Bilateral Eye Movements, Attentional Flexibility and Metaphor Comprehension: The Substrate of REM Dreaming?

Dreaming

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 227-247

  Kuiken, Don ^a   Chudleigh, Michelle ^a   Racher, Devon ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Attention; Bereavement; Dreams; EMDR; Eye movements; Metaphors; REM sleep; Trauma

Indexed keywords

EID: 78650768714     PISSN: 10530797     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0020841     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Andrade J., Kavanagh D., Baddeley A. Eyemovements and visual imagery: A working memory approach to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 1997, 36:209-223.
2. Antrobus J.S., Kondo T., Reinsel R., Fein G. Dreaming in the late morning: Summation of REM and diurnal cortical activation. Consciousness and Cognition 1995, 4:275-299.
3. Barcaro U., Bonanni B., Denoth F., Murri L., Navona C., Stefanini A. A study of the interhemispheric correlation during sleep in elderly subjects. EEG and Clinical Neurophysiology 1989, 6:191-199.
4. Barrowcliff A.L., Gray N.S., Freeman T.C.A., MacCulloch M.J. Eye-movements reduce the vividness, emotional valence and electrodermal arousal associated with negative autobiographical memories. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology 2004, 15:325-345.
5. Barrowcliff A.L., Gray N.S., MacCulloch S., Freeman T.C.A., MacCulloch M.J. Horizontal rhythmical eye-movements consistently diminish the arousal provoked by auditory stimuli. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 2003, 2:289-302.
6. Baylor G.W., Cavallero C. Memory sources associated with REM and NREM dream reports throughout the night: A new look at the data. Sleep 2001, 24:165-170.
7. Bernstein E.M., Putnam F.W. Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1986, 174:727-735.
8. Botvinick M.M., Cohen J.D., Carter C.S. Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychological Review 2004, 108:624-652.
9. Bradley R., Greene J., Russ E., Dutra L., Westen D. A multidimensional meta-analysis of psychotherapy for PTSD. American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:214-244.
10. Braun A.R., Balkin T.J., Wesensten N.J., Carson R.E., Varga M., Baldwin P., Herscovitch P. Regional cerebral blood flow throughout the sleep-wake cycle: An H215O PET study. Brain 1997, 120:1173-1197.
11. Bremner J.D., Narayan M., Staib L.H., Southwick M.D., McGlashan T., Charney D.S. Neural correlates of memories of childhood sexual abuse in women with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 1999, 156:1787-1795.
12. Bryant R.A., Felmingham K.L., Kemp A.H., Barton M., Peduto A.S., Rennie C., Williams L.M. Neural networks of information processing in posttraumatic stress disorder: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Biological Psychiatry 2005, 58:111-118.
13. Busink R., Kuiken D. Identifying types of impactful dreams: A replication. Dreaming 1996, 6:97-119.
14. Casagrande M., Violani C., Lucidi F., Buttinelli E., Bertini M. Variations in sleep mentation as a function of time of night. International Journal of Neuroscience 1996, 85:19-30.
15. Chemtob C.M., Tolin D.F., van der Kolk B.A., Pitman R.K. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Effective treatments for PTSD: Practice guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies 2000, 333-335. Guilford Press, New York. E.B. Foa, T.M. Keane (Eds.).
16. Christman, S. D., & Ammann, D. (1995, May). Dissociative experiences and handedness. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago.
17. Christman S.D., Garvey K.J., Propper R.E., Phaneuf K.A. Bilateral eye movements enhance retrieval of episodic memories. Neuropsychology 2003, 17:221-229.
18. Christman S.D., Propper R.E., Brown T.J. Increased interhemispheric interaction is associated with earlier offset of childhood amnesia. Neuropsychology 2006, 20:336-345.
19. Davidson J.R.T., Stein D.J., Shalev A.Y., Yehuda R. Posttraumatic stress disorder: Acquisition, recognition, course, and treatment. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 2004, 16:135-147.
20. Davidson P.R., Parker K.C.H. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2001, 69:305-316.
21. DePrince A.P., Freyd J.J. Forgetting trauma stimuli. Psychological Science 2004, 15:488-492.
22. Domhoff G.W. The scientific study of dreams: Neural networks, cognitive development, and content analysis 2003, APA Press, Washington, DC.
23. Dumermuth G., Lehman D. EEG power and coherence during non-REM and REM phases in humans in all-night sleep analyses. European Neurology 1981, 22:322-339.
