Recent progress in the treatment of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and future perspectives

Future Virology

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 801-809

  Saijo, Masayuki ^b   Morikawa, Shigeru ^a   Kurane, Ichiro ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (Japan)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever; diagnosis; ribavirin; treatment; viral hemorrhagic fever

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; DIHYDROLIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE; DIURETIC AGENT; FRESH FROZEN PLASMA; GLYCOPROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 6; LIVER ENZYME; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; RIBAVIRIN; RNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE; SINGLE STRANDED RNA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR; VIRUS ENVELOPE PROTEIN; VIRUS NUCLEOPROTEIN; VIRUS VACCINE;

ANEMIA; ANTIGEN DETECTION; ARTHRALGIA; BACKACHE; BLEEDING; BUNYAVIRUS; CLINICAL TRIAL; CRIMEAN CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DRUG EFFECT; ENZYME BLOOD LEVEL; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; ERYTHROCYTE TRANSFUSION; FEVER; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENOME; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEADACHE; HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME; HUMAN; HYDRATION; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; INCUBATION TIME; LOADING DRUG DOSE; LUNG HEMORRHAGE; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; NAIRO VIRUS; NONHUMAN; OPEN READING FRAME; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; SEPTICEMIA; THROMBOCYTE; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VIRION; VIRUS ATTACHMENT; VIRUS REPLICATION; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

BUNYAVIRIDAE; IXODIDA; NAIROVIRUS;

