An in vitro assay for testing mosquito repellents employing a warm body and carbon dioxide as a behavioral activator

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 381-386

  Kröber, Thomas ^a   Kessler, Sébastien ^a   Frei, Jéréme ^a   Bourquin, Martine ^a   Guerin, Patrick M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEUCHÂTEL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Anopheles gambiae; deet; In vitro repellent assay; insect vector; mosquito

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; DIETHYLTOLUAMIDE; INSECT REPELLENT;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ANOPHELES GAMBIAE; ARTICLE; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG EFFECT; HEAT; PHYSIOLOGY; TIME;

ANIMALS; ANOPHELES GAMBIAE; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; CARBON DIOXIDE; DEET; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; HOT TEMPERATURE; INSECT REPELLENTS; TIME FACTORS;

ANOPHELES GAMBIAE; HEXAPODA;

EID: 78650408658     PISSN: 8756971X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2987/10-6044.1     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Bar-Zeev M, Schmidt CH. 1959. Action of a repellent as indicated by a radioactive tracer. J Econ Entomol 52:268-269.
2. Buescher MD, Rutledge LC, Wirtz RA. 1982. Tests of commercial repellents on human skin against Aedes aegypti. Mosq News 42:428-433.
3. Carlson DA, Schreck CE, Brenner RJ. 1992. Carbon dioxide released from human skin: effect of temperature and insect repellents. J Med Entomol 29: 165-170.
4. Curtis CF, Lines JD, Ijumba J, Callaghan A, Hill N, Karimzad MA. 1987. The relative efficacy of repellents against mosquito vectors of disease. Med Vet Entomol 1:109-119.
5. Debboun M, Frances SP, Strickman D. 2007. Insect repellents: principles, methods, and uses. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
6. Dekker T, Geier M, Carde RT. 2005. Carbon dioxide instantly sensitizes female yellow fever mosquitoes to human skin odours. J Exp Biol 208:2963-2972.
7. Dekker T, Steib B, Cardé RT, Geier M. 2002. L-lactic acid: a human-signifying host cue for the anthropophilic mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Med Vet Entomol 16:91-98.
8. Gillies MT. 1980. The role of carbon dioxide in hostfinding by mosquitoes (Diptera:Culicidae): a review. Bull Ent Res 70:525-532.
9. Gillies MT, Wilkes TJ. 1969. A comparison of range of attraction of animal baits and of carbon dioxide for some West African mosquitoes. Bull Ent Res 59: 441-456.
10. Granett P. 1940. Studies of mosquito repellents, I Test procedure and method of evaluating test data. J Econ Entomol 33:563-565.
11. Grant AJ, Wigton BE, Aghajanian JG, O Connell RJ. 1995. Electrophysiological responses of receptor neurons in mosquito maxilary palp sensilla to carbon dioxide. J Comp Physiol A 177:389-396.
12. Jones MDR, Gubbins SJ. 1978. Changes in circadian flight activity of mosquito Anopheles gambiae in relation to insemination, feeding and oviposition. Physiol Entomol 3:213-220.
13. Katritzky AR, Wang ZQ, Slavov S, Tsikolia M, Dobchev D, Akhmedov NG, Hall CD, Bernier UR, Clark GG, Linthicum KJ. 2008. Synthesis and bioassay of improved mosquito repellents predicted from chemical structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U. S. A. 105:7359-7364.
14. Khan AA, Maibach HI. 1966. Quantitation of effect of several stimuli on landing and probing by Aedes aegypti. J Econ Entomol 59:902-905.
15. Khan AA, Maibach HI, Strauss WG, Fenley WR. 1966. Quantitation of effect of several stimuli on approach of Aedes aegypti. J Econ Entomol 59:690-694.
16. Klun JA, Debboun M. 2000. A new module for quantitative evaluation of repellent efficacy using human subjects. J Med Entomol 37:177-181.
17. Klun JA, Kramer M, Debboun M. 2005. A new in vitro bioassay system for discovery of novel human-use mosquito repellents. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 21:64-70.
18. Klun JA, Strickman D, Rowton E, Williams J, Kramer M, Roberts D, Debboun M. 2004. Comparative resistance of Anopheles albimanus and Aedes aegypti to N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (Deet) and 2- methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexen-1- carboxamide (AI3- 37220) in laboratory human volunteer repellent assays. J Med Entomol 41:418-422.
19. Mayer MS, James JD. 1969. Attraction of Aedes aegypti (L.): responses to human arms, carbon dioxide, and air currents in a new type of olfactometer. Bull Ent Res 58:629-642.
20. Qiu HC, Jun HW, McCall JW. 1998. Pharmacokinetics, formulation, and safety of insect repellent N,Ndiethyl- 3-methylbenzamide (deet): a review. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 14:12-27.
21. Robert LL, Hallam JA, Seeley DC, Roberts LW, Wirtz RA. 1991. Comparative sensitivity of four Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) to five repellents. J Med Entomol 28:417-420.
22. US EPA [US Environmental Protection Agency]. 1999. Insect repellents for human skin and outdoor premises (public draft) [Internet]. Washington, DC: US EPA, Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances (OPPTS 810.3700 Product PerformanceTest Guidelines. EPA 712-C-99-369 [accessed May 25, 2010]. Available from: http://www.epa.gov/opptsfrs/publications /OPPTS-Harmonized/810- Product-Performance-Test-Guidelines/Drafts/810-3700.pdf