Descriptive spatial analysis of the cholera epidemic 2008-2009 in Harare, Zimbabwe: A secondary data analysis

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 105, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 38-45

  Luque Fernández, Miguel Ángel ^a   Mason, Peter R ^b   Gray, Henry ^a   Bauernfeind, Ariane ^a   Fesselet, Jean François ^a   Maes, Peter ^a  

^a MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE   (Zimbabwe)

Author keywords

Africa; Cholera; Disease Outbreaks; Epidemiology; Zimbabwe

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILD; CHOLERA; DATA ANALYSIS; DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; SANITATION; SCHOOL CHILD; WATER QUALITY; ZIMBABWE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CHOLERA; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POISSON DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK FACTORS; SANITATION; SPACE-TIME CLUSTERING; YOUNG ADULT; ZIMBABWE;

EID: 78649711578     PISSN: 00359203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.10.001     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Mason P.R. Zimbabwe experiences the worst epidemic of cholera in Africa. J Infect Dev Ctries 2009, 3:148-151.
2. Outbreak news. Cholera, Zimbabwe. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2008; 83:449-50.
3. Cholera outbreak, Zimbabwe. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2009; 84:50-2.
4. Fisher D. Cholera in Zimbabwe. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2009, 38:82.
5. Cholera, Zimbabwe-update. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2009; 84:109-10.
6. Epidemic cholera-Burundi and Zimbabwe, 1992-1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993; 42:407-9; 15-6.
7. Bradley M., Shakespeare R., Ruwende A., Woolhouse M.E., Mason E., Munatsi A. Epidemiological features of epidemic cholera (El Tor) in Zimbabwe. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1996, 90:378-382.
8. Truscott R. Zimbabwe appeals for medical aid as it declares state of emergency over cholera epidemic. BMJ 2008, 337:a2942.
9. Ncayiyana D.J. The Zimbabwe mayhem-how many people must die for the neighbours to act?. S Afr Med J 2009, 99:7.
10. Truscott R. Zimbabwe faces a " major health disaster," as hospitals close. BMJ 2008, 337:a2710.
11. Zarocostas J. Aid organisations warn Zimbabwe's cholera crisis is far from over. BMJ 2009, 338:b693.
12. Drakakis-Smith D.W. The changing economic role of women in the urbanization process: a preliminary report from Zimbabwe. Int MigrRev 1984, 18:1278-1292.
13. Drakakis-Smith D.W. Food systems and the poor in Harare under conditions of structural adjustment. Geogr Ann 1994, 76 B:3-20.
14. Emch M. Diarrheal disease risk in Matlab, Bangladesh. Soc Sci Med 1999, 49:519-530.
15. Emch M., Yunus M., Escamilla V., Feldacker C., AN M. Local population and regional environmental drivers of cholera in Bangladesh. Environ Health 2010, 9:2.
16. Hartley D.M., Morris J.G., Smith D.L. Hyperinfectivity: a critical element in the ability of V. cholerae to cause epidemics?. PLoS Med 2006, 3:e7.
17. Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. 2008. [accesed 11 January 2010]. http://esa.un.org/unpp.
18. Bauernfeind A., Croisier A., Fesselet J.F., Van Hep M., Le Saoût E., Cluskey J.M. Cholera Guidelines 2004, Médecins Sans Frontières, France. 2nd ed.
19. Desenclos J.C., Vaillant V., Delarocque Astagneau E., Campese C., Che D., Coignard B., et al. Principles of an outbreak investigation in public health practice [in French]. Med Mai Infect 2007, 37:77-94.
20. Hauri A.M., Uphoff H. Tasks, principles and methods of applied infectious disease epidemiology/field epidemiology [in German]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2005, 48:1013-1019.
21. Kapperud G. Investigation of outbreaks of food-borne diseases [in Norwegian]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1996, 116:3329-3334.
22. Fleiss J.L., Levin B., Cho-Pai M. Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions 2003, Wiley-lnterscience, Hoboken, USA. 3rd ed.
23. Dupont W.D. Statistical modeling for biomedical researchers: a simple introduction to the analysis of complex data 2002, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
24. Rabe-Hesketh S., Skrrondal A. Multilevel and longitudinal modeling using Stata 2008, Stata Press, Texas. 2nd ed.
25. Breslow N.E., Clayton D.G. Statistical Methods in Cancer Research. Vol II-Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies 1987, IARC, Lyon.
26. Watts R. Low-cost water supplies and their contribution to health. Afr Health 1992, 15:10-11.
27. Gumbo B. Re-engineering the urban drainage system for resource recovery and protection of drinking water supplies. Schriftenr Ver Wasser Boden Lufthyg 2000, 105:15-21.
28. Glass Rl, Becker S., Huq Ml, Stoll B.J., Khan M.U., Merson M.H., et al. Endemic cholera in rural Bangladesh, 1966-1980. Am J Epidemiol 1982, 116:959-970.
29. Feachem R.G. Environmental aspects of cholera epidemiology. III. Transmission and control. Trop Dis Bull 1982, 79:1-47.
30. Nelson E.J., Chowdhury A., Flynn J., Schild S., Bourassa L., Shao Y., et al. Transmission of Vibrio cholerae is antagonized by lytic phage and entry into the aquatic environment. PLoS Pathog 2008, 4:e1000187.
31. Merrell D.S., Butler S.M., Qadri F., Dolganov N.A., Alam A., Cohen M.B., et al. Host-induced epidemic spread of the cholera bacterium. Nature 2002, 417:642-645.