Crohn's disease: A surgeon's perspective

Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 6-15

  Parray, Fazl Q ^a   Wani, Mohd L ^a   Bijli, Akram H ^a   Thakur, Natasha ^a   Irshad, Ifat ^a   Nayeem ul Hassan, ^a  

^a SHER I KASHMIR INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

Author keywords

Colonoscopy; Crohn's disease; strictureplasty

Indexed keywords

ADALIMUMAB; AZATHIOPRINE; BUDESONIDE; CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL; CYCLOSPORIN; INFLIXIMAB; MERCAPTOPURINE; MESALAZINE; METHOTREXATE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; PREDNISOLONE; SALAZOSULFAPYRIDINE;

ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; ANOREXIA; ANUS; CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY; CLINICAL FEATURE; COLON; COLONOSCOPY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY; CROHN DISEASE; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG BINDING; DUODENUM; DYSPHAGIA; ENTEROGRAPHY; EPISCLERITIS; ERYTHEMA NODOSUM; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INTESTINE ANASTOMOSIS; INTESTINE SURGERY; LAPAROSCOPY; LARGE INTESTINE; MAINTENANCE THERAPY; NAUSEA; ODYNOPHAGIA; PATHOGENESIS; POLYARTERITIS; PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM; RADIOGRAPHY; REMISSION; REVIEW; SACROILIITIS; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SMALL INTESTINE; STOMACH EMPTYING; STRICTUREPLASTY; SURGEON; TREATMENT INDICATION; UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; UVEITIS; VOMITING; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ATTITUDE OF HEALTH PERSONNEL; CROHN DISEASE; HUMANS; PATIENT SELECTION;

EID: 78651280110     PISSN: 13193767     EISSN: 19984049     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.74430     Document Type: Review

References (103)