EID: 78650038620     PISSN: 17460794     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/fvl.10.64     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Gorchakov R, Volkova E, Yun N et al.: Comparative ana lysis of the alphavirus-based vectors expressing Rift Valley Fever virus glycoproteins. Virology 366(1), 212-225 (2007).
2. Bird BH, Albarino CG, Hartman AL, Erickson BR, Ksiazek TG, Nichol ST: Rift Valley Fever virus lacking the NSs and NSm genes is highly attenuated, confers protective immunity from virulent virus challenge, and allows for differential identifcation of infected and vaccinated animals. J. Virol. 82(6), 2681-2691 (2008).
3. Heise MT, Whitmore A, Thompson J et al.: An alphavirus replicon-derived candidate vaccine against Rift Valley Fever virus. Epidemiol. Infect. 137(9), 1309-1318 (2009).
4. Lagerqvist N, Naslund J, Lundkvist A, Bouloy M, Ahlm C, Bucht G: Characterisation of immune responses and protective effcacy in mice after immunisation with Rift Valley Fever virus cDNA constructs. Virol. J. 6, 6 (2009).
5. Naslund J, Lagerqvist N, Habjan M et al.: Vaccination with virus-like particles protects mice from lethal infection of Rift Valley Fever Virus. Virology 385(2), 409-415 (2009).
6. Ikegami T, Makino S: Rift Valley Fever vaccines. Vaccine 27(Suppl. 4), D69-D72 (2009).
7. Bouloy M, Flick R: Reverse genetics technology for Rift Valley Fever virus: current and future applications for the development of therapeutics and vaccines. Antiviral Res. 84(2),101-118 (2009).
8. Habjan M, Penski N, Wagner V et al.: Effcient production of Rift Valley Fever virus-like particles: the antiviral protein MxA can inhibit primary transcription of bunyaviruses. Virology 385(2), 400-408 (2009).
9. Schmaljohn CS, Nichol ST: Bunyaviruses. In: Fields Virology. Knipe DM, Howley PM (Eds). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, PA, USA 1741-1790 (2007).
10. Casals J: Antigenic similarity between the virus causing Crimean hemorrhagic fever and Congo virus. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 131(1), 233-236 (1969).
11. Watts DM, Flick R, Peters CJ, Shope R: Bunyaviral fevers: Rift Vallay fever and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. In: Tropical Infectious Diseases: Principles, Pathogens, and Practice. Guerrant RL, Walker DH, Weller PF (Eds). Elsevier Churchill, Livingstone, PA, USA 756-760 (2005).
12. Sanchez AJ, Vincent MJ, Nichol ST: Characterization of the glycoproteins of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. J. Virol. 76(14), 7263-7275 (2002).
13. Vincent MJ, Sanchez AJ, Erickson BR et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoprotein proteolytic processing by subtilase SKI-1. J. Virol. 77(16), 8640-8649 (2003).
14. Flick R, Whitehouse CA: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. Curr. Mol. Med. 5(8), 753-760 (2005).
15. Chapman LE, Wilson ML, Hall DB et al.: Risk factors for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in rural northern Senegal. J. Infect. Dis. 164(4), 686-692 (1991).
16. van Eeden PJ, Joubert JR, van de Wal BW, King JB, de Kock A, Groenewald JH: A nosocomial outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever at Tygerberg Hospital. Part I. Clinical features. S. Afr. Med. J. 68(10), 711-717 (1985).
17. Burney MI, Ghafoor A, Saleen M, Webb PA, Casals J: Nosocomial outbreak of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by Crimean Hemorrhagic fever-Congo virus in Pakistan, January 1976. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 29(5), 941-947 (1980).
18. Fisher-Hoch SP, Khan JA, Rehman S, Mirza S, Khurshid M, McCormick JB: Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever treated with oral ribavirin. Lancet 346(8973), 472-475 (1995).
19. Suleiman MN, Muscat-Baron JM, Harries JR et al.: Congo/Crimean haemorrhagic fever in Dubai. An outbreak at the Rashid Hospital. Lancet 2(8201), 939-941 (1980).
20. Saijo M, Tang Q, Shimayi B et al.: Possible horizontal transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus from a mother to her child. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 57(2), 55-57 (2004).
21. Athar MN, Baqai HZ, Ahmad M et al.: Short report: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, February 2002. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 69(3), 284-287 (2003).
22. Joubert JR, King JB, Rossouw DJ, Cooper R: A nosocomial outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever at Tygerberg Hospital. Part III. Clinical pathology and pathogenesis. S. Afr. Med. J. 68(10), 722-728 (1985).
23. Nabeth P, Cheikh DO, Lo B et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Mauritania. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10(12), 2143-2149 (2004).
24. Papa A, Bino S, Llagami A et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Albania, 2001. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 21(8), 603-606 (2002).
25. Van Eeden PJ, van Eeden SF, Joubert JR, King JB, van de Wal BW, Michell WL: A nosocomial outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever at Tygerberg Hospital. Part II. Management of patients. S. Afr. Med. J. 68(10), 718-721 (1985).
26. Ahmeti S, Raka L: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Kosova: a fatal case report. Virol. J. 3, 85 (2006).
27. Hoogstraal H: The epidemiology of tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Asia, Europe, and Africa. J. Med. Entomol. 15(4), 307-417 (1979)
28. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever-Republic of South Africa. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 34(7), 94, 99-101 (1985).
29. Al-Tikriti SK, Al-Ani F, Jurji FJ et al.: Congo/Crimean haemorrhagic fever in Iraq. Bull. World Health Organ. 59(1), 85-90 (1981).
30. Alavi-Naini R, Moghtaderi A, Koohpayeh HR et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Southeast of Iran. J. Infect. 52(5), 378-382 (2006).
31. Ali N, Chotani RA, Anwar M, Nadeem M, Karamat KA, Tariq WU. A Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever outbreak in northern balochistan. J. Coll. Physicians Surg Pak. 17(8), 477-481 (2007).
32. Altaf A, Luby S, Ahmed AJ et al.: Outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Quetta, Pakistan: contact tracing and risk assessment. Trop. Med. Int. Health 3 (11), 878-882 (1998).
