Is depression "evolutionary" or just "adaptive"? a comment

Depression Research and Treatment

Volumn 2010, Issue , 2010, Pages

  Sharpley, Christopher F ^a   Bitsika, Vicki ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND   (Australia)

^b BOND UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 78650821980     PISSN: 20901321     EISSN: 2090133X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2010/631502     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. Druss B. G., Rosenheck R. A., Patterns of health care costs associated with depression and substance abuse in a national sample. Psychiatric Services 1999 50 2 214 218 2-s2.0-0032908125 (Pubitemid 29069681)
2. Judd L. L., Paulus M. P., Wells K. B., Rapaport M. H., Socioeconomic burden of subsyndromal depressive symptoms and major depression in a sample of the general population. American Journal of Psychiatry 1996 153 11 1411 1417 2-s2.0-0029858747 (Pubitemid 26365454)
3. Lyness J. M., Heo M., Datto C. J., Outcomes of minor and subsyndromal depression among elderly patients in primary care settings. Annals of Internal Medicine 2006 144 7 496 504 2-s2.0-33645823154 (Pubitemid 46780672)
4. Nutt D., Anxiety and depression: individual entities or two sides of the same coin? International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice 2004 8 supplement 1 19 24 10.1080/13651500410005513 2-s2.0-6044226731 (Pubitemid 39382080)
5. Alonso J., Angermeyer M. C., Bernert S., Prevalence of mental disorders in Europe: results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2004 109 supplement 420 21 27 2-s2.0-19944407076 10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00327.x (Pubitemid 41737758)
6. Kessler R. C., McGonagle K. A., Zhao S., Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry 1994 51 1 8 19 2-s2.0-0028156958 (Pubitemid 24028993)
7. Kessler R. C., kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu Berglund P., Borges G., Nock M., Wang P. S., Trends in suicide ideation, plans, gestures, and attempts in the United States, 1990-1992 to 2001-2003. Journal of the American Medical Association 2005 293 20 2487 2495 2-s2.0-18944368636 10.1001/jama.293.20.2487 (Pubitemid 40705730)
8. Ustun T. B., Ayuso-Mateos J. L., Chatterji S., Mathers C., Murray C. J. L., Global burden of depressive disorders in the year 2000. British Journal of Psychiatry 2004 184 386 392 10.1192/bjp.184.5.386 2-s2.0-2442569082 (Pubitemid 38624764)
9. Murray C. J. L., Lopez A. D., Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020: global burden of disease study. The Lancet 1997 349 9064 1498 1504 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07492-2 2-s2.0-0031001720 (Pubitemid 27216360)
10. Andrade L., Caraveo-Anduaga J. J., Berglund P., Cross-national comparisons of the prevalences and correlates of mental disorders. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2000 78 4 413 426 2-s2.0-0031914733 (Pubitemid 30367595)
11. Mykletun A., Bjerkeset O., Øverland S., Prince M., Dewey M., Stewart R., Levels of anxiety and depression as predictors of mortality: the HUNT study. British Journal of Psychiatry 2009 195 2 118 125 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054866 2-s2.0-68549135124
12. Mirescu C., Gould E., Stress and adult neurogenesis. Hippocampus 2006 16 3 233 238 10.1002/hipo.20155 2-s2.0-33645106157
13. Hettema J. M., An S. S., Neale M. C., Association between glutamic acid decarboxylase genes and anxiety disorders, major depression, and neuroticism. Molecular Psychiatry 2006 11 8 752 762 10.1038/sj.mp.4001845 2-s2.0-33746498349 (Pubitemid 44141808)
14. López-León S., Janssens A. C. J. W., González- Zuloeta Ladd A. M., Meta-analyses of genetic studies on major depressive disorder. Molecular Psychiatry 2008 13 8 772 785 10.1038/sj.mp.4002088 2-s2.0-47749123329 (Pubitemid 352032108)