1. Loftus EV Jr. Clinical epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: Incidence, prevalence, and environmental influences. Gastroenterology 2004;126:1504-17.
2. Sandler RS, Glenn ME. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease. In: Kirsner JB, editor. Inflammatory Bowel Disease, 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2000. p. 89-112.
3. Ekbom A. The epidemiology of IBD: A lot of data but little knowledge. How shall we proceed? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004;10:S32-4.
4. Kirsner JB. Etiologic concepts of inflammatory bowel disease; past, present, and future. In: Michelassi F, Milsom JW, editors. Operative Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. New York, NY: Springer- Verlag; 1999. p. 3-20
5. Sartor RB. Cytokines in intestinal inflammation: Pathophysiology and clinical consideration. Gastroentology 1994;106:533-9.
6. Kleer CG, Appelman HD. Surgical pathology of Crohns disease. Surg Clin North Am 2001;81:13-30.
7. Block GE, Michelassi F, Tanaka M. Crohns disease. Curr Probl Surg 1993;30:173-265.
8. Gasche C, Scholmerich J, Brynskov J. A simple classification of Crohns disease: Report of the Working Party for the World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna 1998. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2000;6:8-15.
9. Steinhart AH, Girgrah N, McLeod RS. Reliability of a Crohns disease clinical classification scheme based on disease behavior. Inflamm Bowel Dis 1998;4:228-34 .
10. Mekhjian HS, Switz DM, Melnyk CS. Clinical features and natural history of Crohns disease. Gastroenterology 1979;77:898-906.
11. Best WR, Becktel JM, Singleton JW. Rederived values of eight coefficients of the Crohns Disease Activity Index(CDAI). Gastroenterology 1979;77:843-6.
12. Yamamoto T, Allan RN, Keighley MR. An audit of gastroduodenal Crohns disease: Clinicopathologic features and management. Scand J Gastroenterol 1999;34:1019-24.
13. Decker GA, Loftus EV Jr, Pasha TM. Crohns disease of the esophagus: Clinical features and outcomes. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2001;7:113-9.
14. Hurst RD, Melis M, Michelassi F. Surgery for Crohns colitis. In: Bayless TM, Hanauer SB, editors. Advanced Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: BC Decker; 2001. p. 495-500
15. Rankin GB, Watts HD, Melnyk CS. National Cooperative Crohns Disease Study: Extraintestinal manifestations and perianal complications. Gastroenterology 1979;77:914-20.
16. Michelassi F, Melis M, Rubin M. Surgical treatment of anorectal complications in Crohns disease. Surgery 2000;128:597-603.
17. Isaacs K. Extra-intestinal manifestations. In: Bayless TM, Hanauer SB, editors. Advanced Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: BC Decker; 2001. p. 267-70.
18. Loftus EV Jr. Management of extraintestinal manifestations and other complications of inflammatory bowel disease. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2004;6:506-13.
19. Mintz R, Feller ER, Bahr RL. Ocular manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004;10:135-9.
20. Nolan DJ. The radiological appearances of small intestinal Crohns disease with the enteroclysis technique. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 1987;50:513-8.
21. Chernish SM, Maglinte DD, OConnor K. Evaluation of the small intestine by enteroclysis for Crohns disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1992;87:696-701.
22. Bernstein CN, Boult IF, Greenberg HM. A prospective randomized comparison between small bowel enteroclysis and small bowel followthrough in Crohns disease. Gastroenterology 1997;113:390-8.
23. Cirillo LC, Camera L, Della Noce M. Accuracy of enteroclysis in Crohns disease of the small bowel: A retrospective study. Eur Radiol 2000;10:1894-8.
24. Rutgeerts P, Vantrappen G, Geboes K. Endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1989;170:12-5.
25. Michelassi F, Stella M, Balestracci T. Incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of enteric and colorectal fistulae in patients with Crohns disease. Ann Surg 1993;218:660-6.
26. Schraut WH, Chapman C, Abraham VS. Operative treatment of Crohns ileocolitis complicated by ileosigmoid and ileovesical fistulae. Ann Surg 1988;207:48-51.
27. Otterson MF, Lundeen SJ, Spinelli KS. Radiographic underestimation of small bowel stricturing Crohns disease: A comparison with surgical findings. Surgery 2004;136:854-60.
28. Kornbluth A, Legnani P, Lewis BS. Video capsule endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease: Past, present, and future. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004;10:278-85.
29. Voderholzer WA, Beinhoelzl J, Rogalla P. Small bowel involvement in Crohns disease: A prospective comparison of wireless capsule endoscopy and computed tomography enteroclysis. Gut 2005;54:369-73.
30. Fishman EK, Wolf EJ, Jones B. CT evaluation of Crohns disease: Effect on patient management. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987;148:537-40.
31. Zalis M, Singh AK. Imaging of inflammatory bowel disease: CT and MR. Dig Dis 2004;22:56-62.
32. Summers RW, Switz DM, Sessions JT Jr. National Cooperative Crohns Disease Study: Results of drug treatment. Gastroenterology 1979;77:847-69.
33. Hanauer SB, Stein RB. Medical therapy. In: Michelassi F, Milsom JW, editors. Operative Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1999. p. 138-49.
34. Harrell LE, Hanauer SB. Mesalamine derivatives in the treatment of Crohns disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2004;33:303-17.