33. Bakir M, Ugurlu M, Dokuzoguz B, Bodur H, Tasyaran MA, Vahaboglu H: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever outbreak in Middle Anatolia: a multicentre study of clinical features and outcome measures. J. Med. Microbiol. 54(Pt 4), 385-389 (2005).
34. Baskerville A, Satti A, Murphy FA, Simpson DI: Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever in Dubai: histopathological studies. J. Clin. Pathol. 34(8), 871-874 (1981).
35. Chinikar S, Persson SM, Johansson M et al.: Genetic analysis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Iran. J. Med. Virol. 73(3), 404-411 (2004).
36. Dilber E, Cakir M, Acar EA et al.: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever among children in north-eastern Turkey Ann. Trop. Paediatr. 29(1), 23-28 (2009).
37. El-Azazy OM, Scrimgeour EM: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus infection in the western province of Saudi Arabia. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg 91(3), 275-278 (1997).
38. Gear JH, Thomson PD, Hopp M et al.: Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever in South Africa. Report of a fatal case in the Transvaal. S. Afr. Med. J. 62(16), 576-580 (1982).
39. Gonzalez JP, LeGuenno B, Guillaud M, Wilson ML: A fatal case of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Mauritania: virological and serological evidence suggesting epidemic transmission. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg 84(4), 573-576 (1990).
40. Han L, Tang Q, Zhao X, Saijo M, Tao X: Serologic studies of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever in Bachu county, 2001. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 23(3), 179-181 (2002).
41. Jamil B, Hasan RS, Sarwari AR, Burton J, Hewson R, Clegg C: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: experience at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 99(8), 577-584 (2005).
42. Karti SS, Odabasi Z, Korten V et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Turkey Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10(8), 1379-1384 (2004).
43. Khan AS, Maupin GO, Rollin PE et al.: An outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in the United Arab Emirates, 1994-1995. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 57(5), 519-525 (1997).
44. Mathiot CC, Fontenille D, Digoutte JP, Coulanges P: First isolation of Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever virus in Madagascar. Ann. Inst. Pasteur Virol. 139(2), 239-241 (1988).
45. Nabeth P, Thior M, Faye O, Simon F: Human Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Senegal. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10(10), 1881-1882 (2004).
46. Papa A, Christova I, Papadimitriou E, Antoniadis A: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Bulgaria. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10(8), 1465-1467 (2004).
47. Schwarz TF, Nitschko H, Jager G et al.: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Oman. Lancet 346(8984), 1230 (1995).
48. Sharif-Mood B, Metanat M, Ghorbani-Vaghei A, Fayyaz-Jahani F, Akrami E: The outcome of patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Zahedan, southeast of Iran: a comparative study Arch. Iran Med. 12(2), 151-153 (2009).
49. Tang Q, Gao D, Zhao X, Han L, Hang C. [Study on the molecular biology of hemorrhagic fever virus in Xinjiang]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 23 (6), 449-452 (2002).
50. Tang Q, Zhao XQ, Wang HY et al.: Molecular epidemiology of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever viruses. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi 19(4), 312-318 (2005).
51. Yilmaz GR, Buzgan T, Irmak H et al.: The epidemiology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Turkey, 2002-2007 Int. J. Infect. Dis. 13(3), 380-386 (2009).
52. Saijo M, Tang Q, Shimayi B et al.: Recombinant nucleoprotein-based serological diagnosis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infections. J. Med. Virol. 75(2), 295-299 (2005).
53. Maltezou HC, Papa A: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: risk for emergence of new endemic foci in Europe? Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 8(3), 139-143 (2010).
54. Swanepoel R, Shepherd AJ, Leman PA, Shepherd SP, Miller GB: A common-source outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever on a dairy farm. S. Afr. Med. J. 68(9), 635-637 (1985).
55. Tang Q, Saijo M, Zhang Y et al.: A patient with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever serologically diagnosed by recombinant nucleoprotein-based antibody detection systems. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 10(3), 489-491 (2003).
56. Izadi S, Naieni KH, Madjdzadeh SR, Nadim A: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran, a case-control study on epidemiological characteristics. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 8(5), 299-306 (2004).
57. Ergonul O: Clinical and pathologic features of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever. In: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever: a Global Perspective. Ergonul O, Whitehouse CA (Eds). Springer, Dordrecht, Germany 207-220 (2007).
58. Tasdelen Fisgin N, Fisgin T, Tanyel E et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: fve patients with hemophagocytic syndrome. Am. J. Hematol. 83(1), 73-76 (2008).
59. Dilber E, Cakir M, Erduran E et al.: High-dose methylprednisolone in children with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever. Trop. Doct. 40(1), 27-30 (2010).
60. Papa A, Bino S, Velo E, Harxhi A, Kota M, Antoniadis A: Cytokine levels in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. J. Clin. Virol. 36(4), 272-276 (2006).
61. Ergonul O, Tuncbilek S, Baykam N, Celikbas A, Dokuzoguz B: Evaluation of serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor - A in patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. J. Infect. Dis. 193(7), 941-944 (2006).
62. Tezer H, Sucakli IA, Sayli TR et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in children. J. Clin. Virol. 48(3), 184-186 (2010).
63. Sharif-Mood B, Mardani M, Keshtkar-Jahromi M, Rahnavardi M, Hatami H, Metanat M: Clinical and epidemiological features of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever among children and adolescents from Southeastern Iran. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 27(6), 561-563 (2008).
