Correlation of mutations and recombination with growth kinetics of poliovirus vaccine strains

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Volumn 29, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 1513-1523

  Pliaka, V ^a   Kyriakopoulou, Z ^a   Tsakogiannis, D ^a   Ruether, I G A ^a   Gartzonika, C ^b   Levidiotou Stefanou, S ^b   Krikelis, A ^c   Markoulatos, P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THESSALY   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF IOANNINA   (Greece)

^c LUX Biotechnology Ltd   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ORAL POLIOMYELITIS VACCINE;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GROWTH CURVE; HEAT TOLERANCE; HEP 2 CELL; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHENOTYPIC VARIATION; POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; VIROGENESIS; VIRUS GENOME; VIRUS ISOLATION; VIRUS MUTATION; VIRUS RECOMBINANT; VIRUS RECOMBINATION; VIRUS STRAIN; VIRUS VIRULENCE;

CELL LINE; GENOME, VIRAL; HUMANS; KINETICS; MUTATION; POLIOVIRUS; POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, ORAL; RECOMBINATION, GENETIC; RNA, VIRAL; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; TEMPERATURE; VACCINES, ATTENUATED;

EID: 78651266803     PISSN: 09349723     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-010-1033-9     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. E Wimmer CUT Hellen X Cao 1993 Genetics of poliovirus Annu Rev Genet 27 353 436 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXht1Kitb8%3D 10.1146/annurev.ge.27.120193.002033 8122908
2. EV Pilipenko VM Blinov LI Romanova AN Sinyakov SV Maslova VI Agol 1989 Conserved structural domains in the 5′-untranslated region of picornaviral genomes: an analysis of the segment controlling translation and neurovirulence Virology 168 201 209 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXhsVyrtbo%3D 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90259-6 2536978 (Pubitemid 19073297)
3. MA Skinner VR Racaniello G Dunn J Cooper PD Minor JW Almond 1989 New model for the secondary structure of the 5′ non-coding RNA of poliovirus is supported by biochemical and genetic data that also show that RNA secondary structure is important in neurovirulence J Mol Biol 207 379 392 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXktlGhtLs%3D 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90261-1 2547075 (Pubitemid 19155242)
4. J Pelletier G Kaplan VR Racaniello N Sonenberg 1988 Cap-independent translation of poliovirus mRNA is conferred by sequence elements within the 5′ noncoding region Mol Cell Biol 8 1103 1112 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXhsVKqs74%3D 2835660
5. AB Sabin LR Boulger 1973 History of Sabin attenuated poliovirus oral live vaccine strains J Biol Stand 1 115 118 10.1016/0092-1157(73)90048-6
6. C Christodoulou F Colbere-Garapin A Macadam LF Taffs S Marsden P Minor F Horaud 1990 Mapping of mutations associated with neurovirulence in monkeys infected with Sabin 1 poliovirus revertants selected at high temperature J Virol 64 4922 4929 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXlvVGmu7w%3D 2168976
7. AJ Macadam C Arnold J Howlett A John S Marsden F Taffs P Reeve N Hamada K Wareham J Almond N Cammack PD Minor 1989 Reversion of the attenuated and temperature-sensitive phenotypes of the Sabin type 3 strain of poliovirus in vaccinees Virology 172 408 414 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXlvFWhurk%3D 10.1016/0042- 6822(89)90183-9 2552655 (Pubitemid 19255964)
8. AJ Macadam SR Pollard G Ferguson G Dunn R Skuce JW Almond PD Minor 1991 The 5′ noncoding region of the type 2 poliovirus vaccine strain contains determinants of attenuation and temperature sensitivity Virology 181 451 458 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXhsl2it7g%3D 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90877-E 1707566
