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77958588974
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note
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The "loans for shares" scheme of 1995-1996?in which a handful of well-connected businessmen bought stakes in major Russian companies?is widely considered a scandalous affair that had disastrous consequences for the Russian economy. Fifteen years later, the details of the program are reexamined in light of evidence available today. The conventional wisdom about "loans for shares" is analyzed in terms of how much of the market the stakes involved represented; the pricing in terms of international practice; the scheme's place in Russia's increasing wealth inequality; who the biggest beneficiaries were: and the firms' role in Russia's rapid growth after 1999.
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2
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77958573878
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1 billion not enough for Forbes' 100
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1 billion, April 21
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1 billion, "1 billion not enough for Forbes' 100," The Moscow Times, April 21, 2008.
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(2008)
The Moscow Times
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3
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34547214493
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Are government-linked IPOs underpriced a three country privatization effort comparison
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Ariff, Mohammad, Dev Prasad, and George S. Vozikis, "Are Government-Linked IPOs Underpriced A Three Country Privatization Effort Comparison," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 3, 3293-307, September 2007.
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(2007)
International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal
, vol.3
, Issue.SEPTEMBER
, pp. 3293-3307
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Ariff, M.1
Prasad, D.2
Vozikis, G.S.3
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6
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0003879132
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Cambridge, MA MIT Press
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Boycko, Maxim, Andrei Shleifer, and Robert Vishny,Privatizing Russia. Cambridge, MA MIT Press, 1995.
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(1995)
Privatizing Russia
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Boycko, M.1
Shleifer, A.2
Vishny, R.3
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8
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70349498773
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Post-communist oligarchs in Russia quantitative analysis
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Braguinsky, Serguey, "Post-Communist Oligarchs in Russia Quantitative Analysis," Journal of Law and Economics, 52, 2307-349, May 2009.
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(2009)
Journal of Law and Economics
, vol.52
, Issue.MAY
, pp. 2307-2349
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Braguinsky, S.1
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9
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65449176152
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Forbes, March 26, available online at
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Coster, Helen, "The World's Richest People Slim's Chance," Forbes, March 26, 2007, available online at www.forbes.comfree- forbes20070326134.html
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(2007)
The World's Richest People Slim's Chance
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Coster, H.1
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10
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67651085210
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Who wants to revise privatization and why evidence from 28 post-communist countries
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Denisova, Irina, Markus Eller, Timothy Frye, and Ekaterina Zhuravskaya, "Who Wants to Revise Privatization and Why Evidence from 28 Post-Communist Countries," American Political Science Review, 103, 2284-304, May 2009.
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(2009)
American Political Science Review
, vol.103
, Issue.MAY
, pp. 2284-2304
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Denisova, I.1
Eller, M.2
Frye, T.3
Zhuravskaya, E.4
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11
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77958564887
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Federal'nyy zakon ot 31. 03. 1995 No. 39-FZ O federal'nom byudzhete na 1995 god
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April 7
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Federal'nyy zakon, "Federal'nyy zakon ot 31. 03. 1995 No. 39-FZ O federal'nom byudzhete na 1995 god (Federal law of March 31, 1995, No. 39-FZ On the federal budget for 1995)," Rossiyskaya gazeta, April 7, 1995.
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(1995)
Rossiyskaya Gazeta
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Zakon, F.1
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12
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48249090647
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Forbes, available online at
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Forbes, "The World's Billionaires, 2008," available online at http://www.forbes.comlists200810billionaires08-Vladimir-Bogdanov-ITZ4.html
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(2008)
The World's Billionaires
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84902623996
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Sale of the century Rusia's wild ride from communism to capitalism
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Freeland, Chrystia, Sale of the Century Rusia's Wild Ride from Communism to Capitalism. New York Crown Books, 2000.
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(2000)
New York Crown Books
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Freeland, C.1
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14
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0040033875
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Moscow's group of seven
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November 1
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Freeland, Chrystia, John Thornhill, and Andrew Gowers, "Moscow's Group of Seven," Financial Times, November 1, 1996.
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(1996)
Financial Times
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Freeland, C.1
Thornhill, J.2
Gowers, A.3
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17
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17044412628
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The role of oligarchs in Russian capitalism
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Guriev, Sergei and Andrei Rachinsky, "The Role of Oligarchs in Russian Capitalism," Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19, 1131-150, Winter 2005.
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(2005)
Journal of Economic Perspectives
, vol.19
, Issue.WINTER
, pp. 1131-1150
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Guriev, S.1
Rachinsky, A.2
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18
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77958529519
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Government discusses privatization
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April 19
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Gurushina, Natalia, "Government Discusses Privatization," OMRI Daily Digest, 78, April 19, 1996.
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(1996)
OMRI Daily Digest
, vol.78
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Gurushina, N.1
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19
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77958601753
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Out of Step with Russia Outsider's Battle over Stake in Oil Giant Offers a Glimpse of Nation's Uncertain Capitalist Ways
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April 18
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Hoffman, David, "Out of Step With Russia Outsider's Battle Over Stake in Oil Giant Offers a Glimpse of Nation's Uncertain Capitalist Ways," The Washington Post, April 18, 1999.
