The role of linear wave refraction in the transient eddy-mean flow response to tropical Pacific SST anomalies

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 136, Issue 653, 2010, Pages 2132-2146

  Harnik, N ^a   Seager, R ^b   Naik, N ^b   Cane, M ^b   Ting, M ^b  

^a TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

ENSO; Quasi geostrophic linear model

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; DIRECT RESPONSE; EDDY HEAT FLUXES; EDDY LIFE CYCLES; EDDY MOMENTUM FLUX; ENSO; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; HIGH LATITUDES; LINEAR MODEL; LINEAR WAVES; LOW FREQUENCY; MEAN FLOW; MIDLATITUDES; QUASI-EQUILIBRIUM; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC MODEL; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES; SEQUENCE OF EVENTS; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; SST ANOMALIES; STATIONARY WAVE MODEL; STATIONARY WAVES; WAVE REFRACTION; ZONAL MEAN FLOWS;

ASTROPHYSICS; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CLIMATE CHANGE; HEAT FLUX; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MOMENTUM; NICKEL COMPOUNDS; REFRACTION; TROPICS;

OSCILLATING FLOW;

ANOMALY; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; EDDY; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; HEAT FLUX; MIDLATITUDE ENVIRONMENT; MOMENTUM; NUMERICAL MODEL; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC FLOW; REFRACTION; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; STANDING WAVE; TRANSIENT FLOW; ZONAL FLOW;

PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (TROPICAL);

