reilly, T.E., Pollock, D.W., 1993. Factors Affecting Area Contributing Recharge to Wells in Shallow Aquifers. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2412, 21pp.
    • (1993) , pp. 21
    • Reilly, T.E.1    Pollock, D.W.2
  • 77
    • 0029132565 scopus 로고
    • Major ion and trace metal geochemistry of an acidic septic-system plume in silt
    • Robertson W.D., Blowes D.W. Major ion and trace metal geochemistry of an acidic septic-system plume in silt. Ground Water 1995, 33:275-283.
    • (1995) Ground Water , vol.33 , pp. 275-283
    • Robertson, W.D.1    Blowes, D.W.2
  • 78
    • 84875816613 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogeology of an unconfined sand aquifer and its effect on the behavior of nitrogen from a large-flux septic system
    • Robertson W.D., Cherry J.A. Hydrogeology of an unconfined sand aquifer and its effect on the behavior of nitrogen from a large-flux septic system. Applied Hydrogeology 1992, 1:32-44.
    • (1992) Applied Hydrogeology , vol.1 , pp. 32-44
    • Robertson, W.D.1    Cherry, J.A.2
  • 79
    • 84987592811 scopus 로고
    • Ground-water contamination from two small septic systems on sand aquifers
    • Robertson W.D., Cherry J.A., Sudicky E.A. Ground-water contamination from two small septic systems on sand aquifers. Ground Water 1991, 29(1):82-92.
    • (1991) Ground Water , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 82-92
    • Robertson, W.D.1    Cherry, J.A.2    Sudicky, E.A.3
  • 80
    • 0032213084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of phosphate mobility and persistence in 10 septic system plumes
    • Robertson W.D., Schiff S.L., Ptacek C.J. Review of phosphate mobility and persistence in 10 septic system plumes. Ground Water 1998, 36:1000-1010.
    • (1998) Ground Water , vol.36 , pp. 1000-1010
    • Robertson, W.D.1    Schiff, S.L.2    Ptacek, C.J.3
  • 81
    • 18444383990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of chloroform and chlorinated organics by free chlorine-mediated oxidation of triclosan
    • Rule K.L., Ebbett V.R., Vikesland P.J. Formation of chloroform and chlorinated organics by free chlorine-mediated oxidation of triclosan. Environmental Science and Technology 2005, 39:3176-3185.
    • (2005) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.39 , pp. 3176-3185
    • Rule, K.L.1    Ebbett, V.R.2    Vikesland, P.J.3
  • 82
    • 78651352743 scopus 로고
    • SAS Institute Inc. SAS/STAT user's guide, (4th ed.). Cary, NC, SAS Institute Inc.
    • SAS Institute Inc., 1989a. SAS/STAT user's guide, vol. 1 (4th ed.). Cary, NC, SAS Institute Inc., 943pp.
    • (1989) , vol.1 , pp. 943
  • 83
    • 78651374554 scopus 로고
    • SAS Institute Inc. SAS/STAT user's guide, (4th ed.). Cary, NC, SAS Institute Inc.
    • SAS Institute Inc., 1989b. SAS/STAT user's guide, vol. 2 (4th ed.). Cary, NC, SAS Institute Inc., 846pp.
    • (1989) , vol.2 , pp. 846
  • 85
    • 0030241303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiochemical controls on non-conservative anion migration in coarse-textured alluvial sediments
    • Seaman J.C., Bertsch P.M., Korom S.F., Miller W.P. Physiochemical controls on non-conservative anion migration in coarse-textured alluvial sediments. Ground Water 1996, 34(5):778-783.
    • (1996) Ground Water , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 778-783
    • Seaman, J.C.1    Bertsch, P.M.2    Korom, S.F.3    Miller, W.P.4
  • 86
    • 23844503721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 11B to evaluate nitrate contamination in groundwater
    • 11B to evaluate nitrate contamination in groundwater. Applied Geochemistry 2005, 20:1626-1636.
    • (2005) Applied Geochemistry , vol.20 , pp. 1626-1636
    • Seiler, R.1
  • 87
    • 0032902212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caffeine and pharmaceuticals as indicators of waste water contamination in wells
    • Seiler R., Zaugg S.D., Thomas J.M., Howcroft D.L. Caffeine and pharmaceuticals as indicators of waste water contamination in wells. Ground Water 1999, 37(3):405-410.
    • (1999) Ground Water , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 405-410
    • Seiler, R.1    Zaugg, S.D.2    Thomas, J.M.3    Howcroft, D.L.4
  • 88
    • 0025572895 scopus 로고
    • Movement and fate of atrazine and bromide in central Kansas croplands
    • Sophocleous M., Townsend M.A., Whittemore D.O. Movement and fate of atrazine and bromide in central Kansas croplands. Journal of Hydrology 1990, 115(1-4):115-137.
    • (1990) Journal of Hydrology , vol.115 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 115-137
    • Sophocleous, M.1    Townsend, M.A.2    Whittemore, D.O.3
  • 89
    • 0036742872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of classification-tree methods to identify nitrate sources in ground water
    • Spruill T.B., Showers W.J., Howe S.S. Application of classification-tree methods to identify nitrate sources in ground water. Journal of Environmental Quality 2002, 31:1538-1549.
