Exposure to trauma and the clinical presentation of first-episode psychosis in South Africa

Journal of Psychiatric Research

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 179-184

  Burns, Jonathan Kenneth ^a   Jhazbhay, Khatija ^a   Esterhuizen, Tonya ^b   Emsley, Robin ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF STELLENBOSCH   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Duration of untreated psychosis; First episode psychosis; Symptoms; Trauma

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; DEPRESSION; DISEASE DURATION; FEMALE; FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; ONSET AGE; PERSONAL EXPERIENCE; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; SEXUAL CRIME; SOUTH AFRICA; VIOLENCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE OF ONSET; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SOUTH AFRICA; WOUNDS AND INJURIES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 78650676580     PISSN: 00223956     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.05.014     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Addington D., Addington J., Schissel B. A depression rating scale for schizophrenics. Schizophrenia Research 1990, 3:247-251.
2. Bebbington P.E., Bhugra D., Brugha T., Singleton N., Farrell M., Jenkins R., et al. Psychosis, victimization and childhood disadvantage: evidence from the second British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity. British Journal of Psychiatry 2004, 185:220-226.
3. Bechdolf A., Thompson A., Nelson B., Cotton S., Simmons M.B., Amminger G.P., et al. Experience of trauma and conversion to psychosis in an ultra-high-risk (prodromal) group. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2010, Feb 25, [Epub ahead of publication].
4. Bendall S., Jackson H.J., Hulbert C.A., McGorry P.D. Childhood trauma and psychotic disorders: a systematic, critical review of the evidence. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2008, 34:568-579.
5. Bernstein K.S., Park S.Y., Shin J., Cho S., Park Y. Acculturation, discrimination and depressive symptoms among Korean immigrants in New York City. Community Mental Health Journal 2009; Nov 4, [Epub ahead of print].
6. Cantor-Graae E., Selten J.P. Schizophrenia and migration: a meta-analysis and review. American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:12-24.
7. Coker T.R., Elliott M.N., Kanouse D.E., Grunbaum J.A., Schwebel D.C., Gilliland M.J., et al. Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination among fifth-grade students and its association with mental health. American Journal of Public Health 2009, 99:878-884.
8. Doolan K., Ehrlich R., Myer L. Experience of violence and socioeconomic position in South Africa: a national study. PLoS One 2007, 2:e1290.
9. Ellis B.H., MacDonald H.Z., Lincoln A.K., Cabral H.J. Mental health of Somali adolescent refugees: the role of trauma, stress, and perceived discrimination. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2008, 76:184-193.
10. Emsley R.A., Oosthuizen P.P., Joubert A.F., Roberts M.C., Stein D.J. Depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 1999, 60(11):747-751.
11. Gee G.C., Spencer M., Chen J., Yip T., Takeuchi D.T. The association between self-reported racial discrimination and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders among Asian Americans nationwide. Social Science and Medicine 2007, 64:1984-1996.
12. Gracie A., Freeman D., Green S., Garety P.A., Kuipers E., Hardy A., et al. The association between traumatic experience, paranoia and hallucinations: a test of the predictions of psychological models. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2007, 116:280-289.
13. Janssen I., Hanssen M., Bak M., Bijl R.V., de Graaf R., Vollebergh W., et al. Discrimination and delusional ideation. British Journal of Psychiatry 2003, 182:71-76.
14. Karlsen S., Nazroo J.Y., McKenzie K., Bhui K., Weich S. Racism, psychosis and common mental disorder among ethnic minority groups in England. Psychological Medicine 2005, 35:1795-1803.
15. Kay S.R., Fitzbein A., Opler I.A. The positive and negative Syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1987, 13:261-267.
16. Krabbendam L. Childhood psychological trauma and psychosis. Psychological Medicine 2008, 38:1405-1408.
17. Kroes R.A., Burgdorf J., Otto N.J., Panksepp J., Moskal J.R. Social defeat, a paradigm of depression in rats that elicits 22-kHz vocalizations, preferentially activates the cholinergic signaling pathway in the periacqueductal gray. Behavioral Brain Research 2007, 182:290-300.
18. Lataster T., Van Os J., Drukker M., Henquet C., Feron F., Gunther N., et al. Childhood victimization and developmental expression of non-clinical delusional ideation and hallucinatory experiences. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2006, 41:423-428.
