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84989479329
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One referee suggested that these reducing agents could be better formulated as dianions of the corresponding alkenes, with two electrons located in the LUMO of the starting materials, acting as typical electron carriers. This is an interesting observation, deserving a thorough analysis in the near future. Although we agree that real structures are, most probably, highly delocalized ones, we defined our reducing agents as 1,2-diaryl-1,2- disodioethanes, 1, both because of their clean reactivity as dinucleophiles towards 1,3-dihalogenopropanes (see Ref. 3), as well as of the known reducing properties of other benzylic polycarbanions; see, for example: C.E. Barry III, R.B. Bates, W.A. Beavers, F.A. Camou, B. Gordon III, H.F.-J. Hsu, N.S. Mills, C.A. Ogle, T.J. Siahaan, K. Suvannachut, S.R. Taylor, J.J. White, and K.M. Yager Synlett 1991 207 212 and references cited therein
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Iii, G.B.5
Hsu, H.F.-J.6
Mills, N.S.7
Ogle, C.A.8
Siahaan, T.J.9
Suvannachut, K.10
Taylor, S.R.11
White, J.J.12
Yager, K.M.13
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16
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78049277404
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Few alkali metal mediated reductions of halogenated benzoic acids were already reported
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Few alkali metal mediated reductions of halogenated benzoic acids were already reported.
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17
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0000376764
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3, see: V.V. Konovalov, S.S. Laev, I.V. Beregovaya, L.N. Shchegoleva, V.D. Shteingarts, Y.D. Tsvetkov, and I. Bilkis J. Phys. Chem. A 104 2000 352 361 and references therein;
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Laev, S.S.2
Beregovaya, I.V.3
Shchegoleva, L.N.4
Shteingarts, V.D.5
Tsvetkov, Y.D.6
Bilkis, I.7
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18
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84977244273
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Few very old papers report on the reduction of halogenated benzoic acids with Na/Hg; see, for example: P. Geiner, and F. Beilstein Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem. 139 1866 1 16
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Beilstein, F.2
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19
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78049243698
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The reactivity of few mono- and di-halogenobenzenes towards 1,2-disodio-1,2,3,4-tetraphenylethane, 1b, was already reported, see: E. Müller, and G. Röscheisen Chem. Ber. 91 1958 1106 1114
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(1958)
Chem. Ber.
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Röscheisen, G.2
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58249136303
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X. Li, Q. Zhang, L. Tang, P. Lu, F. Sun, and L. Li J. Hazard. Mater. 163 2009 115 120
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Lu, P.4
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Li, L.6
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0036351407
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H. Nováková, M. Vošahlíková, J. Pazlarová, M. Macková, J. Burkhardb, and K. Demnerová Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 50 2002 47 54
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Nováková, H.1
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MacKová, M.4
Burkhardb, J.5
Demnerová, K.6
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27
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78049310061
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Attempted reduction of the preformed sodium salt of chloroacid 2d (by the reaction of 2d with NaH in THF) with 1.0 equiv of 1b resulted in a very slow reaction, affording a 33% conversion of the starting material after 24 h at rt. It is worth noting the heterogeneity of such a reaction mixture
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Attempted reduction of the preformed sodium salt of chloroacid 2d (by the reaction of 2d with NaH in THF) with 1.0 equiv of 1b resulted in a very slow reaction, affording a 33% conversion of the starting material after 24 h at rt. It is worth noting the heterogeneity of such a reaction mixture.
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29
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78049311501
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For selected examples discussing the behaviour of aryl halides under electrochemical reduction conditions and leading to different apparent number of electrons required in the cleavage step, see Ref. 12 and references therein
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For selected examples discussing the behaviour of aryl halides under electrochemical reduction conditions and leading to different apparent number of electrons required in the cleavage step, see Ref. 12 and references therein.
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30
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78049281180
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2O quenching and aqueous work up, led to the quantitative recovery of non deuterated 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethane, 4
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2O quenching and aqueous work up, led to the quantitative recovery of non deuterated 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethane, 4.
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31
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78049309629
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Reduction of either 6d or 6e with dianion 1c in a 3:1 M ratio led to the recovery of benzoic acid, 2i, in almost quantitative yield
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Reduction of either 6d or 6e with dianion 1c in a 3:1 M ratio led to the recovery of benzoic acid, 2i, in almost quantitative yield.
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