    • (2002) Journal of Environmental Quality , vol.31 , pp. 1538-1549
    • Spruill, T.B.1    Showers, W.J.2    Howe, S.S.3
  • 90
    • 78651353950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors Associated with Sources, Transport, and Fate of Volatile Organic Compounds in Aquifers of the United States and Implications for Ground-Water Management. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5269.
    • Squillace, P.J., Moran, M.J., 2006. Factors Associated with Sources, Transport, and Fate of Volatile Organic Compounds in Aquifers of the United States and Implications for Ground-Water Management. US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5269, 40pp.
    • (2006) , pp. 40
    • Squillace, P.J.1    Moran, M.J.2
  • 91
    • 34247228091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with sources, transport, and fate of volatile organic compounds and their mixtures in aquifers of the United States
    • Squillace P.J., Moran M.J. Factors associated with sources, transport, and fate of volatile organic compounds and their mixtures in aquifers of the United States. Environmental Science and Technology 2007, 41(7):2123-2130.
    • (2007) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.41 , Issue.7 , pp. 2123-2130
    • Squillace, P.J.1    Moran, M.J.2
  • 92
    • 6044269376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VOCs in shallow groundwater in new residential/commercial areas of the United States
    • Squillace P.J., Moran M.J., Price C.V. VOCs in shallow groundwater in new residential/commercial areas of the United States. Environmental Science and Technology 2004, 38:5338-5372.
    • (2004) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.38 , pp. 5338-5372
    • Squillace, P.J.1    Moran, M.J.2    Price, C.V.3
  • 93
    • 0025196698 scopus 로고
    • Atrazine and bromide movement through a silt loam soil
    • Starr J.L., Glotfelty D.E. Atrazine and bromide movement through a silt loam soil. Journal of Environmental Quality 1990, 19(3):552-558.
    • (1990) Journal of Environmental Quality , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 552-558
    • Starr, J.L.1    Glotfelty, D.E.2
  • 94
    • 0034302224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of residential development on ground-water quality near Detroit, Michigan
    • Thomas M.A. The effect of residential development on ground-water quality near Detroit, Michigan. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 2000, 36:1023-1038.
    • (2000) Journal of the American Water Resources Association , vol.36 , pp. 1023-1038
    • Thomas, M.A.1
  • 95
    • 85005500515 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of nitrate-nitrogen in ground water beneath unsewered subdivisions
    • Tinker J.R. An analysis of nitrate-nitrogen in ground water beneath unsewered subdivisions. Ground Water Monitoring Review, Winter 1991, 1991:141-150.
    • (1991) Ground Water Monitoring Review, Winter , vol.1991 , pp. 141-150
    • Tinker, J.R.1
  • 96
    • 78651347459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA. Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual. Environmental Protection Agency Report EPA625/R-00/008.
    • USEPA, 2002. Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual. Environmental Protection Agency Report EPA625/R-00/008, 175pp.
    • (2002) , pp. 175
  • 97
    • 78651357620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USGS, 2006a. National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. <>.
    • USGS, 2006a. National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. <>. http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/index.html.
  • 98
    • 78651356026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USGS. National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Method, Sampling, and Analytical Protocols.
    • USGS, 2006b. National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Method, Sampling, and Analytical Protocols. <>. http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/protocols/methodprotocols.html.
    • (2006)
  • 99
    • 0032168872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloride/bromide and chloride/fluoride ratios of domestic sewage effluents and associated contaminated ground water
    • Vengosh A., Pankratov I. Chloride/bromide and chloride/fluoride ratios of domestic sewage effluents and associated contaminated ground water. Ground Water 1998, 36:815-824.
    • (1998) Ground Water , vol.36 , pp. 815-824
    • Vengosh, A.1    Pankratov, I.2
  • 101
    • 78651357808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground-water quality mapping for the valley-fill aquifers in the southern sanpete and central sevier valleys, central Utah
    • Wallace J. Ground-water quality mapping for the valley-fill aquifers in the southern sanpete and central sevier valleys, central Utah. Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America 2007, 40(6):271.
    • (2007) Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America , vol.40 , Issue.6 , pp. 271
    • Wallace, J.1
  • 102
    • 78651371167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of environmental tracer data to help determine sources of high nitrate ground water in Sanpete and Central Sevier Valleys, central Utah
    • Wallace J. Analysis of environmental tracer data to help determine sources of high nitrate ground water in Sanpete and Central Sevier Valleys, central Utah. Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America 2008, 39(6):476.
    • (2008) Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 476
    • Wallace, J.1
  • 104
    • 0027498743 scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry and isotope chemistry of Michigan Basin brines. Devonian formations
    • Wilson T.P., Long D.T. Geochemistry and isotope chemistry of Michigan Basin brines. Devonian formations. Applied Geochemistry 1993, 8:81-100.
    • (1993) Applied Geochemistry , vol.8 , pp. 81-100
    • Wilson, T.P.1    Long, D.T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.