An affirmative intervention for families with gender-variant children: A process evaluation

Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 94-123

  Menvielle, Edgardo ^a   Hill, Darryl B ^b  

^a CHILDREN'S NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

Author keywords

Adolescent; Child; Evaluation; Gender identity disorder; Treatment

Indexed keywords

EID: 78651078667     PISSN: 19359705     EISSN: 19359713     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2011.530576     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Baym, N. (1995). The emergence of community in computer-mediated communication. In S. Jones (Ed.), Cybersociety: Computer-mediated communication and community (pp. 138-165). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
3. Brill, S., & Pepper, R. (2008). The transgender child. San Francisco, CA: Cleis Press.
4. Camosy, P. (1996). Patient support networks: Something for everybody. Journal of Family Practice, 42, 278-286.
5. Carlyle, E. (2009, March). Transgender kids: How young is too young for a sex change? Minneapolis City Pages. Retrieved from http://www.citypages.com/ content/printversion/812696
6. Carver, P. R., Yunger, J. L., & Perry, D. G. (2003). Gender identity and adjustment in middle childhood. Sex Roles, 49, 95-109.
7. Corby, B. C., Hodges, E. V. E., & Perry, D. G. (2007). Gender identity and adjustment in Black, Hispanic, and White preadolescents. Developmental Psychology, 43, 261-266.
8. Crandall, C. S. (1994). Prejudice against fat people: Ideology and self-interest. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 882-894.
9. Dreger, A. (2009). Gender identity disorder in childhood: Inconclusive advice to parents. Hastings Center Report, 39(1), 26-29.
10. Drummond, K. D., Bradley, S. J., Peterson-Badali, M., & Zucker, K. J. (2008). A followup study of girls with gender identity disorder. Developmental Psychology, 44, 34-45.
11. Dunham, P., Hurshman, A., & Litwin, E. (1998). Computer-mediate social support: Single young mothers as a model system. American Journal of Community Psychology, 26, 281-306.
12. Dykstra, L. A. (2005). Trans-friendly preschool. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Issues in Education, 3, 7-13.
13. Ehrbar, R. D., Witty, M. C., Ehrbar, H. G., & Bockting, W. O. (2008). Clinician judgment in the diagnosis of gender identity disorder in children. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 34, 385-412.
14. Ehrensaft, D. (2007). Raising girlyboys: A parent's perspective. Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 8, 269-302.
15. Finn, J. (1996) Computer-based self-help groups: On-line recovery for addictions. Computers in Human Services, 13, 21-41.
16. Goffman, E. (1986). Stigma: Notes on the management of a spoiled identity. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster. (Original work published 1963)
17. Hill, D. B., & Menvielle, E. (2009). "You have to give them a place where they feel protected and safe and loved": The views of parents who have gender-variant children and adolescents. Journal of LGBT Youth, 6, 243-271.
18. Hill, D. B., Menvielle, E., Sica, K. M., & Johnson, A. (2010). An affirmative intervention for families with gender variant children: Parent ratings on child mental health and gender. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 36, 1-18.
19. Hill, D. B., Rozanski, C., Carfagnini, J., & Willoughby, B. (2007). Gender identity disorder in children and adolescents: A critical review. International Journal of Sexual Health, 19, 95-122.
20. Lev, A. I. (2004). Transgender emergence: Therapeutic guidelines for working with gender variant people and their families. New York, NY: Haworth.
21. Major, B., & Eccleston, C. (2005). Stigma and social exclusion. In D. Abrams, M. A. Hogg, & J. M. Marques (Eds.), The social psychology of inclusion and exclusion (pp. 63-87). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
22. McKenna, K., & Bargh, J. (1998). Coming out in the age of the Internet: Identity "demarginalization" through virtual group participation. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 75, 681-694.
23. Mickelson, K. (1998). Seeking social support: Parents in electronic support groups. In S. Kiesler (Ed.), Culture of the Internet (pp. 157-178). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
24. Reischel, J. (2006, May). See Tom be Jane. Village Voice. Retrieved from http://www. villagevoice.com/2006-05-30/news/see-tom-be-jane/
25. Rosin, H. (2008, November). A boy's life. The Atlantic Online. Retrieved from http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/print/200811/transgender-children
26. Sausa, L. A. (2005). Translating research into practice: Trans youth recommendations for improving school systems. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Issues in Education, 3, 15-28.
27. Smith, Y., Van Goozen, S., Kuiper, A., & Cohen-Kettenis, P. (2005). Sex reassignment: Outcomes and predictors of treatment for adolescent and adult transsexuals. Psychological Medicine, 35(1), 89-99.
28. Spiegel, A. (2008a, May 7). Two families grapple with sons' gender preferences: Psychologists take radically different approaches in therapy (Part 1 and 2). All Things Considered. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/templates/ story/story.php?storyId=90247842
29. Spiegel, A. (2008b, May 8). Parents consider treatment to delay son's puberty: New therapy would buy time to resolve gender crisis. All Things Considered. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=90273278
30. Spiegel, A. (2008c, May 7). Q&A: Therapists on gender identity issues in kids. All Things Considered. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/ story.php?storyId=90229789
31. Wallien, M. S. C., & Cohen-Kettenis, P. T. (2008). Psychosexual outcome of genderdysphoric children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 1413-1423.
32. Wyman, P. A., Sandler, I., Wolchik, S., & Nelson, K. (2000). Resilience as cumulative competence promotion and stress protection: Theory and intervention. In D. Cicchetti, J. Rappaport, I. Sandler, & R. P. Weissberg (Eds.), The promotion of wellness in children and adolescents (pp. 133-184). Washington, DC: Child Welfare League of America.
33. Yunger, J. L., Carver, P. R., & Perry, D. G. (2004). Does gender identity influence children's psychological well-being? Developmental Psychology, 40, 572-582.
34. Zucker, K. J. (2008). On the "natural history" of gender identity disorder in children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 1361-1363.
35. Zucker, K. J., Bradley, S. J., Owen-Anderson, A., Kibblewhite, S. J., & Cantor, J. M. (2008). Is gender identity disorder in adolescents coming out of the closet? [Letter to the Editor]. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 34, 287-290.
36. Zucker, K. J., & Cohen-Kettenis, P. T. (2008). Gender identity disorders in children and adolescents. In D. L. Rowland & L. Incrocci (Eds.), Handbook of sexual and gender identity disorders (pp. 376-422). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.