Undocumented immigrants and state higher education policy: The politics of in-state tuition eligibility in Texas and Arizona

Review of Higher Education

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 123-173

  Dougherty, Kevin J ^a   Nienhusser, H Kenny ^a   Vega, Blanca E ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77958066940     PISSN: 01625748     EISSN: 10907009     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/rhe.2010.0012     Document Type: Article

References (141)

1. American Association of State Colleges and Universities (2006). Access for all? Debating in-state tuition for undocumented alien students. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved on August 20, 2009 from http://www.aascu.org/policy/ special-report/access-for-all.htm.
2. Arizona Joint Legislative Budget Committee (2008) Fiscal highlights-January 2008 Phoenix, AZ: Author http://www.azleg.gov/jlbc/mfh-jan- 08.pdf
3. Arizona State Legislature. (2005). Bill Overview, HB 2030, Forty-seventh legislature, frst regular session, 2005. Phoenix, AZ: Author. http://www.azleg.gov/Format-Document.asp?inDoc=/legtext/47leg/1r/bills/hb2030o. asp.
4. Associated Press State & Local Wire. (2005, January 7). State lawmaker pushing for tougher immigration laws. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
5. Baum, B. (2006, November 8). Voters giving sweeping approval to immigration measures. Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
6. Belanger, K. (2001). Social justice in education for undocumented families. Journal of Family Social Work, 6(4), 62-73.
7. Berger, E. (2001, May 29). Legislature's moves refect growing clout of immigrants. Houston Chronicle A13
8. Berger, E., & Hegstrom, E. (2001, April 19). Immigrant tuition bill gets OK by state house Houston Chronicle p. A23.
9. Berman, D. (1998). Arizona politics and government: The quest for autonomy, democracy, and development. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
10. Billeaud, J. (2005a, April 7). Ariz. lawmakers soften proposed restrictions on illegal immigrants. The Associated Press State &Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
11. Billeaud, J. (2005b, May 12). Arizona lawmakers vote to impose new restrictions on immigrants. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
12. Billeaud, J. (2005c, May 20). Arizona governor vetoes two immigration bills, signs another. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
13. Billeaud, J. (2005d, May 9). Immigration proposals clear Senate with punishments for businesses. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
14. Billeaud, J. (2005e, May 11). Lawmakers nix punishments for employers hiring illegal immigrants. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
15. Billeaud, J. (2006a, April 6). Illegal immigrants step out of shadows to urge reforms. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
16. Billeaud, J. (2006b, May 2). Immigrant groups shift focus to voter registration, lawmakers. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
17. Billeaud, J. (2006c, June 22). Some lawmakers try to put immigration proposal on the ballot. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
18. Billeaud, J. (2007, July 18). Business leaders take aim at new Arizona immigration law. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
19. Biswas, R. (2005). Access to community college for undocumented immigrants: A guide for state policymakers. Boston, MA: Jobs for the Future. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from http://www.jff.org/download.php/ AccesstoCCUndoc.df?file=AccesstoCCUndoc.pdf&KC-PubID=27.
20. Citrin, J., Green, D. P., Muste, C., & Wong, C. (1997). Public opinion toward immigration reform: The role of economic motivation. Journal of Politics 59(3), 858-881.
21. Cohen, S. (2001, October 14). Easy entry by terrorists stirs calls for tighter visa controls. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
22. Davenport, P. (2003, July 7). Measure on illegal immigrants proposed for Arizona ballot. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
23. Davenport, P. (2004, July 1). Group files petitions to put immigration initiative on ballot. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
24. DeLeon, A. (1999). Mexican Americans in Texas: A brief history. 2d ed. Wheeling, IL: Harlan-Davidson.
25. Denogean, A. (2007, February 8). Push to redo Prop. 300 an affront to voters' will. The DREAM Act News. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://dreamact.info/index.php?option=com-content&task=view&id= 89&Itemid=41.
26. Dougherty, K. J., Reid, M., & Nienhusser, H. K. (2006). State policies to achieve the dream in five states: An audit of state policies to aid student access to and success in community colleges. New York: Columbia University, Teachers College, Community College Research Center. Retrieved on July 8, 2010, http://www.achievingthedream.org/-images/-index03/State-Pol-to- Achieve-Dream-5-States-2-27-06.pdf. 80th Texas Legislature: Day 65. (2007, March 15). Houston Chronicle, p. B4.
