Developing human rights-based strategies to improve health among female sex workers in Rwanda

Health and Human Rights

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 89-100

  Binagwaho, Agnès ^a   Agbonyitor, Mawuena ^a   Mwananawe, Aimable ^b   Mugwaneza, Placidie ^c   Irwin, Alec ^a   Karema, Corine ^d  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Rwanda NGO Forum on AIDS and Health Promotion   (Rwanda)

^c HIV Clinical Prevention at TRAC Plus   (Rwanda)

^d TRAC Plus   (Rwanda)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GENDER ISSUE; HEALTH CARE; HUMAN RIGHTS; PROSTITUTION; SOCIAL NETWORK; SOCIAL POLICY; WOMENS EMPLOYMENT; WOMENS HEALTH;

RWANDA;

EID: 78650943867     PISSN: 10790969     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (66)

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11. D. McNeil, "A poor nation, with a health plan," New York Times (June 14, 2010). Available at http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/15/health/policy/15rwanda.html.
12. On the source for the TRAC Plus data (the third item on this list), see note 10. Interviews focused on the six major variables found in the literature review, mainly lack of social support, gender inequalities, socioeconomic factors, dangers inherent in sex work, dangers to the children of sex workers, discrimination as a barrier to access social services, and difficulty of leaving sex work due to stigma. The female sex workers interviewed gave informed consent for their quotes and names to be used nationally and internationally.
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21. Ibid.
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35. Ibid.
36. Ibid. Compare other recent studies, including Joint Learning Initiative on Children and HIV/ AIDS, Home truths: Facing the facts on children, AIDS, and poverty (Boston/Geneva: JLICA, 2009). Available at http://www.jlica.org/protected/pdf-feb09/Final%20JLICA%20Report-final.pd f.
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44. Ibid.
45. Ibid. p. 48.
46. Ibid. See also the valuable sources cited by Yamin, including
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50. W. Rojanapithayakorn, "The 100% condom use programme in Asia" [comment], Reproductive Health Matters 14/28 (2006), pp. 41-52.
51. UNAIDS (see note 2); World Health Organization (see note 28).
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54. P. Ghys, M. Diallo, V. Ettiegne-Traore, et al., "Effect of interventions to control sexually transmitted disease on the incidence of HIV infection in female sex workers," AIDS 15/11 (2001), pp. 1421-1431.
55. World Health Organization (see note 47).
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57. D. Kakar and S. Kakar, Combating AIDS in the 21st century: Issues and challenges (Delhi: Sterling Publishers Private Limited, 2001), p. 32.
58. S. Panda, "The HIV/AIDS epidemic in India: An overview," in S. Panda, A. Chatterjee, and A. Abdul-Quader (eds.), Living with the AIDS virus: The epidemic and the response in India (New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2002), p. 20.
59. U. Tschoetschel and S. Erber, Mainstreaming HIV and AIDS in the vocational training sector in Botswana (Eschborn, Germany: German HIV Peer Review Group, 2007).
60. National AIDS Control Commission (CNLS) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Integrating HIV into the economic development and poverty reduction strategy, 2008-2012: Rwanda's experience (April 2008). Available at http://www.cnls.gov.rw/pdf/EDPRS08.pdf; Rwanda Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, Economic development and poverty reduction strategy, 2008-2012 (Kigali: Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, 2007). Available at http://www.undp.org.rw/EDPRS_2008-2012.pdf.
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65. Tschoetschel and Erber (see note 51).
66. McNeil (see note 11).