EID: 78650058751     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: 1477870X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.688     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Andrews DG, Holton JA, Leovy CB. 1987. Middle Atmosphere Dynamics. Academic Press: New York.
2. Bronnimann S. 2007. Impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation on European climate. Rev. Geophys. 45: RG3003, DOI: 10.1029/2006RG000199.
3. Charney JG, Pedlosky J. 1963. On the trapping of unstable planetary waves in the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 68: 6441-6442.
4. Chen G, Held IM. 2007. Phase speed spectra and the recent poleward shift of Southern Hemisphere surface westerlies. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34: L21805, DOI: 10.1029/2007GL031200.
5. Compo GP, Sardeshmukh P. 2004. Storm track predictability on seasonal and decadal timescales. J. Climate 17: 3701-3720.
6. Cook E, Seager R, Cane MA, Stahle D. 2007. North American drought: Reconstruction, causes and consequences. Earth Sci. Rev. 81: 93-134.
7. Edmon HJ, Hoskins BJ, McIntyre ME. 1980. Eliassen-Palm cross-sections for the troposphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 37: 2600-2616.
8. Eichler T, Higgins W. 2006. Climatology and ENSO-related variability of North American extratropical cyclone activity. J. Climate 19: 2076-2093.
9. Garcia-Herrera R, Calvo N, Garcia RR, Giorgetta MA. 2006. Propagation of ENSO temperature signals into the middle atmosphere: A comparison of two general circulation models and ERA-40 reanalysis data. J. Geophys. Res. 111: D06101, DOI: 10.1029/2005JD006061.
10. Gill A. 1980. Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulations. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 106: 447-462.
11. Gong T, Luo D, Feldstein SB. 2010. The impact of ENSO on wave breaking and Southern Annular Mode events. J. Atmos. Sci. in press.
12. Greatbatch RJ, Lu J, Peterson KA. 2004. Non-stationary impact of ENSO on Euro-Atlantic winter climate. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31: L02208, DOI: 10.1029/2003GL018542.
13. Harnik N, Lindzen RS. 2001. The effect of reflecting surfaces on the vertical structure and variability of stratospheric planetary waves, J. Atmos. Sci. 58: 2872-2894.
14. Haynes PH, Marks CJ, McIntyre ME, Shepherd TG, Shine KP. 1991. On the 'downward control' of extratropical diabatic circulation by eddy-induced mean zonal forces. J. Atmos. Sci. 48: 651-678.
15. Held IM, Lyons SW, Nigam S. 1989. Transients and the extratropical response to El Nino. J. Atmos. Sci. 46: 163-174.
16. Herweijer C, Seager R, Cook ER. 2006. North American droughts of the mid to late nineteenth century: A history, simulation and implications for Medieval drought. The Holocene 16: 159-171.
17. Hoerling MP, Ting M. 1994. Organization of extratropical transients during El Niño. J. Climate 7: 745-766.
18. Horel JD, Wallace J. 1981. Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Weather Rev. 109: 813-829.
19. Hoskins BJ, Karoly D. 1981. The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing. J. Atmos. Sci. 38: 1179-1196.
20. Karoly DJ, Hoskins BJ. 1982. Three-dimensional propagation of planetary waves. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan 60: 109-123.
21. Kiehl JT, Hack J, Bonan G, Boville B, Williamson D, Rasch P. 1998. The National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model: CCM3. J. Climate 11: 1131-1149.
22. Martius O, Schwierz C, Davies H. 2007. Breaking waves at the tropopause in the wintertime Northern Hemisphere: Climatological analyses of the orientation and the theoretical lc1/2 classification. J. Atmos. Sci. 64: 2576-2592.
23. Orlanski I. 2003. Bifurcation in eddy life cycles: Implications for storm track variability. J. Atmos. Sci. 60: 993-1023.
24. Orlanski I. 2005. A new look at the Pacific storm track variability: Sensitivity to tropical SSTs and to upstream seeding. J. Atmos. Sci. 62: 1367-1390.
25. Peixoto JP, Oort AH. 1992. Physics of Climate. American Institute of Physics: New York.
26. Schubert SD, Suarez MJ, Pegion P, Koster R, Bacmeister J. 2004a. Causes of long-term drought in the United States Great Plains. J. Climate 17: 485-503.
27. Schubert SD, Suarez MJ, Pegion P, Koster R, Bacmeister J. 2004b. On the cause of the 1930s Dust Bowl. Science 303: 1855-1859.
28. Seager R. 2007. The turn of the century drought across North America: Global context, dynamics and past analogues. J. Climate 20: 5527-5552.
29. Seager R, Harnik N, Kushnir Y, Robinson W, Miller J. 2003. Mechanisms of hemispherically symmetric climate variability. J. Climate 16: 2960-2978.
30. Seager R, Harnik N, Robinson W, Kushnir Y, Ting M, Huang H, Velez J. 2005a. Mechanisms of ENSO-forcing of hemispherically symmetric precipitation variability. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 131: 1501-1527.
31. Seager R, Kushnir Y, Herweijer C, Naik N, Miller J. 2005b. Modeling of tropical forcing of persistent droughts and pluvials over western North America: 1856-2000. J. Climate 18: 4065-4088.
32. Seager R, Kushnir Y, Ting M, Cane MA, Naik N, Miller J. 2008. Would advance knowledge of 1930s SSTs have allowed prediction of the Dust Bowl drought? J. Climate 21: 3261-3281.
33. Seager R, Naik N, Ting M, Cane MA, Harnik N, Kushnir Y. 2010. Adjustment of the atmospheric circulation to tropical Pacific SST anomalies: Variability of transient eddy propagation in the Pacific-North America sector. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 136: 277-296.
34. Shapiro MA, Wernli H, Bond NA, Langland R. 2001. The influence of the 1997-99 El Nino-Southern Oscillation on extratropical life cycles over the eastern North Pacific. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 127: 331-342.
35. Sheng J, Derome J, Klasa M. 1998. The role of transient disturbances in the dynamics of the Pacific-North American pattern. J. Climate 11: 523-536.
36. Straus DM, Shukla J. 1997. Variations of midlatitude transient dynamics associated with ENSO. J. Atmos. Sci. 54: 777-790.
37. Ting M, Yu L. 1998. Steady response to tropical heating in wavy linear and nonlinear baroclinic models. J. Atmos. Sci. 55: 3565-3582.
38. Toniazzo T, Scaife AA. 2006. The influence of ENSO on winter North Atlantic climate. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33: L24704.
39. Trenberth KE, Hurrell JW. 1994. Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Clim. Dyn. 9: 303-319.
40. Warn T, Warn H. 1978. The evolution of a nonlinear critical level. Stud. Appl. Math. 59: 37-71.