27. Elazar, D. J. (1984). American federalism: A view from the states. New York: Harper and Row.
28. Erikson, R. S., Wright, G. C., & McIver, J. P. (2005). Public opinion in the states: A quarter century of change and stability. Unpublished paper, Columbia University, Department of Government.
29. Espenshade, T. J., & Hempstead, K. (1996). Contemporary American attitudes toward U.S. immigration. International Migration Review 30(2), 535-557.
30. Ferraiolo, K. (2008). State policy innovation and the federalism implications of direct democracy. Publius 38(3), 488-514.
31. Fischer, K. (2004, December 10). Illegal immigrants rarely use hard-won tuition break. Chronicle of Higher Education, p. A19.
32. Flores, S. (2007). The effects of in-state resident tuition policies on the college enrollment of undocumented Latino students in Texas and the United States. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Harvard University.
33. Freeman, G. P. (1995). Modes of immigration politics in liberal democratic states. International Migration Review 29(4), 881-902.
34. Freeman, G. P. (1997). Immigration as a source of political discontent and frustration in Western democracies. Studies in International Comparative Development, 32(3), 42-64.
35. Gedda, G. (2001, November 20). Mexicans told immigration reform is dead for now because of terrorism concerns. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
36. Giblin, P. (2007, June 9) Businesses say immigrants crucial to state's economy. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
37. Goff, J. S. (1983). Arizona biographical dictionary. Cave Creek, AZ: Black Mountain Press.
38. Gray, L. (2000, October 12). The connection; Bright and intense but undocumented, Bob could have been just another immigrant laborer. Then he met Susan Lieberman. Houston Press. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
39. Gray, V., & Hanson, R. L. (Eds.) (2007). Politics in the American states. 9th ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
40. Guy, A. (2001, June 4). Big man on campus: Law professor fights for issues dear to his heart. Houston Chronicle, p. 1.
41. Haag, S., Peebles, R., & Keith, G. (1997). Texas politics and government: Ideas, institutions, and policies. New York: Longman.
42. Hausman, C., & Goldman, V. (2001, April 8). Great expectations. New York Times, p. 4A.
43. Hebel, S. (2007, November 2). Arizona's colleges are in the crosshairs of efforts to curb illegal immigration. Chronicle of Higher Education p. A15.
44. Hegstrom, E. (2000a, May 11). Top student to be denied scholarships; Immigration status casts cloud on future. Houston Chronicle, p. A1.
45. Hegstrom, E. (2000b, May 26). HCC board votes to accept undocumented immigrants. Houston Chronicle, p. A1.
46. Hilgartner, S., & Bosk, C. (1988). The rise and fall of social problems: A policy arenas model. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 53-78.
47. Horton, R. S. (2008, January 1). 119 at UA reclassified as out-of-state. Tucson Citizen. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, www.tucsoncitizen.com.
48. House Bill 1403. (2006). Eligibility. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.hb1403.com/index.html.
49. Keller, J. (2007, April 13). State legislatures debate tuition for illegal immigrants. Chronicle of Higher Education, p. A28.
50. Kingdon, J. (1995). Agendas, alternatives, and public policies (2d ed.) New York: Longman.
51. Kobach, K. (2007). Immigration nullification: In-state tuition and lawmakers who disregard the law. New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy, 10, 473-523.
52. Krueger, C. (2006). In-state tuition for undocumented immigrants. Denver, CO: Education Commission of the States. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.ecs.org/clearinghouse/61/00/6100.htm.
53. Landecker, H. (2008, January 1). U. of Arizona has reclassified 119 students as out of state, The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. A23.
54. Leiby, M. (2007, February 23). Immigration reform march planned for May 1st in downtown. Arizona Capitol Times. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
55. López, J. (2010). Undocumented students and the politics of wasted potential. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing.
56. Lozano, J. (2000, May 11). Immigration status casts doubts on student's hopes for higher education. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
57. Lukes, S. (2005). Power: A radical view. 2d ed. London: Palgrave.
58. McClain, P. D., & Tauber, S. C. (1996). Black and Latino socioeconomic and political competition: Has a decade made a difference? American Politics Quarterly 26(2), 237-252.
59. McLendon, M. K. (2003). Setting the governmental agenda for state decentralization of higher education. Journal of Higher Education, 74 (5), 479-515.
60. Mehta, C., & Asma, A. (2003). Education for all: Chicago's undocumented immigrants and their access to higher education. Chicago: Center for Urban Economic Development, University of Illinois at Chicago.
61. Mintrom, M., & Norman, P. (2009). Policy entrepreneurship and policy change. Policy Studies Journal, 37(4), 649-667.
62. Mintrom, M., & Vergari, S. (1996). Advocacy coalitions, policy entrepreneurs, and policy changes. Policy Studies Journal, 24(3), 420-434.