9. MJ Bouchard DH Lam VR Racaniello 1995 Determinants of attenuation and temperature sensitivity in the type 1 poliovirus Sabin vaccine J Virol 69 4972 4978 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmvFWgsb4%3D 7609067
10. MM Georgescu M Tardy-Panit S Guillot R Crainic F Delpeyroux 1995 Mapping of mutations contributing to the temperature sensitivity of the Sabin 1 vaccine strain of poliovirus J Virol 69 5278 5286 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXns1Kitrc%3D 7636970
11. N Kawamura M Kohara S Abe T Komatsu K Tago M Arita A Nomoto 1989 Determinants in the 5′ noncoding region of poliovirus Sabin 1 RNA that influence the attenuation phenotype J Virol 63 1302 1309 1:CAS:528: DyaL1MXhvVKru78%3D 2536835
12. T Omata M Kohara S Kuge T Komatsu S Abe BL Semler A Kameda H Itoh M Arita E Wimmer A Nomoto 1986 Genetic analysis of the attenuation phenotype of poliovirus type 1 J Virol 58 348 358 1:CAS:528:DyaL28XktF2msbY%3D 3009852
13. M Tardy-Panit B Blondel A Martin F Tekaia F Horaud F Delpeyroux 1993 A mutation in the RNA polymerase of poliovirus type 1 contributes to attenuation in mice J Virol 67 4630 4638 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXlslOnsbg%3D 8392604
14. D Otelea S Guillot M Furione AA Combiescu J Balanant A Candrea R Crainic 1993 Genomic modifications in naturally occurring neurovirulent revertants of Sabin 1 polioviruses Dev Biol Stand 78 33 38 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3ntlWjtw%3D%3D 8099049
15. PL Ogra HS Faden R Abraham LC Duffy M Sun PD Minor 1991 Effect of prior immunity on the shedding of virulent revertant virus in feces after oral immunization with live attenuated poliovirus vaccines J Infect Dis 164 1 191 194 1:STN:280:DyaK3M3nslCktg%3D%3D 1647422
16. PD Minor G Dunn DM Evans DI Magrath A John J Howlett A Phillips G Westrop K Wareham JW Almond JM Hogle 1989 The temperature sensitivity of the Sabin type 3 vaccine strain of poliovirus: molecular and structural effects of a mutation in the capsid protein VP3 J Gen Virol 70 1117 1123 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXkslCntr8%3D 10.1099/0022-1317-70-5-1117 2543771
17. GD Westrop KA Wareham DM Evans G Dunn PD Minor DI Magrath F Taffs S Marsden MA Skinner GC Schild JW Almond 1989 Genetic basis of attenuation of the Sabin type 3 oral poliovirus vaccine J Virol 63 1338 1344 1:CAS:528: DyaL1MXhs1Ojsrs%3D 2536836 (Pubitemid 19061375)
18. S Guest E Pilipenko K Sharma K Chumakov RP Roos 2004 Molecular mechanisms of attenuation of the Sabin strain of poliovirus type 3 J Virol 78 11097 11107 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXotlKisrw%3D 10.1128/JVI.78.20.11097-11107.2004 15452230 (Pubitemid 39299650)
19. AL Gutiérrez M Denova-Ocampo VR Racaniello RM del Angel 1997 Attenuating mutations in the poliovirus 5′ untranslated region alter its interaction with polypyrimidine tract-binding protein J Virol 71 3826 3833 9094658
20. DM Evans G Dunn PD Minor GC Schild AJ Cann G Stanway JW Almond K Currey JV Maizel Jr 1985 Increased neurovirulence associated with a single nucleotide change in a noncoding region of the Sabin type 3 poliovaccine genome Nature 314 6011 548 550 1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXhvVSjtrs%3D 10.1038/314548a0 2986004 (Pubitemid 15124267)
21. D Gnanashanmugam MS Falkovitz-Halpern A Dodge M Fang LJ Wong M Esparza R Hammon EE Rivas-Merelles JI Santos Y Maldonado 2007 Shedding and reversion of oral polio vaccine type 3 in Mexican vaccinees: comparison of mutant analysis by PCR and enzyme cleavage to a real-time PCR assay J Clin Microbiol 45 8 2419 2425 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVehs73N 10.1128/JCM.02268-06 17581940 (Pubitemid 47295468)
22. CV Martinez MO Old DK Kwock SS Khan JJ Garcia CS Chan R Webster MS Falkovitz-Halpern YA Maldonado 2004 Shedding of sabin poliovirus Type 3 containing the nucleotide 472 uracil-to-cytosine point mutation after administration of oral poliovirus vaccine J Infect Dis 190 2 409 416 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmsFaqtbg%3D 10.1086/421703 15216480 (Pubitemid 38951984)