15. McGuffin P., Cohen S., Knight J., Homing in on depression genes. American Journal of Psychiatry 2007 164 2 195 197 10.1176/appi.ajp.164.2.195 2-s2.0-33847269598
16. Wang S.-S., Kamphuis W., Huitinga I., Zhou J.-N., Swaab D. F., Gene expression analysis in the human hypothalamus in depression by laser microdissection and real-time PCR: the presence of multiple receptor imbalances. Molecular Psychiatry 2008 13 8 786 799 10.1038/mp.2008.38 2-s2.0-47749100389
17. Carroll B. J., Greden J. F., Feinberg M., Neuroendocrine evaluation of depression in borderline patients. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 1981 4 1 89 99 2-s2.0-0019766526 (Pubitemid 12170956)
18. Gillespie C. F., Nemeroff C. B., cnemero@emory.edu Hypercortisolemia and depression. Psychosomatic Medicine 2005 67 supplement 1 S26 S28 2-s2.0-0014426656 10.1097/01.psy.0000163456.22154.d2 (Pubitemid 40721028)
19. Holsboer F., holsboer@mpipsykl.mpg.de Corticotropin-releasing hormone modulators and depression. Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs 2003 4 1 46 50 2-s2.0-12944281042 (Pubitemid 36253678)
20. Plotsky P. M., Owens M. J., Nemeroff C. B., Psychoneuroendocrinology of depression: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 1998 21 2 293 307 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70006-X 2-s2.0-0031807854 (Pubitemid 28311852)
21. Arnsten A. F. T., Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2009 10 6 410 422 10.1038/nrn2648 2-s2.0-66249129704
22. Uher R., McGuffin P., The moderation by the serotonin transporter gene of environmental adversity in the aetiology of mental illness: review and methodological analysis. Molecular Psychiatry 2008 13 2 131 146 10.1038/sj.mp.4002067 2-s2.0-38349150151
23. Sullivan P. F., De Geus E. J. C., Willemsen G., Genome-wide association for major depressive disorder: a possible role for the presynaptic protein piccolo. Molecular Psychiatry 2009 14 4 359 375 10.1038/mp.2008.125 2-s2.0-62849128600
24. Sanacora G., Mason G. F., Krystal J. H., Impairment of GABAergic transmission in depression: new insights from neuroimaging studies. Critical Reviews in Neurobiology 2000 14 1 23 45 2-s2.0-0034484015 (Pubitemid 32193048)
25. Müller N., Schwarz M. J., The immune-mediated alteration of serotonin and glutamate: towards an integrated view of depression. Molecular Psychiatry 2007 12 11 988 1000 10.1038/sj.mp.4002006 2-s2.0-34547794475 (Pubitemid 350006207)
26. Choudary P. V., Molnar M., Evans S. J., Altered cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic signal transmission with glial involvement in depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2005 102 43 15653 15658 10.1073/pnas.0507901102 2-s2.0-27344456829 (Pubitemid 41528111)
27. American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Ed. 4-Text Revision 2000 Washington, DC, USA American Psychiatric Association
28. Uher R., The implications of gene-environment interactions in depression: will cause inform cure? Molecular Psychiatry 2008 13 12 1070 1078 10.1038/mp.2008.92 2-s2.0-56449101949
29. Belsky J., Jonassaint C., Pluess M., Stanton M., Brummett B., Williams R., Vulnerability genes or plasticity genes? Molecular Psychiatry 2009 14 8 746 754 10.1038/mp.2009.44 2-s2.0-67651165040
30. Hopko D. R., Hopko S. D., Lejuez C. W., Sturmey P., Mood disorders. The Handbook of Functional Analysis and Clinical Psychology 2007 New York, NY, USA Elsevier Press 307 334
31. Nezu A. M., Problem solving and behavior therapy revisited. Behavior Therapy 2004 35 1 1 33 10.1016/S0005-7894(04)80002-9 2-s2.0-2142740008 (Pubitemid 38821740)
32. Bolling M. Y., Kolenberg R. J., Parker C. R., Dougher M. J., Behavior analysis and depression. Clinical Behaviour Analysis 1999 Reno, Nev, USA Context Press 127 153