63. Munsil, L. (2008, Jan. 16). 207 ASU students lose residency status. ASU Web Devil. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.asuwebdevil.com/issues/2008/ 01/16/news/703089.
64. Murdock, S., Hogue, N., Michael, M., White, S., & Pecotte, B. (1997). The Texas challenge: Population change and the future of Texas. College Station: Texas A & M University Press.
65. Myers, A. (2006, May 4). Minuteman Project returns to roots in post-boycott counterpunch. The Associated Press State & Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
66. Napolitano, J. (2005, May 20). Veto letter. Retrieved July 21, 2010, from http://www. azleg.gov/govlettr/47/leg/1R/HB2030.pdf.
67. National Conference of State Legislatures. (2008). In-state tuition and unauthorized immigrant students. Denver, CO: Author. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.ncsl.org/programs/immig/immig-InStateTuition0808.htm.
68. National Conference of State Legislatures. (2009a). State laws related to immigrants and immigration in 2008. Denver, CO: Author. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.ncsl.org/print/immig/StateImmigReportFinal2008.pdf.
69. National Conference of State Legislatures. (2009b). Initiative and referendum states. Denver, CO: Author. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.ncsl.org/Default.aspx?TabId=16589.
70. National Council of La Raza (2001, June 18). NCLR disappointed by Texas Governor Rick Perry's inconsistent action on legislation affecting immigrants. News Release. Washington, D.C. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.nclr.org/content/news/detail/2200/.
71. National Immigration Law Center. (2009). DREAM Act: Summary. Los Angeles, CA: Author. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://www.nilc.org/immlawpolicy/ DREAM/dream-bills-summary-2009-03-31.pdf.
72. Omi, M., & Winant, H. (1994). Racial formation in the United States. 2d ed. New York: Routledge.
73. O'Leary, A. O. (2009). Arizona's legislative-imposed injunctions: Implications for immigrant civic and political participation. Research Paper Series on Latino Immigrant Civil and Political Participation, No. 2. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
74. Olivas, M. A. (1986). Plyler v. Doe, Toll v. Moreno, and postsecondary admissions: Undocumented adults and "enduring disability." Journal of Law and Education, 15(1), 19-55.
75. Olivas, M. A. (1988, May/June). Administering intentions: Law, theory, and practice of postsecondary residency requirements. Journal of Higher Education, 59(3), 263-290.
76. Olivas, M. A. (1995, Summer). Storytelling out of school: Undocumented college residency, race, and reaction. Hastings Constitutional Law Journal, 22, 1019-1086.
77. Olivas, M. A. (2004). IIRIRA, the DREAM Act, and undocumented college residency. Journal of College and University Law, 30(2), 435-464.
78. Olivas, M. A. (2008). Lawmakers gone wild? College residence and the response to Professor Kobach. Southern Methodist University Law Review, 61, 99-132.
79. Olivas, M.A. (2010). Compilation: State legislation allowing undocumented college students to establish residency. Houston, TX: University of Houston. Retrieved July 8, 2010, from http://www.law.uh.edu/ihelg/documents/1-1- 10bibfinal421-01-2010.pdf.
80. Passel, J. (2003). Further demographic information relating to the DREAM act. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
81. Passel, J. (2005a). Unauthorized migrants: Numbers and characteristics. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center.
82. Passel, J. (2005b) Estimates of the size and characteristics of the undocumented population. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from http://pewhispanic.org/files/reports/44.pdf.
83. Passel, J., & Cohn, D. (2008). Trends in unauthorized immigration: Undocumented inflow now trails legal inflow. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from http://pewhispanic.org/files/reports/ 94.pdf.
84. Pearce, R. (2008). Campaign home page. Retrieved on October 30, 2008, http://www.mesa18.com/candidates/russell-pearce.htm.
85. Perry, A. (2004). Philosophical arguments of membership: The case of undocumented immigrants and financial aid for postsecondary education. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park.
86. Protect Arizona Now. (2004). About Protect Arizona Now. Glendale, AZ. Retrieved on October 30, 2008, http://www.pan2004.com/about.htm.
87. Rangel, Y. (2001). College immigrant students: How undocumented female Mexican immigrant students transition into higher education. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles. EdD: 190.
88. Rice, T. W., & Sumberg, A. F. (1997, Winter). Civic culture and government performance in the American states. Publius, 27(1), 99-114.