24. Eisenberger N.I., Lieberman M.D., Satpute A.B. Personality from a controlled processing perspective: An fMRI study of neuroticism, extraversion, and self-consciousness. Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience 2005, 5:169-181.
25. Eng T.C., Kuiken D., Temme K., Sharma R. Navigating the complexities of two cultures: Bicultural competence, feeling expression, and feeling change in dreams. Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology 2005, 3:261-279.
26. Figley C.R., Bride B.E., Mazza N. Death and trauma: The traumatology of grieving 1997, Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC.
27. Fosse R., Domhoff G.W. Dreaming as non-executive orienting: A conceptual framework for consciousness during sleep. The New science of dreaming: Content, recall and personality correlates 2007, 2:49-78. Praeger, Westport, CT. D. Barrett, P. McNamara (Eds.).
28. Glucksberg S. How metaphors create categories-quickly. The Cambridge handbook of metaphor and thought 2008, 67-83. Cambridge University Press, New York. R.W. Gibbs (Ed.).
29. Green B.L. Traumatic loss: Conceptual and empirical links between trauma and bereavement. Journal of Personal and Interpersonal Loss 2000, 5:1-17.
30. Gündel H., O'Connor M.F., Littrell L., Fort C., Lane R.D. Functional neuroanatomy of grief: An fMRI study. American Journal of Psychiatry 2003, 160:1946-1953.
31. Hartmann E. Dreams and nightmares: The origin and meaning of dreams 1998, Perseus, Cambridge, MA.
32. Katz A., Paivio A., Marschark M., Clark J.M. Norms for 204 literary and 260 nonliterary metaphors on 10 psychological dimensions. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity 1988, 3:191-214.
33. Kavanagh D.J., Freese S., Andrade J., May J. Effects of visuospatial tasks on desensitization to emotive memories. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 2001, 40:267-280.
34. Kuiken, D. (1993, June). Dreams and stress: Loss and dream impact. Paper presented at the Conference of the Association for the Study of Dreams, Santa Fe, NM.
35. Kuiken D., Bears M., Miall D.S., Smith L. Eye movement desensitization reprocessing facilitates attentional orienting. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality 2002, 21:3-20.
36. Kuiken D., Lee M.N., Eng T.C., Singh T. The influence of impactful dreams on self-perceptual depth and spiritual transformation. Dreaming 2006, 16:258-279.
37. Kuiken D., LoVerso T., Dunn S. Expressive writing about dreams that follow trauma and loss. Dreaming 2008, 18:77-93.
38. Kuiken D., Sikora S. The impact of dreams on waking thoughts and feelings. Functions of dreaming 1993, 419-476. SUNY Press, Albany. A. Moffit, M. Kramer, R. Hoffman (Eds.).
39. Kuiken D., Smith L. Impactful dreams and metaphor generation. Dreaming 1991, 1:135-145.
40. Lee C.W., Taylor G., Drummond P.D. The active ingredient in EMDR: Is it traditional exposure or dual focus of attention?. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 2006, 13:97-107.
41. Levin R., Nielsen T.A. Disturbed dreaming, posttraumatic stress disorder, and affect distress: A review and neurocognitive model. Psychological Bulletin 2007, 133:482-528.
42. Lyle K.B., Logan J., Roediger H.L. Eye movements enhance memory for individuals who are strongly right-handed and harm it for individuals who are not. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2008, 15:515-520.
43. MacCulloch M.J., Feldman P. Eye movement desensitization treatment utilizes the positive visceral element of the investigatory reflex to inhibit the memories of post-traumatic stress disorder: A theoretical analysis. British Journal of Psychiatry 1996, 169:571-579.
44. Maquet P., Laureys S., Peigneux P., Fuchs S., Petiau C., Phillips C., Cleeremans A. Experience-dependent changes in cerebral activation during human REM sleep. Nature Neuroscience 2000, 3:831-836.
45. McNally R.J. Remembering trauma 2003, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
46. Mellman T.A., Pigeon W.R. Dreams and nightmares in posttraumatic stress disorder. Principles and practice of sleep medicine 2005, 573-578. Elsevier, Philadelphia. 4th ed. M.H. Kryger, T. Roth, W.C. Dement (Eds.).
47. Moore S.A., Zoellner L.A. Overgeneral autobiographical memory and traumatic events: An evaluative review. Psychological Bulletin 2007, 133:419-437.
48. Morrison A.R. Paradoxical sleep and alert wakefulness: Variations on a theme. Sleep disorders: Basic and clinical research 1983, 95-122. Spectrum, New York. M.H. Chase, E.D. Weitzman (Eds.).
49. Morrison A.R., Sanford L.D., Ball W.A., Mann G.L. Stimulus-elicited behavior in rapid eye movement sleep without atonia. Behavioral Neuroscience 1995, 109:972-979.
50. Najib A., Lorberbaum J.P., Kose S., Bohning D.E., George M.S. Regional brain activity in women grieving a romantic relationship breakup. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004, 161:2245-2256.