33. Oquendo M. A., Barrera A., Ellis S. P., Instability of symptoms in recurrent major depression: a prospective study. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004 161 2 255 261 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.255 2-s2.0-1642527877 (Pubitemid 38419276)
34. Allen N. B., Badcock P. B. T., Darwinian models of depression: a review of evolutionary accounts of mood and mood disorders. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 2006 30 5 815 826 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.01.007 2-s2.0-33747052057 (Pubitemid 44208933)
35. Gilbert P., The evolved basis and adaptive functions of cognitive distortions. British Journal of Medical Psychology 1998 71 4 447 463 2-s2.0-0031774131
36. Gilbert P., Evolution and depression: issues and implications. Psychological Medicine 2006 36 3 287 297 10.1017/S0033291705006112 2-s2.0-33646703309 (Pubitemid 43731093)
37. Keller M. C., The evolutionary persistence of genes that increase mental disorders risk. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2008 17 6 395 399 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00613.x 2-s2.0-57649134435
38. Nesse R., Emotional disorders in evolutionary perspective. British Journal of Medical Psychology 1998 71 4 397 415 2-s2.0-0031743783
39. Nesse R. M., Is depression an adaptation? Archives of General Psychiatry 2000 57 1 14 20 2-s2.0-0033982329 (Pubitemid 30035654)
40. Nettle D., An evolutionary model of low mood states. Journal of Theoretical Biology 2009 257 1 100 103 10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.10.033 2-s2.0-59649083386
41. Price J., The adaptive function of mood change. British Journal of Medical Psychology 1998 71 4 465 477 2-s2.0-0031773709
42. Watson P. J., pwatson@unm.edu Andrews P. W., pandrews@unm.edu Toward a revised evolutionary adaptationist analysis of depression: the social navigation hypothesis. Journal of Affective Disorders 2002 72 1 1 14 2-s2.0-0036773951 10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00459-1 (Pubitemid 35232159)
43. Burns J. K., Reconciling 'the new epidemiology' with an evolutionary genetic basis for schizophrenia. Medical Hypotheses 2009 72 3 353 358 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.09.046 2-s2.0-59249106912
44. Hendrie C. A., Pickles A. R., Depression as an evolutionary adaptation: implications for the development of preclinical models. Medical Hypotheses 2009 72 3 342 347 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.09.053 2-s2.0-59249086197
45. Darwin C., The Origin of Species by Natural Selection 1859 London, UK John Murray
46. Dobzhansky T., Ayala F. G., Stebbins G. L., Valentine J. W., Evolution 1977 SanFrancisco, Calif, USA W.H. Freeman
47. de Visser J. A., Hermisson J., Wagner G. P., Perspective: evolution and detection of genetic robustness. Evolution 2003 57 9 1959 1972 2-s2.0-10744228524 (Pubitemid 37207656)
48. Bell G., Selection: The Mechanism of Evolution 1997 New York, NY, USA Chapman & Hall
49. Lewontin R. C., The units of selection. Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics 1970 1 1 1 18
50. Mayr E., Systematics and the Origin of Species 1942 New York, NY, USA Columbia University Press
51. Freeman S., Herron J. C., Evolutionary Analysis 2007 Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA Pearson Prentice Hall
52. Stewart W. F., Ricci J. A., Chee E., Hahn S. R., Morganstein D., Cost of lost productive work time among US workers with depression. Journal of the American Medical Association 2003 289 23 3135 3144 10.1001/jama.289.23.3135 2-s2.0-0037493499 (Pubitemid 37432889)
53. Ettner S. L., Frank R. G., Kessler R. C., The impact of psychiatric disorders on labor market outcomes. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 1997 51 1 64 81 2-s2.0-0001824581 (Pubitemid 127457938)
54. University of Michigan Depression Centre and National Mental Health Association, Is depression a roadblock to career success? Media Symposium, March 2004
