The McDonaldization of Childhood: ChildreN's Mental Health in Neo-liberal Market Cultures

Transcultural Psychiatry

Volumn 47, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 686-706

  Timimi, Sami ^a  

^a LINCOLN UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

child rearing; childhood; culture; history; narcissism; neo liberal; psychiatric diagnosis

Indexed keywords

AMPHETAMINE; DEXAMPHETAMINE; METHYLPHENIDATE;

ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD PARENT RELATION; CHILD PSYCHIATRY; CHILDHOOD; COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; EMOTIONAL DISORDER; FAMILY LIFE; GOVERNMENT; HUMAN; HUMAN RIGHTS; LIFESTYLE; MENTAL STRESS; NARCISSISM; POLICY; POLITICAL SYSTEM; PRESCRIPTION; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS; PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING; REARING; REVIEW; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

ADOLESCENT; AFFECTIVE SYMPTOMS; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CAPITALISM; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; CHILD REARING; COMMERCE; CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DRUG INDUSTRY; DRUG UTILIZATION; FAMILY RELATIONS; HAPPINESS; HUMANS; LIFE STYLE; MENTAL DISORDERS; NARCISSISM; OBJECT ATTACHMENT; PARENTING; POLITICS; PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS; SOCIAL VALUES;

EID: 78649504960     PISSN: 13634615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1363461510381158     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Althusser, L. (1969). For Marx. London, UK: Allen Lane.
2. Aries, P. (1962). Centuries of childhood. London, UK: Jonathan Cape.
3. Banhatti, R., Dwivedi, K., & Maitra, B. (2006). Childhood: An Indian perspective. In S. Timimi & B. Maitra (Eds.), Critical voices in child and adolescent mental health (pp. 75-96). London, UK: Free Association Books.
4. Beckett, C. (2005). The Swedish myth: Corporal punishment ban and child death statistics. British Journal of Social Work, 35, 125-138.
5. British Medical Association. (2006). Child and adolescent mental health: A guide for professionals. London, UK: British Medical Association.
6. Burman, E. (2005). Childhood, neo-liberalism and the feminization of education. Gender and Education, 17, 351-367.
7. Calvert, K. (1992). Children in the house: The material culture of early childhood, 1600-1900. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press.
8. Cederblad, M. (1988). Behavioural disorders in children from different cultures. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia, 78(S344), 85-92.
9. Cohen, D., & Timimi, S. (Eds.). (2008). Libratory psychiatry: Philosophy, politics and mental health. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
10. Cunningham, H. (1995). Children and childhood in western society since 1500. London, UK: Longman.
11. Department of Health, NHSE. (2005). Prescription cost analysis England 2004. Retrieved from http://www.dh.gov.uk/PublicationsAndStatistics/Publications/PublicationsStatistics/PublicationsStatisticsArticle/fs/en?CONTENT_ID=4107504&chk=nsvFE0
12. Dodds, C. (2005). Latest NICE guidelines sets new standards for treating depression in children and young people. Retrieved from http://www.nice.org.uk/pdf/2005_022_Depression_in_Children_Guideline.pdf
13. Duncan, B., Miller, S., & Sparks, J. (2004). The heroic client. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
14. Dwivedi, K.N. (1996). Culture and personality. In K. N. Dwivedi & V. P. Varma (Eds.), Meeting the needs of ethnic minority children (pp. 42-65). London, UK: Jessica Kingsley.
15. Elias, N. (1939). The civilizing process. New York, NY: Blackwell.
16. Flanagan, P. (2005). 40% of working mums slide into depression. Daily Express (2 June): 15.
17. Harkness, S., & Super, C. (Eds.). (1996). Parents’ cultural belief systems: Their origins, expressions and consequences. London, UK: Guilford Press.
18. Hendrick, H. (1997). Constructions and reconstructions of British childhood: An interpretive survey, 1800 to the present. In A. James & A. Prout (Eds.), Constructing and reconstructing childhood: Contemporary issues in the sociological study of childhood (pp. 28-56). London, UK: Falmer Press.
19. Hopper, K., Harrison, G., Janka, A., & Sartorius, N. (Eds.). (2007). Recovery from Schizophrenia: An international perspective. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
20. International Narcotics Control Board (INCB). (2004). Comments on the reported statistics on psychotropic substances. Retrieved from http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/tr/psy/2004/psychotropics_comments.pdf
21. International Narcotics Control Board (INCB). (2005). Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2005. Retrieved from http://www.incb.org/incb/en/annual_report_2005.html
22. James, O. (2007). Affluenza. London, UK: Vermilion.
23. Jenkins, H. (1998). Introduction: Childhood innocence and other modern myths. In H. Jenkins (Ed.), The children's culture reader (pp. 1-37). New York, NY: New York University Press.
24. Kirmayer, L.J. (2006). Beyond the ‘new cross-cultural psychiatry’: Cultural biology, discursive psychology and the ironies of globalization. Transcultural Psychiatry, 43(1), 126-144.
25. Lasch, C. (1980). The culture of narcissism. London, UK: Norton (Abacus).
26. LeFever, G.B., Dawson, K.V., & Morrow, A.D. (1999). The extent of drug therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children in public schools. American Journal of Public Health, 89, 1359-1364.
