Association of p53/p21 expression with cigarette smoking and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 16, Issue 39, 2010, Pages 4958-4967

  Taghavi, Noushin ^a   Biramijamal, Firouzeh ^a   Sotoudeh, Masoud ^b   Moaven, Omeed ^c   Khademi, Hooman ^b   Abbaszadegan, Mohammad Reza ^c   Malekzadeh, Reza ^b  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY   (Iran)

^b TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^c MASHHAD UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Immunohistochemistry; p21; p53; Smoking; Survival

Indexed keywords

PROTEIN P21; PROTEIN P53;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CANCER SURVIVAL; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; ESOPHAGUS CARCINOMA; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA;

EID: 78049509978     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i39.4958     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Gibson MK, Brock M. Esophageal cancer: adenocarcinoma in populations dominated by squamous cell histology. Esophagus 2008; 5: 1-4
2. Kmet J, Mahboubi E. Esophageal cancer in the Caspian littoral of Iran: initial studies. Science 1972; 175: 846-853
3. Lam AK. Molecular biology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2000; 33: 71-90
4. The World Cancer Report--the major findings. Cent Eur J Public Health 2003; 11: 177-179
5. Islami F, Kamangar F, Aghcheli K, Fahimi S, Semnani S, Taghavi N, Marjani HA, Merat S, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Pourshams A, Nouraie M, Khatibian M, Abedi B, Brazandeh MH, Ghaziani R, Sotoudeh M, Dawsey SM, Abnet CC, Taylor PR, Malekzadeh R. Epidemiologic features of upper gastrointestinal tract cancers in Northeastern Iran. Br J Cancer 2004; 90: 1402-1406
6. Ke L. Mortality and incidence trends from esophagus cancer in selected geographic areas of China circa 1970-90. Int J Cancer 2002; 102: 271-274
7. Mizobuchi S, Furihata M, Sonobe H, Ohtsuki Y, Ishikawa T, Murakami H, Kurabayashi A, Ogoshi S, Sasaguri S. Association between p53 immunostaining and cigarette smoking in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2000; 30: 423-428
8. Doak SH, Jenkins GJ, Parry EM, Griffiths AP, Shah V, Baxter JN, Parry JM. Characterisation of p53 status at the gene, chromosomal and protein levels in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2003; 89: 1729-1735
9. Woods DB, Vousden KH. Regulation of p53 function. Exp Cell Res 2001; 264: 56-66
10. Vogelstein B, Lane D, Levine AJ. Surfing the p53 network. Nature 2000; 408: 307-310
11. Biramijamal F, Allameh A, Mirbod P, Groene HJ, Koomagi R, Hollstein M. Unusual profile and high prevalence of p53 mutations in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas from northern Iran. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 3119-3123
12. Guimaraes DP, Hainaut P. TP53: a key gene in human cancer. Biochimie 2002; 84: 83-93
13. Wang LD, Hong JY, Qiu SL, Gao H, Yang CS. Accumulation of p53 protein in human esophageal precancerous lesions: a possible early biomarker for carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 1783-1787
14. Gao H, Wang LD, Zhou Q, Hong JY, Huang TY, Yang CS. p53 tumor suppressor gene mutation in early esophageal precancerous lesions and carcinoma among high-risk populations in Henan, China. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 4342-4346
15. Brennan JA, Boyle JO, Koch WM, Goodman SN, Hruban RH, Eby YJ, Couch MJ, Forastiere AA, Sidransky D. Association between cigarette smoking and mutation of the p53 gene in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 712-717
16. Correa P. Precursors of gastric and esophageal cancer. Cancer 1982; 50: 2554-2565
17. Qiu SL, Yang GR. Precursor lesions of esophageal cancer in high-risk populations in Henan Province, China. Cancer 1988; 62: 551-557
18. Mandard AM, Hainaut P, Hollstein M. Genetic steps in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Mutat Res 2000; 462: 335-342
19. Bennett WP, Hollstein MC, Metcalf RA, Welsh JA, He A, Zhu SM, Kusters I, Resau JH, Trump BF, Lane DP. P53 mutation and protein accumulation during multistage human esophageal carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 6092-6097
20. Hartwell LH, Kastan MB. Cell cycle control and cancer. Science 1994; 266: 1821-1828
21. Yang G, Zhang Z, Liao J, Seril D, Wang L, Goldstein S, Yang CS. Immunohistochemical studies on Waf1p21, p16, pRb and p53 in human esophageal carcinomas and neighboring epithelia from a high-risk area in northern China. Int J Cancer 1997; 72: 746-751