55. Kemp P. A., Davidson J., Routes onto incapacity benefit: findings from a survey of recent claimants. Research Report 2007 469 Norwich, UK Department of Work and Pensions
56. Blair-West G. W., Cantor C. H., Mellsop G. W., Eyeson-Annan M. L., Lifetime suicide risk in major depression: sex and age determinants. Journal of Affective Disorders 1999 55 2-3 171 178 10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00004-X 2-s2.0-0032721981
57. Berrettini W., Stein D. J., Kupfer D. J., Schatzberg A. F., Genetic of bipolar and unipolar disorders. Textbook of Mood Disorders 2006 Washington, DC, USA American Psychiatric Association 235 247
58. McGuffin P., Rijsdijk F., Andrew M., Sham P., Katz R., Cardno A., The heritability of bipolar affective disorder and the genetic relationship to unipolar depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 2003 60 5 497 502 10.1001/archpsyc.60.5.497 2-s2.0-0037629099 (Pubitemid 36539059)
59. Lin J. P., Bale S. J., Parenteral transmission and D18S37 allele sharing in bipolar affective disorder. Genetic Epidemiology 1997 14 6 665 668 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2272(1997)14:6<665::AID-GEPI19>3.0.CO;2-O 2-s2.0-0031283302 (Pubitemid 28027469)
60. Gershon E. S., Hamovit J., Guroff J. J., A family study of schizoaffective, bipolar I, bipolar II, unipolar, and normal control probands. Archives of General Psychiatry 1982 39 10 1157 1167 2-s2.0-0019975573 (Pubitemid 12034170)
61. Weissman M. M., Wickramaratne P., Nomura Y., Warner V., Pilowsky D., Verdeli H., Offspring of depressed parents: 20 years later. American Journal of Psychiatry 2006 163 6 1001 1008 10.1176/appi.ajp.163.6.1001 2-s2.0-33745685212 (Pubitemid 44464486)
62. Wickramaratne P. J., Warner V., Weissman M. M., Selecting early onset MDD probands for genetic studies: results from a longitudinal high-risk study. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2000 96 1 93 101 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(20000207)96:1<93::AID-AJMG19>3.0.CO;2-5 2-s2.0-0034615086 (Pubitemid 30077658)
63. Cummings E. M., Davies P. T., Maternal depression and child development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 1994 35 1 73 112 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01133.x 2-s2.0-0028047189 (Pubitemid 24020772)
64. Goodman S. H., Gotlib I. H., Risk for psychopathology in the children of depressed mothers: a developmental model for understanding mechanisms of transmission. Psychological Review 1999 106 3 458 490 2-s2.0-0033158242
65. Gotlib I. H., Goodman S. H., Silverman W. K., Ollendick T. H., Children of parents with depression. Developmental Issues in the Clinical Treatment of Children and Adolescents 1999 New York, NY, USA Allyn & Bacon 415 432
66. Williams G. C., Pleiotropy, natural selection, and the evolution of senescence. Evolution 1957 11 398 411
67. Pilowsky D. J., Wickramaratne P., Nomura Y., Weissman M. M., Family discord, parental depression, and psychopathology in offspring: 20-year follow-up. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2006 45 4 452 460 10.1097/01.chi.0000198592.23078.8d 2-s2.0-33646353684 (Pubitemid 43675550)
68. Downey G., Coyne J. C., Children of depressed parents: an integrative review. Psychological Bulletin 1990 108 50 76
69. Lieb R., Isensee B., Hofler M., Pfister H., Wittchen H.-U., Parental major depression and the risk of depression and other mental disorders in offspring: a prospective-longitudinal community study. Archives of General Psychiatry 2002 59 4 365 374 2-s2.0-0036212826 (Pubitemid 34275255)
70. Peisah C., Brodaty H., h.brodaty@unsw.edu.au Luscombe G., Anstey K. J., Children of a cohort of depressed patients 25 years later: psychopathology and relationships. Journal of Affective Disorders 2004 82 3 385 394 2-s2.0-0017135947 10.1016/j.jad.2004.03.002 (Pubitemid 39536170)
