New method for characterizing paper coating structures using argon ion beam milling and field emission scanning electron microscopy

Journal of Microscopy

Volumn 241, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 179-187

  Dahlstrom C ^a   Allem, R ^b   Uesaka, T ^a,b  

^a MID SWEDEN UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b FPINNOVATIONS   (Canada)

Author keywords

Argon ion beam milling; Coating uniformity; Field emission scanning electron microscopy; Image analysis; Marker controlled watershed segmentation; Paper

Indexed keywords

BACKSCATTERING; BINDERS; COATINGS; ELECTRON SCATTERING; ELECTRONS; FIELD EMISSION; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IONS; MILLING (MACHINING); POROSITY; QUALITY CONTROL; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SECONDARY EMISSION;

ARGON ION BEAM; ARGON ION BEAM MILLING; BACKSCATTERED ELECTRON IMAGES; COATING UNIFORMITY; COATINGS STRUCTURE; FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; ION-BEAM MILLING; MARKER-CONTROLLED WATERSHED SEGMENTATION; SECONDARY ELECTRON IMAGES;

PAPER COATING;

ARGON;

ARGON ION BEAM MILLING; ARTICLE; ELECTRON BEAM; FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; HISTOGRAM; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; IMAGE QUALITY; MATERIAL COATING; PAPER COATING; POROSITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 78651232833     PISSN: 00222720     EISSN: 13652818     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03418.x     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Allem, R. (1998) Characterization of paper coatings by scanning electron microscopy and image analysis. J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 24, 329-336.
2. Bunker, D.T. & Conners, T.E. (1991) Z-directional pore volume distribution of pigment films. Proceedings from 1991 Symposium on Papercoating Fundamentals, pp. 61-68, Montreal, Canada .
3. Chinga, G. & Helle, T. (2002) Structure characterisation of pigment coating layer on paper by scanning electron microscopy and image analysis. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 17, 307-312.
4. Chinga, G. & Helle, T. (2003a) Relationship between the coating surface structural variation and print quality. J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 29, 179-184.
5. 4 in the study of coated paper structure. Pap. Puu-Pap. Tim. 85, 44-48.
6. Chinga, G., Johnsen, P.O. & Diserud, O. (2004) Controlled serial grinding for high-resolution three-dimensional reconstruction. J. Microsc. 214, 13-21.
7. Chinga-Carrasco, G. (2009) Exploring the multi-scale structure of printing paper - a review of modern technology. J. Microsc. 234, 211-242.
8. Chinga-Carrasco, G., Kauko, H., Myllys, M., Timonen, J., Wang, B., Zhou, M. & Fossum, J.O. (2008) New advances in the 3D characterization of mineral coating layers on paper. J. Microsc. 232, 212-224.
9. Climpson, N.A. & Taylor, J.H. (1976) Pore size distributions and optical scattering coefficients of clay structures. TAPPI J. 59, 89-92.
10. Dahlström, C. & Uesaka, T. (2009) New insights into coating uniformity and base sheet structures. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 48, 10472-10478.
11. Di Risio, S. & Yan, N. (2006) Characterizing the pore structures of paper coatings with scanning probe microscopy. TAPPI J. 5, 9-14.
12. Dullien, F.A.L. & Dhawan, G.K. (1974) Characterization of pore structure by a combination of quantitative photomicrography and mercury porosimetry. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 47, 337-349.
13. Engström, G., Morin, V. & Bi, S.L. (1997) Analysis of porosity distribution in coating layers. TAPPI J. 80, 203-209.
14. Erdman, N., Campbell, R. & Asahina, S. (2006) Argon beam cross sectioning. Adv. Mater. Processes. 164, 33-35.
15. Gonzales, R.C. & Woods, R.E. (2008) Digital Image Processing, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ .
16. Kenttä, E., Pöhler, T. & Juvonen, K. (2006) Latex uniformity in the coating layer of paper. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 21, 665-669.
17. Kugge, C. (2004) An AFM study of local film formation of latex in paper coatings. J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 30, 105-111.
18. Lepoutre, P. & Means, G. (1978) Supercalendering and coating properties. TAPPI J. 61, 85-87.
19. Lucia, L.A., Willett, B. & Korppi-Tommola, J. (2006) Laser-induced plasma emission spectroscopy (LIPS): a useful analytical tool for the surface chemical characterization of coated paper materials. Bioresources. 1, 75-92.
20. Okayasu, T., Kusama, S., Tozaki, E. & Miyagawa, T. (2001) Analysis of the real microstructure of the cross section of a coated layer prepared by FIB - novel method for micropore size distribution measurement. Proceedings from Int. Coating Graphic Arts, pp. 183-192, San Diego, CA
21. Ozaki, Y., Bousfield, D.W. & Shaler, S.M. (2006) Three-dimensional observation of coated paper by confocal laser scanning microscope. TAPPI J. 5, 3-8.
22. Ozaki, Y., Bousfield, D.W. & Shaler, S.M. (2008) Characterization of coating layer structural and chemical uniformity for samples with backtrap mottle. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 23, 8-13.
23. Pöhler, T., Juvonen, K. & Sneck, A. (2006) Coating layer microstructure and location of binder: results from SEM analysis. Proceedings from TAPPI advanced coating fundamentals symposium, pp. 89-99, Turku, Finland .
24. Preston, J.S. (2009) The surface analysis of paper. Proceedings from 14th Fundamental Research Symposium, pp. 749-838, Oxford, U.K .
25. Rissa, K., Lepistö, T., Vähä-Nissi, M., Lahti, J. & Savolainen, A. (2000) Orientation of talc particles in dispersion coatings. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 15, 357-361.
26. Robinson, M. & Rodier, J.-M. (2006) Using a defocused argon ion beam to prepare coated paper cross-sections. Proceedings from 2006 TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology, Atlanta, Georgia .
27. Uchimura, H., Ozaki, Y. & Kimura, M. (1998) A sample preparation method for printed paper cross-sections using a focused ion beam. Proceedings from Tappi International Print. & Graphic Arts Conference, pp. 121-124, Quebec, Canada .
28. Wiltsche, M., Bauer, W. & Donoser, M. (2006) Coating application method and calendering influence on the spatial coating layer formation obtained by an automated serial sectioning method. Proceedings from TAPPI Advanced Coating Fundamentals Symposium, pp. 413-425, Atlanta, USA .
29. Wygant, R.W., Pruett, R.J. & Chen, C.Y. (1995) A review of techniques for charaterizing paper coating surfaces, structures and printability. Proceedings from Coating Fundamentals Symposium, pp. 1-15, Dallas, TX .
30. Xiang, Y. & Bousfield, D.W. (2001) Effect of coat weight and drying condition on coating structure and ink setting. Proceedings from Advanced Coating Fundamentals Symposium, pp. 51-61, San Diego, CA .
31. Zang, Y.-H. & Aspler, J.S. (1998) The effect of surface binder content on print density and ink receptivity of coated paper. J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 24, 141-145.