23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 1997 Poliomyelitis prevention in the United States: introduction of a sequential vaccination schedule of inactivated poliovirus vaccine followed by oral poliovirus vaccine. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 46 1 25
24. M Furione S Guillot D Otelea J Balanant A Candrea R Crainic 1993 Polioviruses with natural recombinant genomes isolated from vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis Virology 196 199 208 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmtlCk 10.1006/viro.1993.1468 8102826
25. MM Georgescu J Balanant A Macadam D Otelea M Combiescu AA Combiescu R Crainic F Delpeyroux 1997 Evolution of the Sabin type 1 poliovirus in humans: characterization of strains isolated from patients with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis J Virol 71 7758 7768 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmt1Omsbs%3D 9311861
26. EA Cherkasova ML Yakovenko GV Rezapkin EA Korotkova OE Ivanova TP Eremeeva LI Krasnoproshina NI Romanenkova NR Rozaeva L Sirota VI Agol KM Chumakov 2005 Spread of vaccine-derived poliovirus from a paralytic case in an immunodeficient child: an insight into the natural evolution of oral polio vaccine J Virol 79 1062 1070 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlt12nsg%3D%3D 10.1128/JVI.79.2.1062-1070.2005 15613335 (Pubitemid 40053890)
27. ML Yakovenko EA Korotkova OE Ivanova TP Eremeeva E Samoilovich I Uhova GV Gavrilin VI Agol 2009 Evolution of the Sabin vaccine into pathogenic derivatives without appreciable changes in antigenic properties: need for improvement of current poliovirus surveillance J Virol 83 7 3402 3406 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjs1Wrtbo%3D 10.1128/JVI.02122-08 19129444
28. A Georgopoulou P Markoulatos N Spyrou NC Vamvakopoulos 2000 Improved genotyping vaccine and wild-type poliovirus strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis: clinical diagnostic implications J Clin Microbiol 38 4337 4342 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXislCltLc%3D 11101561
29. J Balanant S Guillot A Candrea F Delpeyroux R Crainic 1991 The natural genomic variability of poliovirus analyzed by a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay Virology 184 645 654 1:STN:280:DyaK3MzmtFGmtw%3D%3D 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90434-D 1679577
30. MN Mulders JH Reimerink M Stenvik I Alaeddinoglu HG van der Avoort T Hovi MP Koopmans 1999 A Sabin vaccine-derived field isolate of poliovirus type 1 displaying aberrant phenotypic and genetic features, including a deletion in antigenic site 1 J Gen Virol 80 907 916 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXitlGntrg%3D 10211959
31. E Dedepsidis I Karakasiliotis E Paximadi Z Kyriakopoulou D Komiotis P Markoulatos 2006 Detection of unusual mutation within the VP1 region of different re-isolates of poliovirus Sabin vaccine Virus Genes 33 183 191 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XpsFWltLg%3D 10.1007/s11262-005-0055-3 16972033 (Pubitemid 44401424)
32. I Karakasiliotis P Markoulatos T Katsorchis 2004 Site analysis of recombinant and mutant poliovirus isolates of Sabin origin from patients and from vaccinees Mol Cell Probes 18 103 109 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXisFyksbc%3D 10.1016/j.mcp.2003.09.009 15051119 (Pubitemid 38402223)
33. E Paximadi I Karakasiliotis Z Mamuris C Stathopoulos V Krikelis P Markoulatos 2006 Genomic analysis of recombinant sabin clinical isolates Virus Genes 32 203 210 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xjt1yktbs%3D 10.1007/s11262-005-6877-1 16604453
34. JH Nakano MH Hatch ML Thieme B Nottay 1978 Parameters for differentiating vaccine-derived and wild poliovirus strains Prog Med Virol 24 178 206 1:STN:280:DyaE1M%2FjsVCnsA%3D%3D 212784
35. CE Malnou TA Pöyry RJ Jackson KM Kean 2002 Poliovirus internal ribosome entry segment structure alterations that specifically affect function in neuronal cells: molecular genetic analysis J Virol 76 21 10617 10626 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnvFGqurY%3D 10.1128/JVI.76.21.10617-10626.2002 12368304 (Pubitemid 35176178)