71. Wickramaratne P. J., Weissman M. M., Onset of psychopathology in offspring by developmental phase and parental depression. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 1998 37 9 933 942 2-s2.0-0023858214 (Pubitemid 28406740)
72. Weissman M. M., Wickramaratne P., Nomura Y., Families at high and low risk for depression: a 3-generation study. Archives of General Psychiatry 2005 62 1 29 36 10.1001/archpsyc.62.1.29 2-s2.0-11844298940 (Pubitemid 40096068)
73. Gorwood P., Generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder comorbidity: an example of genetic pleiotropy? European Psychiatry 2004 19 1 27 33 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2003.10.002 2-s2.0-1142273188 (Pubitemid 38210426)
74. Rao U., Hammen C., Ortiz L. R., Chen L.-A., Poland R. E., Effects of early and recent adverse experiences on adrenal response to psychosocial stress in depressed adolescents. Biological Psychiatry 2008 64 6 521 526 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.012 2-s2.0-49749113236
75. Weaver I. C. G., Cervoni N., Champagne F. A., Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior. Nature Neuroscience 2004 7 8 847 854 10.1038/nn1276 2-s2.0-3342989681 (Pubitemid 38989508)
76. Dougher M. J., Hackbert L., A behavior-analytic account of depression and a case report using acceptance-based procedures. Behavior Analyst 1994 17 321 334
77. Ferster C. B., A functional anlysis of depression. The American psychologist 1973 28 10 857 870 2-s2.0-0015676244
78. Kanter J. W., Busch A. M., Weeks C. E., Landes S. J., The nature of clinical depression: symptoms, syndromes, and behavior analysis. Behavior Analyst 2008 31 1 1 21 2-s2.0-45149117437
79. Darwin C., Darwin C., Recollections of the development of my mind and character. Autobiographies, 1876 2002 London, UK Penguin
80. Keller M. C., Nesse R. M., Is low mood an adaptation? Evidence for subtypes with symptoms that match precipitants. Journal of Affective Disorders 2005 86 1 27 35 10.1016/j.jad.2004.12.005 2-s2.0-16844369148 (Pubitemid 40487957)
81. Keller M. C., Nesse R. M., The evolutionary significance of depressive symptoms: different adverse situations lead to different depressive symptom patterns. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2006 91 2 316 330 10.1037/0022-3514.91.2.316 2-s2.0-33747153338 (Pubitemid 44232654)
82. Keller M. C., Neale M. C., Kendler K. S., Association of different adverse life events with distinct patterns of depressive symptoms. American Journal of Psychiatry 2007 164 10 1521 1529 10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06091564 2-s2.0-35748938777 (Pubitemid 350069731)
83. Sharpley C. F., Bitsika V., Christie D. R. H., Understanding the causes of depression among prostate cancer patients: development of the effects of prostate cancer on lifestyle questionnaire. Psycho-Oncology 2009 18 2 162 168 10.1002/pon.1382 2-s2.0-66149147964
84. Sharpley C. F., Tanti A., Stone J. M., Lothian P. J., The effects of life events inventory. Counselling Psychology Quarterly 2004 17 1 45 52 10.1080/09515070410001666135 2-s2.0-2342567822 (Pubitemid 38568920)
85. Kanter J. W., Cautilli J. D., Busch A. M., Baruch D. E., Toward a comprehensive functional analysis of depressive behavior: five fundamental factors and a possible sixth and seventh. The Behavior Analyst Today 2005 6 65 81
86. Kohlenberg R. J., Kanter J. W., Bolling M. Y., Parker C. R., Tsai M., Enhancing cognitive therapy for depression with functional analytic psychotherapy: treatment guidelines and empirical findings. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 2002 9 3 213 229 10.1016/S1077-7229(02)80051-7 2-s2.0-0042235325 (Pubitemid 37087437)
87. Moskowitz A. K., a.moskowitz@auckland.ac.nz "Scared stiff": catatonia as an evolutionary-based fear response. Psychological Review 2004 111 4 984 1002 2-s2.0-5644271675 10.1037/0033-295X.111.4.984 (Pubitemid 39375084)