64. Saijo M, Tang Q, Shimayi B et al.: Antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever using a novel monoclonal antibody. J. Med. Virol. 77(1), 83-88 (2005).
65. Logan TM, Linthicum KJ, Moulton JR, Ksiazek TG: Antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection and quantifcation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in the tick, Hyalomma truncatum. J. Virol. Methods 42(1), 33-44 (1993).
66. Burt FJ, Leman PA, Smith JF, Swanepoel R: The use of a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the detection of viral nucleic acid in the diagnosis of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever. J. Virol. Methods 70(2), 129-137 (1998).
67. Schwarz TF, Nsanze H, Longson M et al.: Polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis and identifcation of distinct variants of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in the United Arab Emirates. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 55(2), 190-196 (1996).
68. Yapar M, Aydogan H, Pahsa A et al.: Rapid and quantitative detection of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus by one-step real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 58(6), 358-362 (2005).
69. Duh D, Saksida A, Petrovec M, Dedushaj I, Avsic-Zupanc T: Novel one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for rapid and specifc diagnosis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever encountered in the Balkans. J. Virol. Methods 133(2), 175-179 (2006).
70. Drosten C, Gottig S, Schilling S et al.: Rapid detection and quantifcation of RNA of Ebola and Marburg viruses, Lassa virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Rift Valley fever virus, dengue virus, and yellow fever virus by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40(7), 2323-2330 (2002).
71. Tang Q, Saijo M, Lei H et al.: Detection of immunoglobulin G to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in sheep sera by recombinant nucleoprotein N-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent and immunofuorescence assays. J. Virol. Methods 108(1), 111-116 (2003).
72. Saijo M, Qing T, Niikura M et al.: Recombinant nucleoprotein N-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40(5), 1587-1591 (2002). (Pubitemid 34493124)
73. Saijo M, Qing T, Niikura M et al.: Immunofuorescence technique using HeLa cells expressing recombinant nucleoprotein for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40(2), 372-375 (2002).
74. Garcia S, Chinikar S, Coudrier D et al.: Evaluation of a Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus recombinant antigen expressed by Semliki Forest suicide virus for IgM and IgG antibody detection in human and animal sera collected in Iran. J. Clin. Virol. 35(2), 154-159 (2006).
75. Ergonul O: Treatment of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Antiviral Res. 78(1), 125-131 (2008).
76. Watts DM, Ussery MA, Nash D, Peters CJ: Inhibition of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever viral infectivity yields in vitro by ribavirin. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 41(5), 581-585 (1989).
77. Tignor GH, Hanham CA: Ribavirin effcacy in an in vivo model of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHF) infection. Antiviral Res. 22(4), 309-325 (1993).
78. Koksal I, Yilmaz G, Aksoy F et al.: The effcacy of ribavirin in the treatment of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Eastern Black Sea region in Turkey. J. Clin. Virol. 47(1), 65-68 (2010).
79. Mardani M, Jahromi MK, Naieni KH, Zeinali M: The effcacy of oral ribavirin in the treatment of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Iran. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36(12), 1613-1618 (2003).
80. Ergonul O, Celikbas A, Dokuzoguz B, Eren S, Baykam N, Esener H: Characteristics of patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in a recent outbreak in Turkey and impact of oral ribavirin therapy. Clin. Infect. Dis. 39(2), 284-287 (2004).
81. Ozkurt Z, Kiki I, Erol S et al.: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Eastern Turkey: clinical features, risk factors and effcacy of ribavirin therapy. J. Infect. (2005).
82. Cevik MA, Elaldi N, Akinci E et al.: A preliminary study to evaluate the effect of intravenous ribavirin treatment on survival rates in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. J. Infect. 57(4), 350-351 (2008).
83. Dizbay M, Aktas F, Gaygisiz U, Ozger HS, Ozdemir K: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever treated with ribavirin in a pregnant woman. J. Infect. 59(4), 281-283 (2009).
84. Elaldi N, Bodur H, Ascioglu S et al.: Effcacy of oral ribavirin treatment in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: a quasi-experimental study from Turkey. J. Infect. 58(3), 238-244 (2009).
85. Izadi S, Salehi M: Evaluation of the effcacy of ribavirin therapy on survival of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever patients: a case-control study. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 62(1), 11-15 (2009).
86. Tasdelen Fisgin N, Ergonul O, Doganci L, Tulek N: The role of ribavirin in the therapy of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: early use is promising. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 28(8), 929-933 (2009).
87. Ergonul O, Celikbas A, Baykam N, Eren S, Dokuzoguz B: Analysis of risk-factors among patients with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus infection: severity criteria revisited. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 12(6), 551-554 (2006).
88. Vassilenko SM, Vassilev TL, Bozadjiev LG, Bineva IL, Kazarov GZ: Specifc intravenous immunoglobulin for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever. Lancet 335 (8692), 791-792 (1990).
89. Andersson I, Bladh L, Mousavi-Jazi M et al.: Human MxA protein inhibits the replication of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. J. Virol. 78(8), 4323-4329 (2004).
90. Andersson I, Lundkvist A, Haller O, Mirazimi A: Type I interferon inhibits Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in human target cells. J. Med. Virol. 78(2), 216-222 (2006).