51. Nielsen T.A., Abel A., Lorrain D., Montplasir J. Interhemispheric EEG coherence during sleep and wakefulness in left- and right-handed subjects. Brain and Cognition 1990, 14:113-125.
52. Nutt D.J., Malizia A.L. Structural and functional brain changes in posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2004, 65(Suppl. 1):11-17.
53. Parker A., Relph S., Dagnall N. Effects of bilateral eye movements on the retrieval of item, associative, and contextual information. Neuropsychology 2008, 22:136-145.
54. Perlis M., Nielsen T.A. Mood regulation, dreaming and nightmares: Evaluation of a desensitization function for REM sleep. Dreaming 1993, 3:243-257.
55. Posner M.I., Cohen Y. Components of visual orienting. Attention and performance X 1984, 531-556. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. H. Bouma, D.G. Bouwhuis (Eds.).
56. Pynoos R.S., Nader K. Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1988, 1:445-473.
57. Raphael B., Martinek N. Assessing traumatic bereavement and post-traumatic stress disorder. Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD 1997, 373-395. Guilford Press, New York. J.P. Wilson, T.M. Keane (Eds.).
58. Rechtschaffen A., Buchignani C. The visual appearance of dreams. The neuropsychology of sleep and dreaming 1992, 143-155. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. J.S. Antrobus, M. Bertini (Eds.).
59. Revonsuo A. Did ancestral humans dream for their lives?. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2000, 23:1063-1082.
60. Servan-Schreiber D., Schooler J., Dew M.A., Carter C., Bartone P. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for posttraumatic stress disorder: A pilot blinded, randomized study of stimulation type. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 2006, 75:290-297.
61. Shapiro F. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing procedure: From EMD to EMD/R-A new treatment model for anxiety and related traumata. The Behavior Therapist 1991, 12:133-135.
62. Shapiro F. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing 1995, Guilford Press, New York. 1st Ed.
63. Shapiro F. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing 2001, Guilford Press, New York. 2nd ed.
64. Shepherd J., Stein K., Milne R. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A review of an emerging therapy. Psychological Medicine 2000, 30:863-871.
65. Sloan D.M., Marx B.P. A closer examination of the structured written disclosure procedure. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2004, 72:165-175.
66. Solomon R.M., Shapiro F. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A therapeutic tool for trauma and grief. Death and trauma: The traumatology of grieving 1997, 231-247. Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia. C.R. Figley, R. Charles, B.E. Bride, N. Mazza (Eds.).
67. Sprang G. The use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of traumatic stress and complicated mourning: Psychological and behavioral outcomes. Research on Social Work Practice 2001, 11:300-320.
68. Stickgold R. EMDR: A putative neurobiological mechanism of action. Journal of Clinical Psychology 2002, 58:61-75.
69. Stroebe M., Schut H. Complicated grief: A conceptual analysis of the field. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying 2005-6, 52:53-70.
70. Taylor S.F., Martis B., Fitzgerald K.D., Welsh R.C., Abelson J.L., Liberzon I., Gehring W.J. Medial frontal cortex activity and loss-related responses to errors. Journal of Neuroscience 2006, 26:4063-4070.
71. van den Hout M., Muris P., Salemink E., Kindt M. Autobiographical memories become less vivid and emotional after eye movements. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 2001, 40:121-130.
72. Van Etten M.L., Taylor S. Comparative efficacy of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy 1998, 5:126-144.
73. Waterman D., Elton M., Kenemans J.L. Methodological issues affecting the collection of dreams. Journal of Sleep Research 1993, 2:8-12.
74. Williams L.M., Felmingham K., Kemp A.H., Rennie C., Brown K.J., Bryant R.A., Gordon E. Mapping frontal-limbic correlates of orienting to change detection. Neuroreport: For Rapid Communication of Neuroscience Research 2007, 18:197-202.
75. Wilson D.L., Silver S.M., Covi W.G., Foster S. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Effectiveness and autonomic correlates. Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 1996, 27(3):219-229.
76. Zhang B., El-Jawahri A., Prigerson H.G. Update on bereavement research: Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of complicated bereavement. Journal of Palliative Medicine 2006, 9:1188-1203.