27. Maitra, B. (2006). Culture and the mental health of children: The cutting edge of expertise. In S. Timimi & B. Maitra (Eds.), Critical voices in child and adolescent mental health (pp. 48--74). London, UK: Free Association Books.
28. Martin, J., & Sugarman, J. (2000). Between the modern and the postmodern: The possibility of self and progressive understanding in psychology. American Psychologist, 55, 397-406.
29. McMunn, A.N., Nazroo, J.Y., Marmot, M.G., Boreham, R., & Goodman, R. (2001). Children's emotional and behavioural well-being and the family environment: Findings from the Health Survey for England. Social Science and Medicine, 53, 423-440.
30. Moncrieff, J. (2008). Neoliberalism and biopsychiatry: A marriage of convenience. In C. Cohen & S. Timimi (Eds.), Libratory psychiatry (pp. 235-257). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
31. Obeyesekere, G. (1977). The theory and practice of psychological medicine in Ayurvedic tradition. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 1, 155-181.
32. Olfson, M., Marcus, S.C., Weissman, M.M., & Jensen, P.S. (2002). National trends in the use of psychotropic medications by children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 514-521.
33. Pillai, A., Patel, V., Cardozo, P., Goodman, R., Weiss, H.A., & Andrew, G. (2008). Non-traditional lifestyles and prevalence of mental disorders in adolescents in Goa, India. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 192, 45-51.
34. Prout, A., & James, A. (1997). A new paradigm for the sociology of childhood? Provenance, promise and problems. In A. James & A. Prout (Eds.), Constructing and re-constructing childhood: Contemporary issues in the sociological study of childhood (pp. 7-33). London, UK: Falmer Press.
35. Richards, B. (1989). Visions of freedom. Free Associations, 16, 31-42.
36. Rose, N. (1999). Powers of freedom: Reframing political thought. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
37. Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. London, UK: Routledge.
38. Said, E. (1981). Covering Islam. London, UK: Routledge.
39. Sharav, V. (2006). ADHD drug risks: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular problems. Retrieved from http://www.ahrp.org/cms/content/view/76/28/
40. Sommerville, J. (1982). The rise and fall of childhood. London, UK: Sage.
41. Stephens, S. (1995). Children and the politics of culture in ‘Late Capitalism’. In S. Stephens (Ed.), Children and the politics of culture (pp. 3-48). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
42. Summerfield, D. (2008). How scientifically valid is the knowledge base of global mental health? British Medical Journal, 336, 992-994.
43. Tait, G. (2006). A brief philosophical examination of ADHD. In G. Lloyd, J. Stead, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Critical new perspectives on ADHD (pp. 83-95). Oxford, UK: Routledge.
44. Timimi, S. (2002). Pathological child psychiatry and the medicalization of childhood. London, UK: Brunner-Routledge.
45. Timimi, S. (2004). Rethinking childhood depression. British Medical Journal, 329, 1394-1396.
46. Timimi, S. (2005a). Effect of globalisation on children's mental health. British Medical Journal, 331, 37-39.
47. Timimi, S. (2005b). Naughty boys: Anti-social behaviour, ADHD, and the role of culture. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
48. Timimi, S. (2006). Childhood depression? In S. Timimi & B. Maitra (Eds.), Critical voices in child and adolescent mental health. London, UK: Free Association Books.
49. Timimi, S. (2007). Misunderstanding ADHD: The complete guide for parents to alternatives to drugs. Milton Keynes, UK: Authorhouse.
50. Timimi, S. (2008). Child psychiatry and its relationship to the pharmaceutical industry: Theoretical and practical issues. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 14, 3-9.
51. Timimi, S., & 33 co-endorsers (2004). A critique of the international consensus statement on ADHD. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 7, 59-63.
52. Timimi, S., & Leo, J. (Eds.). (2009). Rethinking ADHD: From brain to culture. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
53. Timimi, S., & Maitra, B. (Eds.). (2006). Critical voices in child and adolescent mental health. London, UK: Free Association Books.
54. Trommsdorff, G. (2002). An eco-cultural and interpersonal relations approach to development of the lifespan. In W. J. Lonner, D. L. Dinnel, S. A. Hayes, & D. N. Sattler (Eds.), Online readings in psychology and culture (Unit 12, Chapter 1). Washington, DC: Center for Cross-Cultural Research, Western Washington University.
55. Unicef (2001). A league table of child deaths by injury in rich nations. Florence: Innocenti Report Card No2, UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre.
56. Wampold, B.E. (2001). The great psychotherapy debate. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
57. Wolfenstein, M. (1955). Fun morality: An analysis of recent child-training literature. In M. Mead & M. Wolfenstein (Eds.), Childhood in contemporary cultures (pp. 168-178). Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
58. Wong, I.C., Murray, M.L., Camilleri-Novak, D., & Stephens, P. (2004). Increased prescribing trends of paediatric psychotropic medications. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 89, 1131-1132.
59. World Health Organization (WHO) (Europe). (2009). Mental health, resilience and inequalities. Copenhagen, Denmark: Author.
60. Zito, J.M., Safer, D.J., Dosreis, S., Gardner, J.F., Boles, J., & Lynch, F. (2000). Trends in prescribing of psychotropic medication in pre-schoolers. Journal of the American Medical Association, 283, 1025-1030.