Genotoxicity assessment of an energetic propellant compound, 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO)

Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis

Volumn 719, Issue 1-2, 2011, Pages 35-40

  Reddy, Gunda ^a   Song, Jian ^b   Kirby, Paul ^b   Lent, Emily M ^a   Crouse, Lee C B ^a   Johnson, Mark S ^a  

^a US Army Public Health Command   (United States)

^b SITEK Research Laboratories   (United States)

Author keywords

3 Nitro 1,2,4 triazol 5 one; CAS No. 932 64 9; Flow cytometry; Genotoxicity; Mutagenicity; Rat micronucleus

Indexed keywords

3 NITRO 1,2,4 TRIAZOL 5 ONE; PROPELLANT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AMES TEST; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FLOW CYTOMETRY; GENOTOXICITY; MALE; METABOLIC ACTIVATION; MICRONUCLEUS TEST; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

ANIMALS; CELL LINE, TUMOR; CELL SURVIVAL; CHO CELLS; CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS; CRICETINAE; CRICETULUS; DNA DAMAGE; FEMALE; LYMPHOMA; MALE; MICE; MICRONUCLEUS TESTS; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; MUTAGENICITY TESTS; MUTATION; NITRO COMPOUNDS; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; RETICULOCYTES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM; TRIAZOLES;

CRICETULUS GRISEUS; ESCHERICHIA COLI; RATTUS;

