The plant debris beds of the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, southern England: Their genesis and palaeontological significance

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Volumn 292, Issue 3-4, 2010, Pages 409-424

  Sweetman, Steven C ^a   Insole, Allan N ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PORTSMOUTH   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Debris flow; Dinosaurs; Early Cretaceous; Microvertebrate; Southern England; Wealden

Indexed keywords

CONGLOMERATE; CRETACEOUS; DEBRIS FLOW; DINOSAUR; FLOODPLAIN; FLUVIAL DEPOSIT; FOSSIL RECORD; GRABEN; LACUSTRINE DEPOSIT; MOLLUSC; MUDSTONE; PALEOBOTANY; TAPHONOMY; TERRESTRIAL DEPOSIT;

ENGLAND; ISLE OF WIGHT; UNITED KINGDOM;

DINOSAURIA; MOLLUSCA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 78149248029     PISSN: 00310182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.03.055     Document Type: Article

References (138)

1. Allen, J.R.L., 1974. Studies in fluviatile sedimentation: implications of pedogenic carbonate units. Lower Old Red Sandstone, Anglo-Welsh outcrop. Geological Journal 9, 181-208.
2. Allen, P., 1975. Wealden of the Weald: A New Model. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 86, 389-438.
3. Allen, P., 1989. Wealden Research - Ways Ahead. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 100, 529-564.
4. Allen, P., 1998. Purbeck-Wealden (early Cretaceous) Climates. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 109, 197-236.
5. Allen, D.J., Holloway, S., 1984. Investigation of the Geothermal Potential of the UK: The Wessex Basin. British Geological Survey, London.
6. Allen, J.R.L., Williams, B.P.J., 1979. Interfluvial drainage on Siluro-Devonian alluvial plains in Wales and the Welsh Borders. Journal of the Geological Society of London 136, 361-366.
7. Allen, P., Wimbledon, W.A., 1991. Correlation of NW European Purbeck-Wealden (nonmarine Lower Cretaceous) as seen from the English type-areas. Cretaceous Research 12, 511-526.
8. Alvin, K.L., 1983. Reconstruction of a Lower Cretaceous conifer. Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society 86, 169-176.
9. Alvin, K.L., Fraser, C.J., Spicer, R.A., 1981. Anatomy and palaeoecology of Pseudofrenelopsis and associated conifers in the English Wealden. Palaeontology 24, 759-778.
10. Anderson, F.W., 1967. Ostracods from the Weald Clay of England. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Great Britain 27, 237-269.
11. Andrews, P., 1995. Time resolution of the Miocene fauna from Paşalar. Journal of Human Evolution 28, 343-358.
12. Andrews, P., Ersoy, A., 1990. Taphonomy of the Miocene bone accumulations at Paşalar. Journal of Human Evolution 19, 379-396.
13. Barker, M.J., Munt, M.C., Radley, J.D., 1997. The first recorded trigonioidoidean bivalve from Europe. Palaeontology 40, 955-963.
14. Batten, D.J., 1975. Wealden Palaeoecology from the Distribution of Fossil Plants. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 85 (for 1974), pp. 433-458.
15. Batten, D.J., 1998. Palaeoenvironmental implications of plant, insect and other organicwalled microfossils in the Weald Clay Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of southeast England. Cretaceous Research 19, 279-315.
16. Batten, D.J., Dutta, R.J., Knobloch, E., 1996. Differentiation, affinities and palaeoenvironmental significance of the megaspores Arcellites and Bohemisporites in Wealden and other Cretaceous successions. Cretaceous Research 17, 39-65.
17. Behrensmeyer, A.K., 1991. Terrestrial vertebrate accumulations. In: Allison, P.A., Briggs, D.E.G. (Eds.), Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record. Plenum Press, London, pp. 291-335.
18. Bell, C.M., Padian, K., 1995. Pterosaur fossils from the Cretaceous of Chile: evidence for a pterosaur colony on an inland desert plain. Geological Magazine 132, 31-38.
19. Benton, M.J., Spencer, P.S., 1995. Fossil Reptiles of Great Britain. Chapman & Hall, London.
20. Bestland, E., 1990. Sedimentology and paleopedology of Miocene alluvial deposits at the Paşalar hominoid site, Turkey. Journal of Human Evolution 19, 363-377.
21. Bluck, B.J., Kelling, G., 1963. Channels from the Upper Carboniferous Coal Measures of South Wales. Sedimentology 1, 29-53.