22. Qiao GB, Han CL, Jiang RC, Sun CS, Wang Y, Wang YJ. Overexpression of P53 and its risk factors in esophageal cancer in urban areas of Xi'an. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4: 57-60
23. Wynford-Thomas D. P53 in tumour pathology: can we trust immunocytochemistry? J Pathol 1992; 166: 329-330
24. Kropveld A, Rozemuller EH, Leppers FG, Scheidel KC, de Weger RA, Koole R, Hordijk GJ, Slootweg PJ, Tilanus MG. Sequencing analysis of RNA and DNA of exons 1 through 11 shows p53 gene alterations to be present in almost 100% of head and neck squamous cell cancers. Lab Invest 1999; 79: 347-353
25. Harper JW, Adami GR, Wei N, Keyomarsi K, Elledge SJ. The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip1 is a potent inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Cell 1993; 75: 805-816
26. Xiong Y, Hannon GJ, Zhang H, Casso D, Kobayashi R, Beach D. p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases. Nature 1993; 366: 701-704
27. Villwock Mde M, Meurer L, Cavazzola LT, Gurski RR, Edelweiss MI, Schirmer CC. Prevalence of p21 immunohistochemical expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Arq Gastroenterol 2006; 43: 212-218
28. el-Deiry WS, Tokino T, Velculescu VE, Levy DB, Parsons R, Trent JM, Lin D, Mercer WE, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B. WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression. Cell 1993; 75: 817-825
29. Ding Z, Parchment RE, LoRusso PM, Zhou JY, Li J, Lawrence TS, Sun Y, Wu GS. The investigational new drug XK469 induces G(2)-M cell cycle arrest by p53-dependent and -independent pathways. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7: 3336-3342
30. Sato T, Koseki T, Yamato K, Saiki K, Konishi K, Yoshikawa M, Ishikawa I, Nishihara T. p53-independent expression of p21(CIP1/WAF1) in plasmacytic cells during G(2) cell cycle arrest induced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin. Infect Immun 2002; 70: 528-534
31. Cox LS. Multiple pathways control cell growth and transformation: overlapping and independent activities of p53 and p21Cip1/WAF1/Sdi1. J Pathol 1997; 183: 134-140
32. Yuen PW, Chow V, Choy J, Lam KY, Ho WK, Wei WI. The clinicopathologic significance of p53 and p21 expression in the surgical management of lingual squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2001; 116: 240-245
33. Wakasugi E, Kobayashi T, Tamaki Y, Ito Y, Miyashiro I, Komoike Y, Takeda T, Shin E, Takatsuka Y, Kikkawa N, Monden T, Monden M. p21(Waf1/Cip1) and p53 protein expression in breast cancer. Am J Clin Pathol 1997; 107: 684-691
34. Chen YQ, Cipriano SC, Arenkiel JM, Miller FR. Tumor suppression by p21WAF1. Cancer Res 1995; 55: 4536-4539
35. Natsugoe S, Nakashima S, Matsumoto M, Xiangming C, Okumura H, Kijima F, Ishigami S, Takebayashi Y, Baba M, Takao S, Aikou T. Expression of p21WAF1/Cip1 in the p53- dependent pathway is related to prognosis in patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5: 2445-2449
36. Goan YG, Hsu HK, Chang HC, Chou YP, Chiang KH, Cheng JT. Deregulated p21(WAF1) overexpression impacts survival of surgically resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 80: 1007-1016
37. Sobin LH, Fleming ID. TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors, fifth edition (1997). Union Internationale Contre le Cancer and the American Joint Committee on Cancer. Cancer 1997; 80: 1803-1804
38. Ikeguchi M, Saito H, Katano K, Gomyo Y, Tsujitani S, Maeta M, Kaibara N. Relationship between the long-term effects of intraperitoneal chemotherapy and the expression of p53 and p21 in patients with gastric carcinoma at stage IIIa and stage IIIb. Int Surg 1997; 82: 170-174
39. Cruz I, Snijders PJ, Van Houten V, Vosjan M, Van der Waal I, Meijer CJ. Specific p53 immunostaining patterns are associated with smoking habits in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Clin Pathol 2002; 55: 834-840
40. Sarbia M, Stahl M, zur Hausen A, Zimmermann K, Wang L, Fink U, Heep H, Dutkowski P, Willers R, Müller W, Seeber S, Gabbert HE. Expression of p21WAF1 predicts outcome of esophageal cancer patients treated by surgery alone or by combined therapy modalities. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4: 2615-2623
41. Montesano R, Hollstein M, Hainaut P. Genetic alterations in esophageal cancer and their relevance to etiology and pathogenesis: a review. Int J Cancer 1996; 69: 225-235
42. Lam KY, Loke SL, Chen WZ, Cheung KN, Ma L. Expression of p53 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Hong Kong Chinese. Eur J Surg Oncol 1995; 21: 242-247
