Involvement of salivary glands in regulating the human nitrate and nitrite levels

Archives of Oral Biology

Volumn 55, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 613-620

  Chen, C ^a   Ren, F ^b   Lu, T ^a   Friis, T ^c   He, T ^d   Zhang, X ^d   Jian, Y ^d  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY CANCER CENTER   (China)

^b SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Australia)

^d SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Homeostasis; Nitrate; Nitrite; Regulation; Salivary glands; Xerostomia

Indexed keywords

EID: 78149358703     PISSN: 00039969     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.05.016     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Xia DS, Deng DJ, Wang SL. Destruction of parotid glands affects nitrate and nitrite metabolism. J Dent Res 2003;82:101-5.
2. Xia DS, Deng DJ, Wang SL. Alterations of nitrate and nitrite content in saliva, serum, and urine in patients with salivary dysfunction. J Oral Pathol Med 2003;32:95-9.
3. Pow EH, Kwong DL, McMillan AS, Wong MC, Sham JS, Leung LH, et al. Xerostomia and quality of life after intensitymodulated radiotherapy vs. conventional radiotherapy for early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma: initial report on a randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:981-91.
4. Dirix P, Nuyts S, van den Bogaert W. Radiation-induced xerostomia in patients with head and neck cancer: a literature review. Cancer 2006;107:2525-34. (Pubitemid 44845604)
5. Marzi S, Iaccarino G, Pasciuti K, Soriani A, Benassi M, Arcangeli G, et al. Analysis of salivary flow and dose-volume modeling of complication incidence in patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;73: 1252-9.
6. Munter MW, Karger CP, Hoffner SG, Hof H, Thilmann C, Rudat V, et al. Evaluation of salivary gland function after treatment of head-and-neck tumors with intensitymodulated radiotherapy by quantitative pertechnetate scintigraphy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004;58:175-84. (Pubitemid 38010351)
7. Helaleh MI, Korenaga T. Ion chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of nitrate and nitrite in human saliva. J Chromatogr B 2000;744:433-7. (Pubitemid 30456324)
8. Jobgen WS, Jobgen SC, Li H, Meininger CJ, Wu G. Analysis of nitrite and nitrate in biological samples using highperformance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B 2007;851:71-82. (Pubitemid 46720130)
9. de Borba BM, Rohrer JS, Pohl CA, Saini C. Determination of trace concentrations of bromate in municipal and bottled drinking waters using a hydroxide-selective column with ion chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2005;1085:23-32. (Pubitemid 40992829)
10. Stephens LC, Schultheiss TE, Price RE, Ang KK, Peters LJ. Radiation apoptosis of serous acinar cells of salivary and lacrimal glands. Cancer 1991;67:1539-43.
11. Godfrey M, Majid DS. Renal handling of circulating nitrates in anesthetized dogs. Am J Physiol 1998;275:F68-73. (Pubitemid 28376335)
12. Spiegelhalder B, Eisenbrand G, Preussman R. Influence of dietary nitrate on nitrite content of human saliva: possible relevance to in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds. Food Cosmet Toxicol 1976;14:545-8. (Pubitemid 8050597)
13. Lundberg JO, Feelisch M, Bjorne H, Jansson EA, Weitzberg E. Cardioprotective effects of vegetables: is nitrate the answer? Nitric Oxide 2006;15:359-62.
14. Granli T, Dahl R, Brodin P, Bockman OC. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations in human saliva: variations with salivary flow-rate. Food Chem Toxicol 1989;27:675-80. (Pubitemid 20027010)
15. Ishiwata H, Tanimura A, Ishidate M. Nitrite and nitrate concentrations in human saliva collected from salivary ducts. J Food Hyg Soc Jpn 1975;16:89-92.
16. Duncan C, Li H, Dykhuizen R, Frazer R, Johnston P, MacKnight G, et al. Protection against oral and gastrointestinal diseases: importance of dietary nitrate intake, oral nitrate reduction and enterosalivary nitrate circulation. Comp Biochem Physiol A Physiol 1997;118: 939-48. (Pubitemid 28087951)