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(1999)
The Washington Post
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Hoffman, D.1
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20
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77958530054
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The oligarchs wealth and power in the New Russia
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Hoffman, David,The Oligarchs Wealth and Power in the New Russia. New York Public Affairs, 2003.
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(2003)
New York Public Affairs
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Hoffman, D.1
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21
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0000746374
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Share Issue Privatizations as Financial Means to Political and Economic Ends
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Jones, Steven L., William L. Megginson, Robert C. Nash, and Jeffry M. Netter, "Share Issue Privatizations as Financial Means to Political and Economic Ends," Journal of Financial Economics, 53, 2217-253, August 1999.
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(1999)
Journal of Financial Economics
, vol.53
, Issue.AUGUST
, pp. 2217-2253
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Jones, S.L.1
Megginson, W.L.2
Nash, R.C.3
Netter, J.M.4
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22
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77958552729
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Kazakov wants oil stocks back
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April 10
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Kazakov, "Kazakov wants oil stocks back," The Moscow Times, April 10, 1996.
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(1996)
The Moscow Times
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Kazakov1
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24
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77958531124
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The selling of the Soviet empire
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Kokh, Alfred,The Selling of the Soviet Empire. New York SPI Books, 1998.
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(1998)
New York SPI Books
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Kokh, A.1
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25
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77958526396
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Carlos Slim Helu the reticent media baron
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February 15
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Lacey, Marc, "Carlos Slim Helú The Reticent Media Baron," The New York Times, February 15, 2009.
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(2009)
The New York Times
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Lacey, M.1
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26
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77958592547
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Oil Overflows in Siberia but Investing in it Is Risky Business
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June 23
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Landers, Jim, "Oil Overflows in Siberia but Investing in it Is Risky Business," Dallas Morning News, June 23, 2000.
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(2000)
Dallas Morning News
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Landers, J.1
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28
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0006761611
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Corporate Ownership around the World
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April
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La Porta, Rafael, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, and Andrei Shleifer, "Corporate Ownership around the World," Journal of Finance, 54, 2471-517, April 1999.
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(1999)
Journal of Finance
, vol.54
, pp. 2471-2517
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La Porta, R.1
Lopez-de-Silanes, F.2
Shleifer, A.3
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29
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33745766843
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Government underpricing of share issue privatizations
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September
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Laurin, Claude, Anthony E. Boardman, and Aidan R. Vining, "Government Underpricing of Share Issue Privatizations," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 75, 3399-429, September 2004.
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(2004)
Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics
, vol.75
, pp. 3399-3429
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Laurin, C.1
Boardman, A.E.2
Vining, A.R.3
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30
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The secrets of the world's richest man Mexico's Carlos slim makes his billions the old-fashioned way monopolies
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August 4
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Luhnow, David, "The Secrets of the World's Richest Man Mexico's Carlos Slim Makes His Billions the Old-Fashioned Way Monopolies," Wall Street Journal, August 4, 2007.
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(2007)
Wall Street Journal
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Luhnow, D.1
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34
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77958564353
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Mikhail Khodorkovskiy uznik tishiny
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Panyushkin, Valeriy,Mikhail Khodorkovskiy uznik tishiny (Mikhail Khodorkovskiy prisoner of silence). Moscow Sekret Firmy, 2006.
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(2006)
Moscow Sekret Firmy
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Panyushkin, V.1
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35
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77958534621
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Gazprom novoye russkoye oruzhiye
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Panyushkin, Valeriy and Mikhail Zygar,Gazprom novoye russkoye oruzhiye (Gazprom Russia's new weapon). Moscow Zakharov, 2008.
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(2008)
Moscow Zakharov
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Panyushkin, V.1
Zygar, M.2
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36
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77958523691
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Oligarch No, I'm Just an Oil Magnate
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June 6
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Pirani, Simon, "Oligarch No, I'm Just an Oil Magnate," The Guardian, June 6, 2000.
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(2000)
The Guardian
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Pirani, S.1
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41
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77958584407
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Bolshoy biznes pamyati zalogovykh auktsionov
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September 10
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Sborov, Leonid, "Bolshoy biznes pamyati zalogovykh auktsionov (Big business monuments to headline auctions)," Vlast', September 10, 1996.
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(1996)
Vlast
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Sborov, L.1
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43
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17044405112
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A normal country Russia after communism
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Shleifer, Andrei and Daniel Treisman, "A Normal Country Russia After Communism," Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19, 1151-174, Winter 2005.
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(2005)
Journal of Economic Perspectives
, vol.19
, Issue.WINTER
, pp. 1151-1174
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Shleifer, A.1
Treisman, D.2
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44
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77958530617
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Open society reforming global capitalism
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Soros, George,Open Society Reforming Global Capitalism. New York Public Affairs, 2000.
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(2000)
New York Public Affairs
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Soros, G.1
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