43. Puisieux A, Lim S, Groopman J, Ozturk M. Selective targeting of p53 gene mutational hotspots in human cancers by etiologically defined carcinogens. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 6185-6189
44. Spruck CH 3rd, Rideout WM 3rd, Olumi AF, Ohneseit PF, Yang AS, Tsai YC, Nichols PW, Horn T, Hermann GG, Steven K. Distinct pattern of p53 mutations in bladder cancer: relationship to tobacco usage. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 1162-1166
45. Habuchi T, Takahashi R, Yamada H, Ogawa O, Kakehi Y, Ogura K, Hamazaki S, Toguchida J, Ishizaki K, Fujita J. Influence of cigarette smoking and schistosomiasis on p53 gene mutation in urothelial cancer. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 3795-3799
46. Kamangar F, Strickland PT, Pourshams A, Malekzadeh R, Boffetta P, Roth MJ, Abnet CC, Saadatian-Elahi M, Rakhshani N, Brennan P, Etemadi A, Dawsey SM. High exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may contribute to high risk of esophageal cancer in northeastern Iran. Anticancer Res 2005; 25: 425-428
47. Wang LD, Zhou Q, Hong JY, Qiu SL, Yang CS. p53 protein accumulation and gene mutations in multifocal esophageal precancerous lesions from symptom free subjects in a high incidence area for esophageal carcinoma in Henan, China. Cancer 1996; 77: 1244-1249
48. Caffo O, Doglioni C, Veronese S, Bonzanini M, Marchetti A, Buttitta F, Fina P, Leek R, Morelli L, Palma PD, Harris AL, Barbareschi M. Prognostic value of p21(WAF1) and p53 expression in breast carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study in 261 patients with long-term follow-up. Clin Cancer Res 1996; 2: 1591-1599
49. Shiohara M, el-Deiry WS, Wada M, Nakamaki T, Takeuchi S, Yang R, Chen DL, Vogelstein B, Koeffler HP. Absence of WAF1 mutations in a variety of human malignancies. Blood 1994; 84: 3781-3784
50. Seta T, Imazeki F, Yokosuka O, Saisho H, Suzuki T, Koide Y, Isono K. Expression of p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 proteins in gastric and esophageal cancers: comparison with mutations of the p53 gene. Dig Dis Sci 1998; 43: 279-289
51. Yasui W, Akama Y, Kuniyasu H, Yokozaki H, Semba S, Shimamoto F, Tahara E. Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 in non-neoplastic mucosa and neoplasia of the stomach: relationship with p53 status and proliferative activity. J Pathol 1996; 180: 122-128
52. Gomyo Y, Ikeda M, Osaki M, Tatebe S, Tsujitani S, Ikeguchi M, Kaibara N, Ito H. Expression of p21 (waf1/cip1/sdi1), but not p53 protein, is a factor in the survival of patients with advanced gastric carcinoma. Cancer 1997; 79: 2067-2072
53. Sarbia M, Stahl M, zur Hausen A, Zimmermann K, Wang L, Fink U, Heep H, Dutkowski P, Willers R, Müller W, Seeber S, Gabbert HE. Expression of p21WAF1 predicts outcome of esophageal cancer patients treated by surgery alone or by combined therapy modalities. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4: 2615-2623
54. Nita ME, Nagawa H, Tominaga O, Tsuno N, Hatano K, Kitayama J, Tsuruo T, Domene CE, Muto T. p21Waf1/Cip1 expression is a prognostic marker in curatively resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but not p27Kip1, p53, or Rb. Ann Surg Oncol 1999; 6: 481-488
55. Güner D, Sturm I, Hemmati P, Hermann S, Hauptmann S, Wurm R, Budach V, Dörken B, Lorenz M, Daniel PT. Multigene analysis of Rb pathway and apoptosis control in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma identifies patients with good prognosis. Int J Cancer 2003; 103: 445-454
56. Shimada Y, Imamura M, Watanabe G, Uchida S, Harada H, Makino T, Kano M. Prognostic factors of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma from the perspective of molecular biology. Br J Cancer 1999; 80: 1281-1288
57. Yanamoto S, Kawasaki G, Yoshitomi I, Mizuno A. p53, mdm2, and p21 expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas: relationship with clinicopathologic factors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002; 94: 593-600
58. Xie X, Clausen OP, Boysen M. Prognostic significance of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinomas. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002; 128: 897-902
59. Chang BD, Watanabe K, Broude EV, Fang J, Poole JC, Kalinichenko TV, Roninson IB. Effects of p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1 on cellular gene expression: implications for carcinogenesis, senescence, and age-related diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 4291-4296