17. Doel JJ, Benjamin N, Hector MP, Rogers M, Allaker RP. Evaluation of bacterial nitrate reduction in the human oral cavity. Eur J Oral Sci 2005;113:14-9. (Pubitemid 40313834)
18. Ellis G, Adatia I, Yazdanpanah M, Makela SK. Nitrite and nitrate analyses: a clinical biochemistry perspective. Clin Biochem 1998;31:195-220. (Pubitemid 28285351)
19. Leitao RF, Ribeiro RA, Bellaguarda EA, Macedo FD, Silva LR, Oria RB, et al. Role of nitric oxide on pathogenesis of 5-fluorouracil induced experimental oral mucositis in hamster. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2007;59:603-12.
20. Petersson J, Carlstrom M, Schreiber O, Phillipson M, Christoffersson G, Jagare A, et al. Gastroprotective and blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate are abolished by an antiseptic mouthwash. Free Radic Biol Med 2009;46: 1068-75.
21. Llory H, Dammron A, Frank RM. Changes in the oral flora following bucco-pharyngeal radiotherapy. Arch Oral Biol 1971;16:617-30.
22. Brown LR, Dreizen S, Handler S, Johnston DA. Effect of radiation-induced xerostomia on human oral microflora. J Dent Res 1975;54:740-50.
23. Almstahl A, Wikstrom M, Stenberg I, Jakobsson A, Fagerberg-Mohlin B. Oral microbiota associated with hyposalivation of different origins. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2003;18:1-8. (Pubitemid 36596699)
24. Cingi MI, Cingi C, Cingi E. Influence of dietary nitrate on nitrite level of human saliva. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1992;48:83-8.
25. de Almeida Pdel V, Gregio AM, Machado MA, de Lima AA, Azevedo LR. Saliva composition and functions: a comprehensive review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008;9:72-80.
26. McKnight GM, Smith LM, Drummond RS, Duncan CW, Golden M, Benjamin N, et al. Chemical synthesis of nitric oxide in the stomach from dietary nitrate in humans. Gut 1997;40:211-4. (Pubitemid 27093095)
27. Bjorne H, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO. Intragastric generation of antimicrobial nitrogen oxides from saliva-physiological and therapeutic considerations. Free Radic Biol Med 2006;41:1404-12.
28. Bryan NS. Nitrite in nitric oxide biology: cause or consequence? A systems-based review. Free Radic Biol Med 2006;41:691-701.
29. Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E, Cole JA, Benjamin N. Nitrate, bacteria and human health. Nat Rev Microbiol 2004;2: 593-602.
30. Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E. The biological role of nitrate and nitrite: the times they are a-changin. Nitric Oxide 2010;22: 61-3.
31. Larsen FJ, Ekblom B, Sahlin K, Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E. Effects of dietary nitrate on blood pressure in healthy volunteers. N Engl J Med 2006;355:2792-3. (Pubitemid 46021534)
32. Hamid Q, Springall DR, Riveros-Moreno V, Chanez P, Howarth P, Redington A, et al. Induction of nitric oxide synthase in asthma. Lancet 1993;342:1510-3. (Pubitemid 23362167)
33. Mannick EE, Bravo LE, Zarama G, Realpe JL, Zhang XJ, Ruiz B, et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori gastritis: effects of antibiotics and antioxidants. Cancer Res 1996;56:3238-43. (Pubitemid 26242970)
34. Arias-Diaz J, Vara E, Torres-Melero J, Garcia C, Baki W, Ramirez-Armengol JA, et al. Nitrite/nitrate and cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of lung cancer patients. Cancer 1994;74:1546-51. (Pubitemid 24302973)
35. Szaleczky E, Pronai L, Nakazawa H, Tulassay Z. Evidence of in vivo peroxynitrite formation in patients with colorectal carcinoma, higher plasma nitrate/nitrite levels, and lower protection against oxygen free radicals. J Clin Gastroenterol 2000;30:47-51. (Pubitemid 30032653)
36. Moriyama A, Tabaru A, Unoki H, Abe S, Masumoto A, Otsuki M, et al. Plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations as a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2000;296:181-91. (Pubitemid 30243150)
37. Cruickshank J, Moyes JM. The presence and significance of nitrites in urine. Br Med J 1914;2:712-3.
38. Wagner DA, Schultz DS, Deen WM, Young VR, Tannenbaum SR. Metabolic fate of an oral dose of 15N-labeled nitrate in humans: effect of diet supplementation with ascorbic acid. Cancer Res 1983;43:1921-5.