22. Bray, P.S., Anderson, K.B., 2008. The nature and fate of natural resins in the geosphere XIII: a probable pinaceous resin from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian), Isle of Wight. Geochemical Transactions 9, 3 a free access electronic journal available at http://www.geochemicaltransactions.com.
23. Bridge, J.S., Mackey, S.D., 1993. A revised alluvial stratigraphy model. In: Marzo, M., Puigdefábregas, C. (Eds.), Alluvial Sedimentation. Special Publications, International Association of Sedimentologists, 17. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 319-336.
24. Brun, S.E., Choukroune, P., 1983. Normal faulting, block tilting, and decollement in a stretched crust. Tectonics 2, 345-356.
25. Buffetaut, E., Ford, R., 1979. The crocodilian Bernissartia in the Wealden of the Isle of Wight. Palaeontology 22, 905-912.
26. Buffetaut, E., Hutt, S., 1980. Vectisuchus leptognathus, n. g. n. sp., a slender-snouted goniopholid crocodilian from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie. Momatshefte 1980, 385-390.
27. Bull, W.B., 1972. Recognition of alluvial-fan deposits in the stratigraphic record. In: Rigby, K.J., Hamblin, W.K. (Eds.), Recognition of Ancient Sedimentary Environments. Special Publication of the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 16. Tulsa, Oklahoma, pp. 68-83.
28. Butler, P.M., Ford, R., 1975. Discovery of Cretaceous Mammals on the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Isle of Wight Natural History and Archaeological Society 6, 662-663.
29. Canfield, D.E., Raiswell, R., 1991. Pyrite formation and fossil preservation. In: Allison, P.A., Briggs, D.E.G. (Eds.), Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record. Plenum Press, London, pp. 337-387.
30. Carson, G.A., 1991. Silicification of fossils. In: Allison, P.A., Briggs, D.E.G. (Eds.), Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record. Plenum Press, London, pp. 456-493.
31. Chadwick, R.A., 1985. End Jurassic-Early Cretaceous sedimentation and subsidence (late Portlandian to Barremian), and the late-Cimmerian unconformity. In: Whitaker, A. (Ed.), Atlas of Onshore Sedimentary Basins in England and Wales: Post-Carboniferous Tectonics and Stratigraphy. Blackie, London, pp. 52-56.
32. Clarke, J.B., 1994. Authigenic minerals in vertebrate fossils from the Wealden Group (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight. Geological Curator 6, 11-15.
33. Clarke, J.B., Barker, M.J., 1993. Diagenesis in Iguanodon bones from the Wealden Group, Isle of Wight, southern England. Kaupia Darmstdten Beitrage zur Naturgieschichte 2, 57-65.
34. Collinson, J.D., 1996. Alluvial sediments. In: Reading, H.G. (Ed.), Sedimentary Environments: Processes. Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 37-82.
35. Collinson, M.E., Featherstone, C., Cripps, J.A., Nichols, G.J., Scott, A.C., 1999. Charcoal-rich plant debris accumulations in the Lower Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight, England. Acta Palaeobotanica supplement 2, 93-105.
36. Cope, M.J., Chaloner, W.G., 1980. Fossil charcoal as evidence of past atmospheric composition. Nature 283, 647-649.
37. Daley, B., Stewart, D.J., 1979. Week-end Field Meeting: The Wealden Group in the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 90, 51-54.
38. Duffin, C., 1979. Coprolites: a brief review with reference to specimens from the Rhaetian bone-beds of England and south Wales. Mercian Geologist 7, 191-204.
39. Eberth, D.A., Britt, B.B., Scheetz, R., Stadtman, K.L., Brinkman, D.B., 2006. Dalton Wells: geology and significance of debris-flow-hosted bonebeds in the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of eastern Utah, USA. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 236, 217-245.
40. Ekdale, A.A., Bromley, R.G., Pemberton, S.G., 1984. Ichnology: Trace Fossils in Sedimentology and Stratigraphy. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Short Course 15.
41. Evans, S.E., Barrett, P.M., Ward, D.J., 2004. The First Record of Lizards and Amphibians from the Wessex Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, England. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 115, 239-247.
42. Falcon, N.L., Kent, P.E., 1960. Geological results of petroleum exploration in Britain 1945-1957. Memoirs. Geological Society of London 2.