19. Lewis T.T., Aiello A.E., Leurgans S., Kelly J., Barnes L.L. Self-reported experiences of everyday discrimination are associated with elevated C-reactive protein levels in older African-American adults. Brain Behavior and Immunity 2010, 24:438-443.
20. Lindley S.E., Carlson E., Sheikh J. Psychotic symptoms in posttraumatic stress disorder. CNS Spectrum 2000, 5:52-57.
21. Malla A., Norman R., Schmitz N., Manchandra R., Béchard-Evans L., Takhar J., et al. Predictors of rate and time to remission in first-episode psychosis: a two-year outcome study. Psychological Medicine 2006, 36:649-658.
22. Marrow L.P., Overton P.G., Brain P.F. A re-evaluation of social defeat as an animal model of depression. Journal of Psychopharmacology 1999, 13:115-121.
23. Marshall M., Lewis S., Lockwood A., Drake R., Jones P., Croudace T. Association between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in cohorts of first-episode patients: a systematic review. Archives of General Psychiatry 2005, 62:975-983.
24. Moomal H., Jackson P.B., Stein D.J., Herman A., Myer L., Seedat S., et al. Perceived discrimination and mental health disorders: the South African Stress and Health study. South African Medical Journal 2009, 99:383-389.
25. Morgan C., Fisher H. Environmental factors in schizophrenia: childhood trauma - a critical review. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2007, 33:3-10.
26. Morgan C., Abdul-Al R., Lappin J.M., Jones P., Fearon P., Leese M., et al. Clinical and social determinants of duration of untreated psychosis in the ÆSOP first-episode psychosis study. British Journal of Psychiatry 2006, 189:446-452.
27. Myin-Germeys I., Van Os J. Stress-reactivity in psychosis: evidence for an affective pathway to psychosis. Clinical Psychology Review 2007, 27:409-424.
28. Myin-Germys I., Van Os J. Adult adversity: do early environment and genotype create lasting vulnerabilities for adult social adversity in psychosis?. Society and psychosis 2008, 127-142. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. C. Morgan, K. McKenzie, P. Fearon (Eds.).
29. Read J., Van Os J., Morrison A.P., Ross C.A. Childhood trauma, psychosis and schizophrenia: a literature review with theoretical and clinical implications. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2005, 112:330-350.
30. Schulz A.J., Gravlee C.C., Williams D.R., Israel B.A., Mentz G., Rowe Z. Discrimination, symptoms of depression, and self-rated health among African-American women in Detroit: results from a longitudinal analysis. American Journal of Public Health 2006, 96:1265-1270.
31. Seedat S., Stein M.B., Oosthuizen P.P., Emsley R.A., Stein D.J. Linking posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis: a look at epidemiology, phenomenology, and treatment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 2003, 191:675-681.
32. Shevlin M., Dorahy M., Adamson G. Childhood traumas and hallucinations: an analysis of the national comorbidity survey. Journal of Psychiatric Research 2007, 41:222-228.
33. Shevlin M., Houston J.E., Dorahy M.J., Adamson G. Cumulative traumas and psychosis: an analysis of the national comorbidity survey and the British psychiatric morbidity survey. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2008, 34:193-199.
34. Spauwen J., Krabbendam L., Lieb R., Wittchen H.U., van Os J. Impact of psychological trauma on the development of psychotic symptoms: relationship with psychosis proneness. British Journal of Psychiatry 2006, 188:527-533.
35. Thompson J.L., Kelly M., Kimhy D., Harkavy-Friedman J.M., Khan S., Messinger J.W., et al. Childhood trauma and prodromal symptoms among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Schizophrenia Research 2009, 108:176-181.
36. Üçok A., Bikmaz S. The effects of childhood trauma in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2007, 116:371-377.
37. Van Os J., Krabbendam L., Myin-Germeys I., Delespaul P. The schizophrenia envirome. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2005, 18:141-145.
38. Van Winkel R., Henquet C., Rosa A., Papiol S., Fananás L., De Hert M., et al. Evidence that the COMT (Val158Met) polymorphism moderates sensitivity to stress in psychosis: an experience-sampling study. American Journal of Medical Genetics B Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2008, 147B:10-17.
39. Veling W., Selten J.P., Susser E., Laan W., Mackenbach J.P., Hoek H.W. Discrimination and the incidence of psychotic disorders among ethnic minorities in the Netherlands. International Journal of Epidemiology 2007, 36:761-768.
40. White C., Stirling J., Hopkins R., Morris J., Montague L., Tantam D., et al. Predictors of 10-year outcome of first-episode psychosis. Psychological Medicine 2009, 39:1447-1456.
41. Whitfield C.L., Dube S.R., Felitti V.J., Anda R.F. Adverse childhood experiences and hallucinations. Child Abuse and Neglect: The International Journal 2005, 29:797-810.