36. GV Rezapkin KM Chumakov Z Lu Y Ran EM Dragunsky IS Levenbook 1994 Microevolution of Sabin 1 strain in vitro and genetic stability of oral poliovirus vaccine Virology 202 370 378 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXkslGisLs%3D 10.1006/viro.1994.1353 8009849 (Pubitemid 24242009)
37. EA Cherkasova EA Korotkova ML Yakovenko OE Ivanova TP Eremeeva KM Chumakov VI Agol 2002 Long-term circulation of vaccine-derived poliovirus that causes paralytic disease J Virol 76 6791 6799 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XkvVGitrs%3D 10.1128/JVI.76.13.6791-6799.2002 12050392 (Pubitemid 34633545)
38. PD Minor M Ferguson DM Evans JW Almond JP Icenogle 1986 Antigenic structure of polioviruses of serotypes 1, 2 and 3 J Gen Virol 67 1283 1291 1:CAS:528:DyaL28XkslGmsb0%3D 10.1099/0022-1317-67-7-1283 2425046
39. J Harber G Bernhardt HH Lu JY Sgro E Wimmer 1995 Canyon rim residues, including antigenic determinants, modulate serotype-specific binding of polioviruses to mutants of the poliovirus receptor Virology 214 559 570 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xislynsw%3D%3D 10.1006/viro.1995.0067 8553558 (Pubitemid 26027782)
40. Y He VD Bowman S Mueller CM Bator J Bella X Peng TS Baker E Wimmer RJ Kuhn MG Rossmann 2000 Interaction of the poliovirus receptor with poliovirus Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 79 84 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjvVCksQ%3D%3D 10.1073/pnas.97.1.79 10618374 (Pubitemid 30055787)
41. AR Muzychenko GYu Lipskaya SV Maslova YV Svitkin EV Pilipenko BK Nottay OM Kew VI Agol 1991 Coupled mutations in the 5′-untranslated region of the Sabin poliovirus strains during in vivo passages: structural and functional implications Virus Res 21 111 122 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XjtlWq 10.1016/0168-1702(91) 90002-D 1661980
42. AJ Macadam SR Pollard G Ferguson R Skuce D Wood JW Almond PD Minor 1993 Genetic basis of attenuation of the Sabin type 2 vaccine strain of poliovirus in primates Virology 192 18 26 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3pslWjtg%3D%3D 10.1006/viro.1993. 1003 8390752
43. PD Minor AJ Macadam DM Stone JW Almond 1993 Genetic basis of attenuation of the Sabin oral poliovirus vaccines Biologicals 21 357 363 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXhtFOmuw%3D%3D 10.1006/biol.1993.1096 8024751 (Pubitemid 24106891)
44. S Guillot D Otelea F Delpeyroux R Crainic 1994 Point mutations involved in the attenuation/neurovirulence alternation in type 1 and 2 oral polio vaccine strains detected by site-specific polymerase chain reaction Vaccine 12 503 507 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXhsFyjuw%3D%3D 10.1016/0264-410X(94)90307-7 8036823 (Pubitemid 24122855)
45. MM Georgescu F Delpeyroux M Tardy-Panit J Balanant M Combiescu AA Combiescu S Guillot R Crainic 1994 High diversity of poliovirus strains isolated from the central nervous system from patients with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis J Virol 68 8089 8101 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXitFyls7g%3D 7966599
46. F Friedrich 1996 Genomic modifications in Sabin vaccine strains isolated from vaccination-associated cases, healthy contacts and healthy vaccinees Acta Virol 40 157 170 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlvFartbg%3D 8891097
47. M Equestre D Genovese F Cavalieri L Fiore R Santoro R Perez Bercoff 1991 Identification of a consistent pattern of mutations in neurovirulent variants derived from the sabin vaccine strain of poliovirus type 2 J Virol 65 2707 2710 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXitVSltrw%3D 1850043
48. N La Monica JW Almond VR Racaniello 1987 A mouse model for poliovirus neurovirulence identifies mutations that attenuate the virus for humans J Virol 61 2917 2920 3039178