43. Fastovsky, D.E., Clark, L.M., Strater, N.H.,Montellano, M., Hernandez, R., Hopson, J.A., 1995. Depositional environments of a Middle Jurassic terrestrial vertebrate assemblage, Huizachal Canyon, Mexico. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15, 561-575.
44. Fisher, D.C., 1981. Crocodilian scatology, microvertebrate concentrations, and enamelless teeth. Paleobiology 7, 262-275.
45. Francis, J.E., Harland, B.M., 2006. Termite borings in Early Cretaceous fossil wood, Isle of Wight, UK. Cretaceous Research 27, 773-777.
46. Gersib, G.A., McCabe, P.J., 1981. Continental coal-bearing sediments of the Port Head Formation (Carboniferous), Cape Linzee, Nova Scotia, Canada. In: Etheridge, F.G., Flores, R.M. (Eds.), Recent and Ancient Non-marine Depositional Environments: Models for Exploration. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 31. Special Publication, Tulsa, Oklahoma, pp. 95-108.
47. Goldring, R., Pollard, J.E., Radley, J.D., 2005. Trace fossils and pseudofossils from the Wealden strata (non-marine Lower Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research 26, 665-685.
48. Good, S.C., 1987. Mollusc-based interpretations of lacustrine palaeoenvironments of the Sheep Pass Formation (latest Cretaceous to Eocene) of east central Nevada. Palaios 2, 467-478.
49. Good, S.C., 2004. Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic significance of freshwater bivalves in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, Western Interior, USA. Sedimentary Geology 167, 163-176.
50. Gray, J., 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem; the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62, 1-214.
51. Hallam, A., Grose, J.A., Ruffell, A.H., 1992. Palaeoclimatic significance of changes in clay mineralogy across the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary in England and France. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 81, 173-187.
52. Harris, T.M., 1981. Burnt Ferns from the English Wealden. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 91, 47-58.
53. Haywood, A.M., Valdes, P.J., Markwick, P.J., 2004. Cretaceous (Wealden) climates: a modelling perspective. Cretaceous Research 25, 303-311.
54. Hughes, N.F., 1975. Plant Succession in the English Wealden strata. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 86, 439-455.
55. Hughes, N.F., McDougall, A.B., 1990. New Wealden Correlation for the Wessex Basin. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 100, 85-90.
56. Hutt, S., Naish, D.W., Martill, D.M., Barker, M.J., Newberry, P., 2001. A preliminary account of a new tyrannosaurid theropod from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research 22, 227-242.
57. Insole, A.N., 1982. The habitat of Wealden dinosaurs. Journal of the Portsmouth and District Natural History Society 3, 80-87.
58. Insole, A.N., Hutt, S., 1994. The palaeoecology of the dinosaurs of the Wessex Formation (Wealden Group, Early Cretaceous), Isle of Wight, southern England. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 112, 197-215.
59. Jarzembowski, E.A., 1995. The first insects in Cretaceous (Wealden) amber from the UK. Geology Today 11, 41-42 + cover illustrations.
60. Jarzembowski, E.A., Azar,D., Nel, A., 2008. A new chironomid (Insecta: Diptera) fromWealden amber (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight (UK). Geologica Acta 6, 285-291.
61. Jørgensen, B.B., 1982. Ecology of the bacteria of the sulphate cycle with special reference to anoxic-oxic interface environments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 298, 543-561.
62. Kelley, J., 2008. Identification of a single birth cohort in Kenyapithecus kizili and the nature of sympatry between K. kizili and Griphopithtecus alpani at Paşalar. Journal of Human Evolution 54, 530-537.
63. Kerney, M.P. (Ed.), 1999. Atlas of the Land and Freshwater Molluscs of Britain and Ireland. Harley Books, Cambridge.
64. Kerth, M., Hailwood, E.A., 1988. Magnetostratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Vectis Formation (Wealden Group) on the Isle of Wight, southern England. Journal of the Geological Society of London 145, 351-360.
65. Komarek, E.V., 1972. Ancient Forest Fires. Proceedings of the Annual Tall Timbers Fire Ecological Conference 12, 219-240.
66. Lauters, P., Bolotsky, Y.L., Vanitterbeeck, J., Godefroit, P., 2008. Taphonomy and age profile of a latest Cretaceous dinosaur bonebed in far eastern Russia. Palaios 23, 153-162.
67. Leeder, M.R., Gawthorpe, R.L., 1987. Sedimentary models for extensional tilt-block/halfgraben basins. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 20, 139-152.