35. Mahadevan U, Sandborn WJ. Clinical pharmacology of inflammatory bowel disease. In: Sartor R, Sandborn WJ, editors. Kirshners Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 6th ed. New York, NY: Saunders; 2004. p. 484-502.
36. Caprilli R, Corrao G, Taddei G. Prognostic factors for postoperative recurrence of Crohns disease. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio del Colon e del Retto (GISC). Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39:335-41.
37. Hanauer SB, Korelitz BI, Rutgeerts P. Postoperative maintenance of Crohns disease remission with 6-mercaptopurine, mesalamine, or placebo: A 2-year trial. Gastroenterology 2004;127:723-9.
38. Lochs H, Mayer M, Fleig WE. Prophylaxis of postoperative relapse in Crohns disease with mesalamine: European Cooperative Crohns Disease Study VI. Gastroenterology 2000;118:264-73.
39. McLeod RS, Wolff BG, Steinhart AH. Prophylactic mesalamine treatment decreases postoperative recurrence of Crohns disease. Gastroenterology 1995;109:404-13.
40. Choi PM, Targan SR. Immunomodulator therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Dig Dis Sci 1994;39:1885-92.
41. Pearson DC, May GR, Fick GH, Sutherland LR. Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine in Crohns disease. A meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:132-42.
42. Targan SR, Hanauer SB, Van Deventer SJ. A short-term study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2 to tumor necrosis factor alpha for Crohns disease. Crohns Disease cA2 Study Group. N Engl J Med 1997;37:1029-35.
43. van Dullemen HM, Van Deventer SJ, Hommes DW. Treatment of Crohns disease with anti-tumor necrosis factor chimeric monoclonal antibody (cA2). Gastroenterology 1995;109:129-35.
44. Fazio VW, Marchetti F, Church M. Effect of resection margins on the recurrence of Crohns disease in the small bowel. A randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg 1996;224:563-71.
45. Kotanagi H, Kramer K, Fazio VW. Do microscopic abnormalities at resection margins correlate with increased anastomotic recurrence in Crohns disease? Retrospective analysis of 100 cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1991;34:909-16.
46. Cameron JL, Hamilton SR, Coleman J. Patterns of ileal recurrence in Crohns disease. A prospective randomized study. Ann Surg 1992;215:546-51.
47. Scott NA, Sue-Ling HM, Hughes LE. Anastomotic configuration does not affect recurrence of Crohns disease after ileocolonic resection. Int J Colorectal Dis 1995;10:67-9.
48. Scarpa M, Angriman I, Barollo M. Role of stapled and hand-sewn anastomoses in recurrence of Crohns disease. Hepatogastroenterology 2004;51:1053-7.
49. Munoz-Juarez M, Yamamoto T, Wolff BG. Wide-lumen stapled anastomosis vs. conventional end-to-end anastomosis in the treatment of Crohns disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:20-5.
50. Tersigni R, Alessandroni L, Barreca M. Does stapled functional end-toend anastomosis affect recurrence of Crohns disease after ileocolonic resection? Hepatogastroenterology 2003;50:1422-5.
51. Hurst RD, Molinari M, Chung TP. Prospective study of the features, indications, and surgical treatment in 513 consecutive patients affected by Crohns disease. Surgery 1997;122:661-7.
52. Bass EM, Del Pino A, Tan A. Does preoperative stoma marking and education by the enterostomal therapist affect outcome? Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:440-2.
53. Erwin-Toth P, Barrett P. Stoma site marking: A primer. Ostomy Wound Manage 1997;43:18-22.
54. Ritchie JK. Ileostomy and excisional surgery for chronic inflammatory disease of the colon: A survey of one hospital region. Gut 1971;12:528-40.
55. Michelassi F, Upadhyay GA. Side-to-side isoperistaltic strictureplasty in the treatment of extensive Crohns disease. J Surg Res 2004;117:71-8.
56. Milsom JW. Strictureplasty and mechanical dilation in strictured Crohns disease. In: Michelassi F, Milsom JW, editors. Operative Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1999. p. 259-67.
57. Fazio VW, Galandiuk S, Jagelman DG. Strictureplasty in Crohns disease. Ann Surg 1989;210:621-5.
58. Michelassi F. Side-to-side isoperistaltic strictureplasty for multiple Crohns strictures. Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39:345-9.
59. Roy P, Kumar D. Strictureplasty. Br J Surg 2004;91:1428-37.
60. Tonelli F, Fedi M, Paroli GM. Indications and results of side-to-side isoperistaltic strictureplasty in Crohns disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47:494-501 .
61. Sampietro GM, Cristaldi M, Maconi G. A prospective, longitudinal study of nonconventional strictureplasty in Crohns disease. J Am Coll Surg 2004;199:8-20
62. Alabaz O, Iroatulam AJ. Comparison of laparoscopically assisted and conventional ileocolic resection for Crohns disease. Eur J Surg 2000;166:213-7.
63. Bauer JJ, Harris MT, Grumbach NM. Laparoscopic-assisted intestinal resection for Crohns disease. Which patients are good candidates? J Clin Gastroenterol 1996;23:44-6.
64. Bemelman WA, Slors JF, Dunker MS. Laparoscopic-assisted vs. open ileocolic resection for Crohns disease. A comparative study. Surg Endosc 2000;14:721-5.
65. Benoist S, Panis Y, Beaufour A. Laparoscopic ileocecal resection in Crohns disease: A case-matched comparison with open resection. Surg Endosc 2003;17:814-8.
66. Canin-Endres J, Salky B, Gattorno F. Laparoscopically assisted intestinal resection in 88 patients with Crohns disease. Surg Endosc 1999;13:595-9.
67. Diamond IR, Langer JC. Laparoscopic-assisted versus open ileocolic resection for adolescent Crohns disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001;33:543-7.