49. N La Monica VR Racaniello 1989 Differences in replication of attenuated and neurovirulent polioviruses in human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y J Virol 63 2357 2360 2539524
50. KM Chumakov LB Powers KE Noonan IB Roninson IS Levenbook 1991 Correlation between amount of virus with altered nucleotide sequence and the monkey test for acceptability of oral poliovirus vaccine Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88 199 203 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXns1eltQ%3D%3D 10.1073/pnas.88.1.199 1846038
51. V Pliaka E Dedepsidis Z Kyriakopoulou I Papadopoulou S Levidiotou P Markoulatos 2007 Use of mutational pattern in 5′-NCR and VP1 regions of polioviruses for molecular diagnosis Mol Cell Probes 21 267 275 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXlt1antb4%3D 10.1016/j.mcp.2007.01.004 17336496 (Pubitemid 46710336)
52. V Pliaka E Dedepsidis Z Kyriakopoulou G Papadi D Tsakogiannis A Pratti S Levidiotou-Stefanou P Markoulatos 2010 Growth kinetic analysis of bi-recombinant poliovirus vaccine strains Virus Genes 40 2 200 211 1:CAS:528: DC%2BC3cXhvVKjsbk%3D 10.1007/s11262-010-0448-9 20091423
53. C Weeks-Levy JM Tatem SJ DiMichele W Waterfield AF Georgiu SJ Mento 1991 Identification and characterization of a new base substitution in the vaccine strain of Sabin 3 poliovirus Virology 185 934 937 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XlsFertg%3D%3D 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90576-W 1660210
54. JM Tatem C Weeks-Levy A Georgiu SJ DiMichele EJ Gorgacz VR Racaniello FR Cano SJ Mento 1992 A mutation present in the amino terminus of Sabin 3 poliovirus VP1 protein is attenuating J Virol 66 3194 3197 1:CAS:528: DyaK38XitlWltLY%3D 1313923
55. SJ Mento C Weeks-Levy JM Tatem EJ Gorgacz WF Waterfield 1993 Significance of a newly identified attenuating mutation in Sabin 3 oral poliovirus vaccine Dev Biol Stand 78 93 100 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3ntlWisg%3D%3D 8388835
56. CE Fricks JM Hogle 1990 Cell-induced conformational change in poliovirus: externalization of the amino terminus of VP1 is responsible for liposome binding J Virol 64 1934 1945 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXitlantbg%3D 2157861
57. A Martin D Benichou T Couderc JM Hogle C Wychowski S Van der Werf M Girard 1991 Use of type 1/type 2 chimeric polioviruses to study determinants of poliovirus type 1 neurovirulence in a mouse model Virology 180 648 658 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXnvVeksg%3D%3D 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90078-P 1846492
58. A McGoldrick AJ Macadam G Dunn A Rowe J Burlison PD Minor J Meredith DJ Evans JW Almond 1995 Role of mutations G-480 and C-6203 in the attenuation phenotype of Sabin type 1 poliovirus J Virol 69 7601 7605 1:CAS:528: DyaK2MXptlOktLo%3D 7494267
59. AV Paul E Rieder DW Kim JH van Boom E Wimmer 2000 Identification of an RNA hairpin in poliovirus RNA that serves as the primary template in the in vitro uridylylation of VPg J Virol 74 10359 10370 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnvF2rsLs%3D 10.1128/JVI.74.22.10359-10370.2000 11044080
60. E Rieder AV Paul DW Kim JH van Boom E Wimmer 2000 Genetic and biochemical studies of poliovirus cis-acting replication element cre in relation to VPg uridylylation J Virol 74 10371 10380 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnvF2rsLg%3D 10.1128/JVI.74.22.10371-10380.2000 11044081
61. J Martín K Odoom G Tuite G Dunn N Hopewell G Cooper C Fitzharris K Butler WW Hall PD Minor 2004 Long-term excretion of vaccine-derived poliovirus by a healthy child J Virol 78 13839 13847 10.1128/JVI.78.24.13839-13847.2004 15564492 (Pubitemid 39612781)
62. H Horie H Yoshida K Matsuura M Miyazawa K Wakabayashi A Nomoto S Hashizume 2002 Isolation of vaccine-derived type 1 polioviruses displaying similar properties to virulent wild strain Mahoney from sewage in Japan J Med Virol 68 445 451 10.1002/jmv.10224 12226835