68. Loope, D.B., Mason, J.A., Dingus, L., 1999. Lethal sandslides from eolian dunes. Journal of Geology 107, 707-713.
69. Lovelace, D.M., 2006. An Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation fire-induced debris flow: taphonomy and palaeoenvironment of a sauropod (Sauropoda: Supersaurus vivianae) locality, east-central Wyoming. In: Foster, J.R., Lucas, S.G. (Eds.), Paleontology and Geology of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation: New Mexico Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 36, pp. 47-56.
70. Mannion, P.D., 2009. A rebbachisaurid sauropod from the Lower Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight, England. Cretaceous Research 30, 521-526.
71. Mantell, G.A., 1846. Notes on the Wealden strata of the Isle of Wight, with an account of the bones of iguanodons and other reptiles, discovered at Brook Point and Sandown Bay. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 1, 91-96.
72. Martill, D.M., 2001. Taphonomy and preservation. In: Martill, D.M., Naish, D. (Eds.), Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. Field Guides to Fossils, 10. Palaeontological Association, London, pp. 49-59.
73. Martill, D.M., Barker, M.J., 2000. An ammonite steinkern gastrolith from the Lower Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight, England. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 2000, 186-192.
74. Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. In: Martill, D.M., Naish, D. (Eds.), Palaeontological Association, London, Field Guides to Fossils 10.
75. Naish, D., 2002. The Historical Taxonomy of the Lower Cretaceous Theropods (Dinosauria) Calamospondylus and Aristosuchus from the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 113, 153-163.
76. Naish, D., Martill, D.M., 2002. A reappraisal of Thecocoelurus daviesi (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 113, 23-30.
77. Naish, D., Martill, D.M., Cooper, D., Stevens, K.A., 2004. Europe's largest dinosaur? A giant brachiosaurid cervical vertebra from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous) of southern England. Cretaceous Research 25, 787-795.
78. Nemec, W., Steel, R.J., 1984. Alluvial and coastal conglomerates: their significant features and some comments on gravelly mass flow deposits. In: Koster, E.H., Steel, R.J. (Eds.), Sedimentology of gravels and conglomerates. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Calgary. Memoir 10, 1-31.
79. Newell, A.J., Gower, D.J., Benton, M.J., Tverdokhlebov, V.P., 2007. Bedload abrasion and the in situ fragmentation of bivalve shells. Sedimentology 74, 835-845.
80. Nicholas, C.J., Henwood, A.A., Simpson, M., 1993. A new discovery of early Cretaceous (Wealden) amber from the Isle of Wight. Geological Magazine 130, 847-850.
81. Nilsen, T.H., 1982. Alluvial fan deposits. In: Scholle, P.A., Spearing, D. (Eds.), Sandstone Depositional Environments. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Memoir 31, 49-86.
82. North, C.P., 1996. The prediction and modelling of subsurface fluvial stratigraphy. In: Carting, P., Dawson, M. (Eds.), Advances in Fluvial Dynamics and Stratigraphy. Wiley, Chichester, pp. 395-508.
83. Nye, E., Feist-Burkhardt, S., Horne, D.J., Ross, A.J., Whittaker, J.E., 2008. The palaeoenvironment associated with a partial Iguanodon skeleton from the Upper Weald Clay (Barremian, Early Cretaceous) at Smokejackets Brickworks (Ockley, Surrey, UK), based on palynomorphs and ostracods. Cretaceous Research 29, 417-444.
84. Oldham, T.C.B., 1976. Flora of the Wealden plant debris beds of England. Palaeontology 19, 437-502.
85. Patterson, C., 1966. British Wealden sharks. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Series Zoology 11, 281-350.
86. Paul, G., 2008. A revised taxonomy of the iguanodont dinosaur genera and species. Cretaceous Research 29, 192-216.
87. Pierson, T.C., 1981. Dominant particle support mechanisms in debris flows at Mt. Thomas, New Zealand, and implications for flow mobility. Sedimentology 28, 49-60.
88. Prior, S.V., 1993. X-ray Diffraction Analysis of a Concretion from the Isle of Wight. British Geological Survey Technical Report, MPSR/93/92.
89. Radley, J., 1993. A Derived Lower Jurassic Clast from the Wealden Group (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, Southern England. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 104, 71-73.
90. Radley, J., 1994. Stratigraphy, Palaeontology and Palaeoenvironment of the Wessex Formation (Wealden Group, Lower Cretaceous) at Yaverland, Isle of Wight, Southern England. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 105, 199-208.