EID: 78650578704     PISSN: 13835718     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.11.004     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Manchot V.W., Noll R. Justus liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1905, 343:1-27.
2. Lee K.Y., Coburn M.D. 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, a less sensitive explosive (LA-10302-MS) 1985, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.
3. Stosz M.J., Collignon S.I., Gotzmer C., Leahy J.F. Development of an insensitive explosive containing NTO. 38th Annual Bomb and Warhead Technical Meeting 1988, (cited in R.J. Spear, C.N. Louey, M. G. Wolfson. 1989. A preliminary assessment of NTO as an insensitive high explosive. MRL Technical Report, MRL-TR-89-18, Material Research Laboratory, Maribyrnong, Vic. Australia).
4. Spear R.J., Louey C.N., Wolfson M.G. A Preliminary Assessment of NTO as an Insensitive High Explosive, MRL Technical Report, MRL-TR-89-18 1989, Material Research Laboratory, Maribyrnong, Vic., Australia.
5. Smith M.W., Cliff M.D. NTO-based Explosive Formulations: A Technology Review. DSTO-TR-0796. Technical Report 1999, Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
6. Beyard M. U.S. Insensitive Munitions Policy Update, Presented at the 2007 NDIA IM-EM Meeting 2007.
7. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Energetic Material Compendium, Version 4.0.1 2010, NATO-Munitions Safety Information Analysis Center, Brussels, Belgium.
8. London J.O., Smith D.M. A Toxicological Study of NTO. Technical Report No. LA-10533 1985, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.
9. L.C.B. Crouse, E.M. LaFiandra, J.H. Houpt, A.J. O'Neill, M.R. Way, T.L. Hanna, M.J. Quinn, Toxicology study no. 85-XC-0A6W-08. Subchronic oral toxicity of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) in rats. Technical Report, February 19, 2010. U.S. Army Public Health Command (Provisional), Aberdeen Proving ground, MD, 2010.
10. 14C-labelled 5-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-3-one by rat liver microsomes: evidence for participation of cytochrome P-450. Eur. J. Biochem. 1997, 248:401-406.
11. LeCampion L., DeLaForge M., Noel J.P., Ouazzani J. Metabolism of 14C-labelled 5-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (NTO): comparison between rat liver microsomes and bacterial metabolic pathways. J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym. 1998, 5:395-402.
12. Haley M.V., Kuperman R.G., Checkai R.T. Aquatic Toxicity of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) 2009, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, Technical Report No. ECBC-TR-726.
13. OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development), Guideline for the testing of chemicals No. 471/472, Bacterial reverse mutation test; No. 473, In vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test; No. 474, Mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test; No. 476, In vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test, Adopted July 21, 1997.
14. Ames B.N., McCann J., Yamasaki E. Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutat. Res. 1975, 31:347-436.
15. Maron D.M., Ames B.N. Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutat. Res. 1983, 113:173-215.
16. Green M.H.L., Muriel W.J. Mutagen testing using trp+ reversion in Escherichia coli. Handbook of Mutagenicity Test Procedures 1977, 65-94. Elsevier North Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam. B.J. Kilbey, A. et (Eds.).
17. Reddy G., Song J., Mecchi M.S., Johnson M.S. Genotoxicity assessment of two hypergolic energetic propellant compounds. Mutat. Res. 2010, 700:26-31.
18. Evans H.J. Cytological methods for detecting chemical mutagens. Chemical Mutagens: Principles and Methods for their Detection 1976, vol. 4:1-29. Plenum Press, New York and London.
19. Galloway S.M., Bloom A.D., Resnick M., Margolin B.H., Nakamura F., Archer P., Zeiger E. Development of a standard protocol for in vitro cytogenetic testing with Chinese hamster ovary cells: comparison of results for 22 compounds in two laboratories. Environ. Mutagen. 1985, 7:1-51.
20. Galloway S.M., Armstrong M.J., Reuben C., Colman S., Brown B., Cannon C., Bloom A.D., Nakamura F., Ahmed M., Duk S., Rimpo J., Margolin G.H., Resnick M.A., Anderson G., Zeiger E. Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells: evaluation of 108 chemicals. Environ. Mol. Mutagen 1987, 10(Suppl. 10):1-35.
21. +/- mouse lymphoma cells. Mutat. Res. 1975, 31:17-29.
22. ± mouse lymphoma mutagen assay system. Mutat. Res. 1979, 59:61-108.
23. Clive D., Caspary W., Kirby P.E., Krehl R., Moore M., Mayo J., Oberly T.J. Guide for performing the mouse lymphoma assay for mammalian cell mutagenicity. Mutat. Res. 1987, 189:143-156.
24. Kirby P. Mouse lymphoma cell assays. Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis Testing 1984, 207-226. Humana Press, Clifton, NJ. J.F. Douglas (Ed.).
25. Witt K.L., Livanos E., Kissling G.E., Torous D.K., Caspary W., Tice R.R., Recio L. Comparison of flow cytometry- and microscopy-based methods for measuring micronucleated reticulocyte frequencies in rodents treated with nongenotoxic and genotoxic chemicals. Mutat. Res. 2008, 649:101-113.
26. Litron Laboratories MicroFlow Micronucleus Analysis Kit Instruction Manual 2003, Litron Laboratories, Rochester, New York.
27. K. Duncan, Insensitive munitions and the army: improving safety and survivability. Army Logist. PB700-02-1 34, 2002, 16-17.
28. Becuwe A., Delclos A. Low-sensitivity explosive compounds for low vulnerability warheads. Propell. Expl. Pyrotech. 1993, 18:1-10.
29. J.V. Dilley, C.A. Tyson, G.W. Newell, Mammalian toxicological evaluation of TNT wastewaters: acute and subacute mammalian toxicity of TNT and LAP mixtures. vol. II. Final report. Contract No. DAMD 17-76-C-6050 AD-A080957. Menlo Park, CA; SRI International, 1978.
30. Dearfield K.L., Auletta A.E., Cimino M.C., Moore M.M. Considerations in the US Environmental Protection Agency testing approach for mutagenicity. Mutat. Res. 1991, 258:259-283.
31. Dearfield K.L., Cimino M.C., McCarroll N.C., Mauer I., Valcovic L.R. Genotoxicity risk assessment: a proposed classification strategy. Mutat. Res. 2002, 521:121-135.
32. Cimino M. Comparative overview of current international strategies and guidelines for genetic toxicology testing for regulatory purposes. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2006, 47:362-390.
33. McGregor D.B., Riach C.G., Hastwell R.M., Dacre J.C. Genotoxic activity in microorganisms of tetryl,1,3-dinitrobenzene and 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene. Environ. Mutagen. 1980, 2:531-541.
34. Kier E.L., Bruisick D.J., Auletta A.E., Von Halle E.S., Brown N.M., Simmon V.F., Dunkel V., Mccann J., Mortelmans K., Prival M., Rao T.K., Ray V. The Salmonella typhimurium/mammalian microsomal assay: a report of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gene-Tox program. Mutat. Res. 1986, 168:69-240.
35. Hill R.N., Erdreich L.S., Payntr O.E., Roberts P.A., Rosenthal S.L., Wilkinson C.F. Thyroid follicular cell carcinogenesis. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 1989, 12:629-697.
36. Dertinger S.D., Bishop M.E., McNamee J.P., Hayashi M., Suzuki T., Asano N., Nakajima M., Saito J., Moore M.M., Torous D.K., MacGregor J.T. Flow cytometric analysis of micronuclei in peripheral blood reticulocytes. I. Intra-and interlaboratory comparison with microscopic scoring. Toxicol. Sci. 2006, 94:83-91.
37. Cammerer Z., Elhajouji A., Suter W. In vivo micronucleus test with flow cytometry after acute and chronic exposures of rats to chemicals. Mutat. Res. 2007, 626:26-33.
38. MacGregor J.T., Bishop M.E., McNamee J.P., Hayashi M., Asano N., Wataka A., Nakajima M., Saito J., Aidoo A., Moore M.M., Dertinger S.D. Flow cytometric analysis of micronuclei in peripheral blood reticulocytes. II. An efficient method of monitoring chromosomal damage in rats. Toxicol. Sci. 2006, 94:92-107.
39. Criswell K.A., Krishna G., Zielinski D., Urda G.A., Juneau P., Bulera S., Bleavins M.R. Validation of a flow cytometric acridine orange micronuclei methodology in rats. Mutat. Res. 2003, 528:1-18.