89. Rincon, A. (2008). Undocumented immigrants and higher education: Si se puede. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing.
90. Riske, P. (2006, April 14). Arizona candidate for governor promises actions at the border if elected. Arizona Capitol Times. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
91. Riske, P. (2007, February 2). Deep GOP split as Arizona Republican Party picks Pullen for chairman. Arizona Capitol Times. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
92. Roberts, N. C., & King, P. J. (1996). Transforming public policy: Dynamics of policy entrepreneurship and innovation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
93. Robison. C. (2007, March 26). Immigration bills unlikely to get passed. Houston Chronicle, p. B1.
94. Robison, C., & Ratcliffe, R. G. (2007, January 12). Perry to stick by law giving tuition breaks to illegal immigrants; He also predicts legislation against repeat predators of children will be strengthened. Houston Chronicle, p. B4.
95. Rodriguez, N. (1990). Undocumented immigrant students and higher education: A Houston study. IHELG Monograph 90-10. Houston, TX: University of Houston Law Center, Institute for Higher Education Law and Governance.
96. Romero, V. C. (2002). Postsecondary school education benefits for undocumented immigrants: Promises and pitfalls. North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation 27(3), 393-418.
97. Ruge, T. R., & Iza, A. D. (2005). Higher education for undocumented students: The case for open admission and in-state tuition rates for students without lawful immigration status. Indiana International and Comparative Law Review, 15(257), 1-22.
98. Russell, J. (1998, March 10). Minority education called key to future. San Antonio Express-News, p. A1.
99. Sabatier, P. A., & Jenkins-Smith, H. C. (Eds.) (1993). Policy change and learning: An advocacy coalition approach. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
100. Sabatier, P. A., & Jenkins-Smith, H. C. (1999). The advocacy coalition framework: An assessment. In P. A. Sabatier (Ed.), Theories of the policy process (pp. 117-166). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
101. Sabatier, P., & Weible, C. M. (2007). The advocacy coalition framework: Innovations and clarifications. In P. A. Sabatier (Ed.), Theories of the policy process (pp. 189-220). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
102. Salsbury, J. (2003). Evading "residence": Undocumented students, higher education and the states. American University Law Review, 53(459), 459-490.
103. Schildkraut, D. J. (2001). Official-English and the states: Influences on declaring English the official language in the United States. Political Research Quarterly 54(2), 445-457.
104. Schiller, D. (2001, June 20). College law benefits immigrants; Texas grads who aren't legal residents can pay in-state tuition. San Antonio Express-News, p. B1.
105. Sheridan, T. C. (1995). Arizona: A history. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
106. Shorey, A. (2004, November 4). Arizonans pass measure cracking down on illegal immigrants. The Associated Press State and Local Wire. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
107. Small, J. (2006, May 12). Arizona Republicans mulling 3-pronged approach to illegal immigration. Arizona Capitol Times. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
108. State of Colorado. Office of the Attorney General. (2007). Formal opinion of John W. Suthers, Attorney General. No. 07-03. AG Alpha No. HE HE AGBCE. August 14, 2007. Denver, CO: Author. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, http://extras.mnginteractive. com/live/media/site36/2007/0814/20070814-084925- Tuition.pdf.
109. Stevenson, A. (2004). DREAMing of an equal future for immigrant children: Federal and state initiatives to improve undocumented students' access to postsecondary education. Arizona Law Review 46(3), 551-580.
110. Stone, D. (2001). Policy paradox: The art of political decision making. Rev. ed. New York: Norton.
111. Stowe, S. (2007, June 27). Bill giving illegal residents Connecticut tuition rates is vetoed by the governor. New York Times, p. C1.
112. Szelenyi, K., & Chang, J. (2002). ERIC review: Educating immigrants: The community college role. Community College Review, 30(2), 55-73.
113. Tannahill, N. (2003). Texas government: Policy and politics. New York: Longman.
114. Texas Eagle Forum. (2001, July 16). Eagle eye on Texas: Focus on the Family criticizes in-state tuition bill for illegal aliens. Dallas, TX. Retrieved on September 9, 2006, http://www.texaseagle.org/update/010716.html.
115. Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board. (2000). Closing the gaps: The Texas higher education plan. Austin: Author. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.thecb.state.tx.us/ClosingtheGaps.
116. Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board. (2005, November). Legislative update. Presented at Texas Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers (TACRAO) Annual Meeting. Houston, Texas.
117. Texas House of Representatives Research Organization (2001). Bill analysis, H.B. 1403, 77th Texas Legislature. Austin, TX. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.hro.state.tx.us/ba77R/HB1403H.pdf.