91. Radley, J., 2005. Derived fossils in the southern English Wealden (non-marine early Cretaceous): a review. Cretaceous Research 26, 657-664.
92. Radley, J., Barker, M.J., 1998. Palaeoenvironmental analysis of shell beds in the Wealden Group (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, southern England: an initial account. Cretaceous Research 19, 489-504.
93. Radley, J., Barker, M.J., 2000. Molluscan Palaeoecology and Biostratinomy in a Lower Cretaceous Meanderplain Succession (Wessex Formation, Isle of Wight, southern England). Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 111, 133-145.
94. Radley, J., Gale, A.S., Barker, M.J., 1998. Derived Jurassic Fossils from the Vectis Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, Southern England. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 109, 81-91.
95. Rawson, P.F., Curry, D., Dilley, F.C., Hancock, J.M., Kennedy, W.J., Neale, J.W., Wood, C.J., Worssam, B.C., 1978. A Correlation of the Cretaceous Rocks in the British Isles.: Special Report of the Geological Society, 9. London.
96. Retallack, G.J., 1976. Triassic palaeosols in the Upper Narrabeen Group of New South Wales. Part 1: features of the palaeosols. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia 23, 383-399.
97. Retallack, G.J., 1977. Triassic palaeosols in the Upper Narrabeen Group of New South Wales. Part II: classification and reconstruction. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia 24, 19-36.
98. Robinson, S.A., Hesselbo, S.P., 2004. Fossil-wood carbon-isotope stratigraphy of the non-marine Wealden Group (Lower Cretaceous, southern England). Journal of the Geological Society of London 161, 133-145.
99. Roering, J.J., Schmidt, K.M., Stock, J.D., Deitrich, W.E., Montgomery, D.R., 2003. Shallow landsliding, root reinforcement, and the spatial distribution of trees in the Oregon Coast Range. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, 237-253.
100. Rogers, R.R., 2005. Fine-grained debris flows and extraordinary vertebrate burials in the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Geology 33, 297-300.
101. Ruffell, A.H., Batten, D.J., 1990. The Barremian-Aptian arid phase in western Europe. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 80, 197-212.
102. Sander, P.M., 1989. Early Permian depositional environments and pond bonebeds in central Archer County, Texas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 69, 1-21.
103. Sankey, J.T., Baszio, S. (Eds.), 2008. Vertebrate Microfossil Assemblages: Their Role in Paleoecology and Paleobiogeography. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
104. Scherzer, B., 2008. A debris flow-hosted bonebed of juvenile lambrosaurines in the Two Medicine Formation of Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 Supplement to Number 3, 137A.
105. Scott, A.C., 1989. Observations on the nature and origin of fusain. International Journal of Coal Geology 12, 443-475.
106. Selden, P.A., 2002. First British Mesozoic spider, from Cretaceous amber of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Palaeontology 45, 973-983.
107. Sharp, R.P., Nobles, L.H., 1953. Mudflow of 1941 at Wrightwood, southern California. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 64, 547-560.
108. Shipman, P., 1975. Implications of drought for vertebrate fossil assemblages. Nature 257, 667-668.
109. Shultz, A.W., 1984. Subaerial debris-flow deposition in the Upper Paleozoic Cutler Formation, western Colorado. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 54, 759-772.
110. Sladen, C.P., 1983. Trends in Cretaceous clay mineralogy in NW Europe. Zitteliana 10, 349-357.
111. Sladen, C.P., Batten, D.J., 1984. Source area environments of late Jurassic and early Cretaceous sediments in south-east England. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 95, 149-163.
112. Stach, E., Mackowsky, M.J., Teichmuller, M., Taylor, G., Chandra, D., Teichmuller, R., 1982. Coal Petrology, 3rd. Edn. Gebruder Borntrager, Berlin-Stuttgart.
113. Steel, L., Martill, D.M., Unwin, D.M., Winch, J.D., 2005. A new pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Wessex Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, England. Cretaceous Research 26, 686-698.
114. Stewart, D.J., 1978. The Sedimentology and Palaeoenvironment of the Wealden Group of the Isle of Wight, Southern England. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Portsmouth Polytechnic, 346 pp + appendices.
115. Stewart, D.J., 1981a. A meander belt sandstone from the Lower Cretaceous Wealden Group of southern England. Sedimentology 28, 1-20.
