The contribution of tourism to micro and small enterprise growth

Tourism Economics

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 953-964

  Mshenga, Patience M ^a   Richardson, Robert B ^b   Njehia, Bernard K ^a   Birachi, Eliud A ^a  

^a EGERTON UNIVERSITY   (Kenya)

^b MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Business growth; Coastal tourism; Economic development; Kenya; Micro and small enterprises

Indexed keywords

COASTAL ZONE; DEVELOPING WORLD; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC GROWTH; MICROENTERPRISE; SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISE; TOURISM ECONOMICS;

KENYA;

EID: 78649894932     PISSN: 13548166     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5367/te.2010.0018     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Akama, J. S. (1997), 'Tourism development in Kenya: problems and policy alternatives', Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, Vol 3, pp 95-105.
2. Ashley, C., Boyd, C., and Goodwin, H. (2000), 'Pro-poor tourism: putting poverty at the heart of the tourism agenda', Natural Resource Perspectives, Vol 51, pp 1-6.
3. Bachmann, P. (1988) Tourism in Kenya: A Basic Need for Whom?, Peter Lang, Berne.
4. Barbieri, C., and Mshenga, P. M. (2008), 'The role of the firm and owner characteristics on the performance of agritourism farms', Sociologia Ruralis, Vol 48, No 2, pp 166-183.
5. Basu, A., and Goswami, A. (1999), 'Determinants of South Asian entrepreneurial growth in Britain: a multivariate analysis', Small Business Economics, Vol 13, pp 57-70.
6. Bates, T. (1990), 'Entrepreneur human capital inputs and small business longevity', Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol 72, No 4, pp 551-559.
7. Bensako, D., Dranove, D., Shanley, M., and Schaeffer, S. (2004), Economics of Strategy, 3rd edn, John Wiley and Sons, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
8. Campbell, C. A. (1992), 'A decision theory model for entrepreneurial acts, ' Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice, Vol 17, pp 21-27.
9. Casson, M. C. (1991), The Entrepreneur: An Economic Theory, Gregg Revivals, London.
10. Cooper, A. C., Gimeno-Gascon, F. J., and Woo, C. Y. (1994), 'Initial human and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol 9, pp 371-395.
11. Cressy, R. (1996), 'Are business start-ups debt rationed', Economic Journal, Vol 106, No 438, pp 1253-1270.
12. Crompton, L., and McKay, S. (1997), 'Motives of visitors attending festival events', Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 24, No 2, pp 425-439.
13. Dietmer, H., Konrad, S., and Woywode, M. (1998), 'Legal form, growth and exit of West German firms - empirical results for manufacturing, construction, trade and service industries', The Journal of Industrial Economics, Vol 46, No 4, pp 453-488.
14. Evans, D. S. (1987), 'The relationship between firm growth, size and age: estimates for 100 manufacturing industries', The Journal of Industrial Economics, Vol 35, pp 567-581.
15. Getz, D. (1993), 'Festivals and special events', in Khan, M. A., Olsen, M. D., and Var, T., eds, Encyclopedia of Hospitality and Tourism, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp 789-810.
16. Glancey, K. (1998), 'Determinants of growth and profitability in small entrepreneurial firms', International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, Vol 4, No 3, pp 18-27.
17. Goodwin, H. (1998), 'Sustainable tourism and poverty alleviation', Discussion Paper for DFID/DETR Workshop on Sustainable Tourism and Poverty, 13 October 1998, Department for International Development, London.
18. Government of Kenya (2006), Economic Survey, Government Printers, Nairobi.
19. Haber, S., and Reichel, A. (2005), 'Identifying performance measures of small ventures: the case of the tourism industry', Journal of Small Business Management, Vol 43, No 3, pp 257-287.
20. Jommo, R. B. (1987), 'Indigenous enterprise in Kenya's tourism industry', The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva.
21. Joosten, M., and Marwijk, R. (2003), 'A small contribution? Small tourism entrepreneurs and sustainable development in Malindi', MSc thesis, Recreation and Tourism, K400-753, Wageningen University, Netherlands.
22. Jovanovic, B. (1982), 'Selection and evolution of industry', Econometrica, Vol 50, No 3, pp 649-670.
23. Lundgren, J. (1973), 'Tourist impact/island entrepreneurship in the Caribbean', presented to the conference of Latin American Geographers, Calgary, 28-30 June 1973.
24. Mathieson, A., and Wall, G. (1982), Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts, Prentice Hall, New York.
25. Migot-Adholla, S. E., Mkangi, K. G. C., and Mbindo, J. (1982), 'Study of tourism in Kenya', IDS Consultancy Report No 7, Institute for Development Studies, Nairobi, pp 7.
26. Ondicho, T. G. (2000), 'International tourism in Kenya: development, problems and challenges', Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review, Vol 16, No 2, pp 49-70.
27. Page, S. J., Forer, P., and Lawton, G. R. (1999), 'Small business development and tourism: terra incognita?', Tourism Management, Vol 20, pp 435-459.
28. Papadaki, E., and Chami, B. (2002), 'Growth determinants of micro-businesses in Canada', Small Business Policy Branch, Industry Canada, Ottawa.
29. Phillips, P. A. (1996), 'Strategic planning and business performance in the quoted UK hotel sector: results of an exploratory study', International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol 15, No 4, pp 347-362.
30. Saville, N. M. (2001), 'Practical strategies for pro-poor tourism: case study of pro-poor tourism and SNV in Humla District, West Nepal', Working Paper No 3, Pro-Poor Tourism Partnership, Centre for Responsible Tourism, Greenwich, pp 53.
31. Shaw, G., and Williams, A. M. (1997), Critical Issues in Tourism. A Geographical Perspective, Blackwell Publishers Inc, Oxford.
32. Sindiga, I. (1999), Tourism and African Development - Change and Challenge of Tourism in Kenya, African Studies Centre, Leiden University, Leiden.
33. Summary, R. (1983), 'Tourism's contribution to the economy of Kenya', presented at the Twenty-Sixth Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, 7-10 December 1983, Boston, MA.
34. Telfer, D. J., and Wall, G. (1996), 'Linkages between tourism and food production', Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 23, No 3, pp 635-653.
35. Telfer, D. J., and Wall, G. (2000), 'Strengthening backward economic linkages: local food purchasing by three Indonesian hotels', Tourism Geographies, Vol 2, No 4, pp 421-447.
36. Torres, R. (2003), 'Linkages between tourism and agriculture in Quintana Roo, Mexico', Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 30, No 3, pp 546-566.
37. Torres, R., and Momsen, J. H. (2004), 'Challenges and potential for linking tourism and agriculture to achieve pro-poor tourism objectives', Progress in Development Studies, Vol 4, No 4, pp 294-318.
38. World Travel and Tourism Council (2007), Travel and Tourism Economy Employment, Economic Data Search Tool (http://www.wttc.org/eng/Tourism-Research/ Economic-Data-Search-Tool/, accessed 28 September 2008).