63. J Cello H Toyoda N Dejesus EY Dobrikova M Gromeier E Wimmer 2008 Growth phenotypes and biosafety profiles in poliovirus-receptor transgenic mice of recombinant oncolytic polio/human rhinoviruses J Med Virol 80 352 359 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlyrurc%3D 10.1002/jmv.21063 18098139
64. CE Malnou A Werner AM Borman E Westhof KM Kean 2004 Effects of vaccine strain mutations in domain V of the internal ribosome entry segment compared in the wild type poliovirus type 1 context J Biol Chem 279 10261 10269 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhvFCiu74%3D 10.1074/jbc.M307806200 14672927 (Pubitemid 38372632)
65. N De Jesus D Franco A Paul E Wimmer J Cello 2005 Mutation of a single conserved nucleotide between the cloverleaf and internal ribosome entry site attenuates poliovirus neurovirulence J Virol 79 14235 14243 10.1128/JVI.79.22. 14235-14243.2005 16254358 (Pubitemid 41552721)
66. PM Strebel RW Sutter SL Cochi RJ Biellik EW Brink OM Kew MA Pallansch WA Orenstein AR Hinman 1992 Epidemiology of poliomyelitis in the United States one decade after the last reported case of indigenous wild virus-associated disease Clin Infect Dis 14 568 579 1:STN:280:DyaK383gvVWnsg%3D%3D 1554844
67. PM Strebel A Aubert-Combiescu N Ion-Nedelcu S Biberi-Moroeanu M Combiescu RW Sutter OM Kew MA Pallansch PA Patriarca SL Cochi 1994 Paralytic poliomyelitis in Romania, 1984-1992. Evidence for a high risk of vaccine-associated disease and reintroduction of wild-virus infection Am J Epidemiol 140 1111 1124 1:STN:280:DyaK2M%2FptFansg%3D%3D 7998593
68. NS Cuervo S Guillot N Romanenkova M Combiescu A Aubert-Combiescu M Seghier V Caro R Crainic F Delpeyroux 2001 Genomic features of intertypic recombinant sabin poliovirus strains excreted by primary vaccinees J Virol 75 5740 5751 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXksFGmsbo%3D 10.1128/JVI.75.13.5740-5751.2001 11390576 (Pubitemid 32553106)
69. G Driesel S Diedrich U Kunkel E Schreier 1995 Vaccine-associated cases of poliomyelitis over a 30 year period in East Germany Eur J Epidemiol 11 647 654 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xjtleitbk%3D 10.1007/BF01720298 8861848 (Pubitemid 26120855)
70. GV Gavrilin EA Cherkasova GY Lipskaya OM Kew VI Agol 2000 Evolution of circulating wild poliovirus and of vaccine-derived poliovirus in an immunodeficient patient: a unifying model J Virol 74 7381 7390 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXlt1Grsrc%3D 10.1128/JVI.74.16.7381-7390.2000 10906191 (Pubitemid 30613083)
71. C Savolainen-Kopra E Samoilovich H Kahelin AK Hiekka T Hovi M Roivainen 2009 Comparison of poliovirus recombinants: accumulation of point mutations provides further advantages J Gen Virol 90 Pt 8 1859 1868 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXpvVyktrY%3D 10.1099/vir.0.010942-0 19403755
72. F Friedrich AM Filippis FC Ferreira HG Schatzmayr EE Da-Silva 1995 Genomic characterization of type 2 polioviruses isolated from vaccine-associated cases in Brazil Braz J Med Biol Res 28 7 733 742 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXos1Gmu7o%3D 8580863
73. S Blomqvist AL Bruu M Stenvik T Hovi 2003 Characterization of a recombinant type 3/type 2 poliovirus isolated from a healthy vaccinee and containing a chimeric capsid protein VP1 J Gen Virol 84 573 580 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhvVOns7w%3D 10.1099/vir.0.18708-0 12604808 (Pubitemid 36267130)
74. J Martín E Samoilovich G Dunn A Lackenby E Feldman A Heath E Svirchevskaya G Cooper M Yermalovich PD Minor 2002 Isolation of an intertypic poliovirus capsid recombinant from a child with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis J Virol 76 10921 10928 10.1128/JVI.76.21.10921-10928.2002 12368335 (Pubitemid 35176209)
75. E Paximadi I Karakasiliotis E Bolanaki A Krikelis P Markoulatos 2007 Vaccine derived bi- and multi-recombinant Sabin strains Virus Genes 35 541 548 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1agsLzJ 10.1007/s11262-007-0146-4 17680217 (Pubitemid 350012777)