68. Duepree HJ, Senagore AJ, Delaney CP. Advantages of laparoscopic resection for ileocecal Crohns disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2002;45:605-10.
69. Kishi D, Nezu R, Ito T. Laparoscopic-assisted surgery for Crohns disease: Reduced surgical stress following ileocolectomy. Surg Today 2000;30:219-22.
70. Milsom JW, Hammerhofer KA, Bohm B. Prospective, randomized trial comparing laparoscopic vs. conventional surgery for refractory ileocolic Crohns disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:1-8.
71. Msika S, Iannelli A, Deroide G. Can laparoscopy reduce hospital stay in the treatment of Crohns disease? Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:1661-6.
72. Reissman P, Salky BA, Pfeifer J. Laparoscopic surgery in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Surg 1996;171:47-50. (Pubitemid 126349874)
73. Tabet J, Hong D, Kim CW. Laparoscopic versus open bowel resection for Crohns disease. Can J Gastroenterol 2001;15:237-42.
74. Watanabe M, Ohgami M, Teramoto T. Laparoscopic ileocecal resection for Crohns disease associated with intestinal stenosis and ileorectal fistula. Surg Today 1999;29:446-8.
75. Wu JS, Birnbaum EH, Kodner IJ. Laparoscopic-assisted ileocolic resections in patients with Crohns disease: Are abscesses, phlegmons, or recurrent disease contraindications? Surgery 1997;122:682-8.
76. Marshak RH, Maklansky D, Kurzban JD. Crohns disease of the stomach and duodenum. Am J Gastroenterol 1982;77:340-1.
77. Fitzgibbons TJ, Green G, Silberman H. Management of Crohns disease involving the duodenum, including duodenal cutaneous fistula. Arch Surg 1980;115:1022-8.
78. Harold KL, Kelly KA. Duodenal Crohns disease. Probl Gen Surg 1999;16:50-7.
79. Poggioli G, Stocchi L, Laureti S. Duodenal involvement of Crohns disease: Three different clinicopathologic patterns. Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:179-83.
80. Schoetz D. Gastroduodenal Crohns disease. In: Michelassi F, editor. Operative Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1999. p. 389-93.
81. Aufses AH Jr. The surgery of granulomatous inflammatory bowel disease. Curr Probl Surg 1983;20:755-826.
82. Lee KK, Schraut WH. Diagnosis and treatment of duodenoenteric fistulas complicating Crohns disease. Arch Surg 1989;124:712-5.
83. Pichney LS, Fantry GT, Graham SM. Gastrocolic and duodenocolic fistulas in Crohns disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992;15:205-11.
84. Block GE, Schraut WH. The operative treatment of Crohns enteritis complicated by ileosigmoid fistula. Ann Surg 1982;196:356-60.
85. Gruner JS, Sehon JK, Johnson LW. Diagnosis and management of enterovesical fistulas in patients with Crohns disease. Am Surg 2002;68:714-9.
86. Michelassi F, Finco C, Balestracci T. Incidence, diagnosis and treatment of abdominal abscesses in Crohns patients. Res Surg 1996;8:35-9.
87. Bernini A, Spencer MP, Wong WD. Computed tomography-guided percutaneous abscess drainage in intestinal disease: Factors associated with outcome. Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:1009-13.
88. Doemeny JM, Burke DR, Meranze SG. Percutaneous drainage of abscesses in patients with Crohns disease. Gastrointest Radiol 1988;13:237-41.
89. Gervais DA, Hahn PF, ONeill MJ. Percutaneous abscess drainage in Crohns disease: Technical success and short- and long-term outcomes during 14 years. Radiology 2002;222:645-51.
90. Greenstein AJ, Sachar DB, Mann D. Spontaneous free perforation and perforated abscess in 30 patients with Crohns disease. Ann Surg 1987;205:72-6.
91. Robert JR, Sachar DB, Greenstein AJ. Severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage in Crohns disease. Ann Surg 1991;213:207-11.
92. Lefton HB, Farmer RG, Fazio V. Ileorectal anastomosis for Crohns disease of the colon. Gastroenterology 1975;69:612-7.
93. Panis Y, Poupard B, Nemeth J. Ileal pouch/anal anastomosis for Crohns disease. Lancet 1996;347:854-7.
94. Regimbeau JM, Panis Y, Pocard M. Long-term results of ileal pouchanal anastomosis for colorectal Crohns disease. Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:769-78.
95. Allan A, Andrews H, Hilton CJ. Segmental colonic resection is an appropriate operation for short skip lesions due to Crohns disease in the colon. World J Surg 1989;13:611-4.
96. Sanfey H, Bayless TM, Cameron JL. Crohns disease of the colon. Is there a role for limited resection? Am J Surg 1984;147:38-42.
97. Sandborn WJ, Fazio VW, Feagan BG. AGA technical review on perianal Crohns disease. Gastroenterology 2003;125:1508-30.
98. Homan WP, Tang C, Thorgjarnarson B. Anal lesions complicating Crohns disease. Arch Surg 1976;111:1333-5.
99. Bernstein LH, Frank MS, Brandt LJ. Healing of perineal Crohns disease with metronidazole. Gastroenterology 1980;79:599.
100. Turunen U, Farkkila M, Seppala K. Long-term treatment of perianal or fistulous Crohns disease with ciprofloxacin. Scand J Gastroenterology Suppl 1989;24:144.
101. Present DH, Rutgeerts P, Targan S. Infliximab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohns disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1398-405.
102. Ardizzone S, Maconi G, Colombo E. Perianal fistulae following infliximab treatment: Clinical and endosonographic outcome. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004;10:91-6.
103. Regueiro M, Mardini H. Treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohns disease with infliximab alone or as an adjunct to exam under anesthesia with seton placement. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2003;9:98-103.