116. Stewart, D.J., 1981b. A field guide to the Wealden Group of the Hastings area and the Isle of Wight. In: Elliott, T. (Ed.), Field Guides to Modern and Ancient Fluvial Systems in Britain and Spain. International Fluvial Conference, Department of Geology, University of Keele, pp. 3.1-3.32.
117. Stewart, D.J., 1983. Possible suspended-load channel deposits from the Wealden Group (Lower Cretaceous) of southern England. In: Collinson, J.D., Lewin, J. (Eds.), Modern and Ancient Fluvial Systems.: Special Publications. International Association of Sedimentologists, 6. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 369-384.
118. Swanson, F.J., 1981. Fire and geomorphic processes. In: Mooney, H.A., Bonnicksen, T.H., Christiensen, N.L., Lotan, J.E., Reiners, W.A. (Eds.), Fire Regimes and Ecosystem Properties. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report WO-26, Washington, pp. 401-420.
119. Sweetman, S.C., 2004. The first record of velociraptorine dinosaurs (Saurischia, Theropoda) from the Wealden (Early Cretaceous, Barremian) of southern England. Cretaceous Research 25, 353-364.
120. Sweetman, S.C., 2006a. A gobiconodontid (Mammalia, Eutriconodonta) from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, southern Britain. Palaeontology 49, 889-897.
121. Sweetman, S.C., 2006b. The tetrapod microbiota of the Wessex Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, UK. In: Barrett, P.M., Evans, S.E. (Eds.), Ninth International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota, Abstracts and Proceedings, pp. 127-129.
122. Sweetman, S.C., 2007. Aspects of the Microvertebrate Fauna of the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, Southern England. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Portsmouth, 363 pp + appendices.
123. Sweetman, S.C., 2008. A spalacolestine spalacotheriid (Mammalia, Trechnotheria) from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) of southern England and its bearing on spalacotheriid evolution. Palaeontology 51, 1367-1385.
124. Sweetman, S.C., 2009. A new species of the plagiaulacoid multituberculate mammal Eobaatar from the Early Cretaceous of southern Britain. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54, 373-384.
125. Sweetman, S.C., Martill, D.M., in press. Pterosaurs of the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, southern England: a review with new data. Journal of Iberian Geology.
126. Sweetman, S.C., Underwood, C.J., 2006. A neoselachian shark from the non-marine Wessex Formation (Wealden Group: Early Cretaceous, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, Southern England. Palaeontology 49, 457-465.
127. Talbot, M.R., Allen, P.A., 1996. Lakes. In: Reading, H.G. (Ed.), Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 83-124.
128. Turnbull, W.D., Martill, D.M., 1988. Taphonomy and preservation of a monospecific titanothere assemblage from the Washakie Formation (Late Eocene), southern Wyoming. An ecological accident in the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 63, 91-108.
129. Underhill, J.R., 2002. Evidence for structural controls on the deposition of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Purbeck Limestone Group, Dorset, southern England. In: Milner, A.R., Batten, D.J. (Eds.), Life and Environments in Purbeck Times: Special Papers in Palaeontology, 68, pp. 21-40.
130. Vallance, J.W., Scott, K.M., 1997. The Osceola Mudflow from Mount Rainer: sedimentology and hazard implications of a huge clay-rich debris flow. Geological Society of America Bulletin 109, 143-163.
131. Ward, D.J., 1981. A simple machine for bulk processing of clays and silts. Tertiary Research 3, 121-124.
132. Watson, J., Alvin, K.L., 1996. An English Wealden floral list, with comments on possible environmental indicators. Cretaceous Research 17, 5-26.
133. Watson, J., Sincock, C.A., 1992. Bennettitales of the English Wealden. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London, 1-228 (Publication number 588, part of volume 145 for 1991).
134. White, H.J.O., 1921. A short account of the geology of the Isle of Wight. Memoir of the Geological Survey of Great Britain.
135. Wilson, M.J., 1965. The origin and significance of the South Wales underclays. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 35, 91-99.
136. Witton, M.P., Martill, D.M., Green, M., 2009. On pterodactyloid diversity in the British Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) and a reappraisal of "Palaeornis" cliftii Mantell, 1844. Cretaceous Research 30, 676-686.
137. Woodward, A.S., 1889. Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum. Part 1. British Museum (Natural History), London.
138. Wright, V.P., Taylor, K.G., Beck, V.H., 2000. The paleohydrology of Lower Cretaceous seasonal wetlands, Isle of Wight, southern England. Journal of Sedimentary Research 70, 619-632.