Deer density effects on vegetation in aspen forest understories over site productivity and stand age gradients

Forest Ecology and Management

Volumn 261, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 408-415

  Randall, Jesse A ^a   Walters, Michael B ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aspen; Forest dynamics; Forest succession; Productivity; Ungulate herbivory

Indexed keywords

ASPEN; BRACKEN FERNS; CLOSED CANOPIES; CONFLICTING PATTERN; DEER BROWSE; DENSITY EFFECTS; EARLY-SUCCESSIONAL; FOREST DYNAMICS; FOREST FLOOR MASS; FOREST FLOORS; FOREST SUCCESSION; FOREST UNDERSTORY; GRAZING SYSTEMS; HERBIVORY; LIGHT AVAILABILITY; MICHIGAN; OPEN SITES; POPULUS; POPULUS TREMULOIDES; SITE INDEX; SITE PRODUCTIVITY; SIZE CLASS; SPECIES RICHNESS; STAND AGE; SUB-CANOPY TREES; SUBCANOPY; TREES AND SHRUBS; VEGETATION PATTERN; VEGETATION SPECIES;

ECOLOGY; FLOORS; PRODUCTIVITY; VEGETATION;

FORESTRY;

AGE STRUCTURE; BROWSING; DECIDUOUS TREE; DEER; DOMINANCE; FERN; FOREST DYNAMICS; FOREST FLOOR; GRASSLAND; GRAZING PRESSURE; HERBIVORY; LANDOWNER; LIGHT AVAILABILITY; POPULATION DENSITY; RECRUITMENT (POPULATION DYNAMICS); SEDGE; SHRUB; SPECIES DIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; STAND DYNAMICS; SUCCESSION; UNDERSTORY; VEGETATION STRUCTURE;

ANIMALS; FOREST CANOPY; FORESTS; MICHIGAN; PLANTS; POPULUS; POPULUS TREMULOIDES; PRODUCTIVITY; SHRUBS;

MICHIGAN; UNITED STATES;

CAREX PENSYLVANICA; CERVIDAE; POPULUS; POPULUS TREMULOIDES; PTERIDIUM AQUILINUM; UNGULATA;

EID: 78651237784     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.10.026     Document Type: Article

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