118. Texas lawmakers pass bill to give tuition break to illegal immigrants. (2001, June 8). Chronicle of Higher Education, p. A21.
119. Texas Legislature (2001a). H.B. 1403, 77th Texas Legislature. June 16, 2001. Austin, TX. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.capitol.state. tx.us/tlo/77R/billtext/HB01403F.HTM.
120. Texas Legislature. (2001b, April 26). Fiscal note, H.B. 1403, 77th Texas Legislature. Austin, TX: Legislative Budget Board. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/Search/DocViewer.aspx?K2DocKey= odbc%3a%2f%2fTLO%2fTLO.dbo. vwArchBillDocs%2f77%2fR%2fH%2fB%2f01403%2f3%2fF%40TloArchBillDocs&QueryText= hb+1403&HighlightType=1.
121. Texas Legislature. (2001c, May 16). Fiscal note H.B. 1403, 77th Texas Legislature. Revision 1. Austin, TX: Legislative Budget Board. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/Search/DocViewer.aspx? K2DocKey=odbc%3a%2f%2fTLO%2fTLO.dbo. vwArchBillDocs%2f77%2fR%2fH%2fB%2f01403%2f4%2fF%40TloArchBillDocs&QueryText= hb+1403&HighlightType=1.
122. Texas Legislature. (2001d). Witness List H.B. 1403, 77th Texas Legislature. House Committee Report. Austin, TX. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/77R/witlistbill/html/HB01403H.htm.
123. Texas Legislature. (2001e). Witness List H.B. 1403, 77th Texas Legislature. Senate Committee Report. Austin, TX. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/77R/witlistbill/html/HB01403S.htm.
124. Texas Legislature. (2001f). House Higher Education Committee Hearing, 77th Texas Legislature. Austin, TX. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.house.state.tx.us/fx/av/committee/10313p16.ram.
125. Texas Legislature (2005). House Bill Analysis S.B. 1528, 79th Texas Legislature. Austin, TX. Retrieved on October 18, 2008, from http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/79R/analysis/pdf/SB01528H.pdf.
126. Tulsa World. (2007, June 28). Attorney for regents says he's studying immigrant act. Tulsa World, p. A9.
127. United States Census Bureau. (2001). Statistical abstract of the United States, 2001. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
128. United States Census Bureau. (2003). Statistical abstract of the United States, 2003. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
129. United States Census Bureau. (2004). Voting and registration in the election of November 2002. Current Population Report P-20, #552. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/voting/p20-552.html.
130. United States Census Bureau. (2005). Statistical abstract of the United States, 2004-2005. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
131. United States Census Bureau. (2006). Statistical abstract of the United States, 2006. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
132. United States Census Bureau. (2008). Statistical abstract of the United States, 2008. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
133. Veciana-Suarez, A. (2005, April 29). Immigrants priced out of college. Miami Herald. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
134. Veranes, M., & Navarro, A. (2005). Anti-immigration legislation in Arizona leads to calls for a state boycott. Silver City, NM: International Relations Center.
135. Washington Higher Education Coordinating Board. (2006). 2005-06 tuition and fee rates: A national comparison. Olympia, WA: Author. Retrieved on July 8, 2010, from http://www.hecb.wa.gov/research/issues/documents/2005- 06TuitionFeesNationalComparison.pdf.
136. Washington Higher Education Coordinating Board. (2010). 2009-10 tuition and fee rates: A national comparison. Olympia, WA: Author. Retrieved on July 8, 2010, from http://www.hecb.wa.gov/research/issues/documents/Tuitionand-Fees2009- 10Report-Final.pdf.
137. Whitaker, M. C. (2005). Race work: The rise of civil rights in the urban west. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
138. Wilson, R. (2008, November 20). Debate over Republican approach to immigration reform becomes more crucial. Arizona Capitol Times. Retrieved on August 20, 2009, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.
139. Wilson, T. D. (2008). Research note. Issues of production vs. reproduction/maintenance revisited: Towards an understanding of Arizona's immigration policies. Anthropological Quarterly 81(4), 713-718.
140. Young Conservatives of Texas (2006). In-state college tuition for illegal immigrants. Legislative affairs policy brief. Austin, TX.: Author. Retrieved on May 11, 2006, http://www.yct.org/state/leg/publications.php?show/3.
141. Zahariadis, N. (2007). The multiple streams perspective: Structure, limitations, prospects. In P. Sabatier (Ed.), Theories of the policy process (pp. 65-92). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.