Unusual time histories of galactic and anomalous cosmic rays at 1 AU over the deep solar minimum of cycle 23/24

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 37, Issue 18, 2010, Pages

  McDonald, Frank B ^a   Webber, William R ^b   Reames, Donald V ^a  

^a University of Maryland   (United States)

^b NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COSMOLOGY; MAGNETIC FIELDS; SOLAR SYSTEM;

COSMIC RAY INTENSITY; CROSS-OVER; GALACTIC AND ANOMALOUS COSMIC RAYS; HELIOMAGNETIC CYCLES; HELIOSPHERIC CURRENT SHEET; INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELDS; QUIET SUN; RELATIVE RIGIDITY; SOLAR EQUATOR; SOLAR MINIMA; TILT ANGLE; TIME HISTORY;

COSMIC RAYS;

COSMIC RAY; HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE; MAGNETIC FIELD; SOLAR CYCLE; TILT;

EID: 77957772801     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2010GL044218     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Bard, E., G. M. Raisbeck, F. Yiou, and J. Jouzel (1997), Solar modulation of cosmogenic nuclei production over the last millennium: Comparison between 14C and 10Be records, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 150, 453, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00082-4.
2. Beer, J., G. M. Raisbeck, and F. Yiou (1991), Time variations of 10Be and solar activity, in The Sun in Time, p. 343, Univ. of Ariz. Press, Tucson.
3. Caballero-Lopez, R. A., H. Moraal, K. G. McCracken, and F. B. McDonald (2004), The heliospheric magnetic field from 850-2000 AD interred from 10Be records, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A12102, doi:10.1029/ 2004JA010633.
4. Cane, H. V., G. Wibberenz, I. G. Richardson, and T. T. von Rosenvinge (1999), Cosmic ray modulation and solar magnetic field, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 565, doi:10.1029/1999GL900032. (Pubitemid 29276368)
5. Ferreira, S. E. S., and M. S. Potgieter (2004), Long?term modulation in the heliosphere, Astrophys. J., 603, 744, doi:10.1086/381649. (Pubitemid 38545822)
6. Heber, B., A. Kopp, J. Gieseler, R. Müller?Mellin, H. Fichtner, K. Scherer, M. S. Potgieter, and S. E. S. Ferreira (2009), Modulation of galactic cosmic ray protons and electrons during an unusual solar minimum, Astro-phys. J., 699, 1956, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1956.
7. Jokipii, J. R., and B. Thomas (1981), Effects of drift on the transport of cosmic ray. IV: Modulation by wavy interplanetary current sheet, Astrophys. J., 243, 1115, doi:10.1086/158675.
8. Kota, J., and J. R. Jokipii (1983), Effects of drift on the transport of cosmic rays. VI: A three dimensional model including diffusion, Astrophys. J., 213, 861.
9. McComas, D. J., R. W. Ebert, H. A. Elliott, B. E. Goldstein, J. T. Gosling, N. A. Schwadron, and R. M. Skoug (2008), Weaker solar wind from the polar coronal holes and the whole Sun, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L18103, doi:10.1029/2008GL034896.
10. McCracken, K. G. (2007), Heliomagnetic field near Earth, 1428-2005, J. Geophys. Res., 112, A09106, doi:10.1029/2006JA012119.
11. McCracken, K. G., and J. Beer (2007), Long?term changes in the cosmic ray intensity at Earth, 1428-2005, J. Geophys. Res., 112, A10101, doi:10.1029/2006JA012117.
12. McCracken, K. G., F. B. McDonald, J. Beer, G. Raisbeck, and F. Yiou (2004), A phenomenological study of the long?term cosmic ray modulation, 850-1958 AD, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A12103, doi:10.1029/2004JA010685.
13. McDonald, F. B. (1998), Cosmic?ray modulation in the heliosphere: A phenomenological study, Space Science Reviews, 83(1), 33-50, doi:10.1023/A:1005052908493.
14. Mewaldt, R., R. Leske, K. Lave, and M. Wiedenbeck (2009), Cosmic? ray Fe intensity reaches record levels in 2008-2009, ACE News, 122, 30 April.
15. Reinecke, J. P. L., H. Moraal, M. S. Potgieter, F. B. McDonald, and W. R. Webber (1997), Different crossovers?, Proc. 25th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf, Durban, 49.
16. Shvinzhevsky, N. S., et al. (2009), Low energy (E > 100 MeV) galactic cosmic?rays in the prolonged activity minimum of the 24th solar cycle according to stratospheric measurements, in Proceedings of the 31st International Cosmic Ray Conference, Univ. of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
17. Simpson, J. A. (2000), The cosmic ray nucleonic component: The invention and scientific uses of the neutron monitor, Space Sci. Rev., 93, 11, doi:10.1023/A:1026567706183.
18. Smith, E. J., and A. Balogh (2008), Decrease in heliospheric magnetic flux in this solar minimum: Recent Ulysses magnetic field observations, Geo-phys. Res. Lett., 35, L22103, doi:10.1029/2008GL035345.
19. Solanki, S. K., M. Schüssler, and M. Fligge (2000), Evolution of the Sun's large scale magnetic field since the Maunder minimum, Nature, 408, 445, doi:10.1038/35044027.
20. Svalgaard, L. F., and E. W. Cliver (2007), A floor in the solar wind magnetic field, Astrophys. J., 661, L203, doi:10.1086/518786.
21. Usoskin, I. G., K. Mursula, S. K. Solanki, M. Schüssler, and G. A. Kovaltsov (2002), A physical reconstruction of cosmic ray intensity since 1610, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A11), 1374, doi:10.1029/2002JA009343
22. Wang, Y.?M., F. Robbecht, and N. S. Sheeley Jr. (2009), On the weakening of the polar magnetic fields during solar cycle 23, Astrophys. J., 707, 1372, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1372.
23. Webb, D. F., and R. A. Howard (1994), The solar cycle variation of coronal mass ejections and the solar wind flux, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 4201, doi:10.1029/93JA02742.
24. Webber, W. R., and P. R. Higbie (2003), The production of cosmogenic Be nuclei in the Earth's atmosphere by cosmic rays: Its dependence on solar modulation and the interstellar cosmic ray spectrum, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A9), 1355, doi:10.1029/2003JA009863.
25. Webber, W. R., and J. A. Lockwood (2001), Voyager and Pioneer spacecraft measurements of cosmic ray intensities in the outer heliosphere: Toward a new paradigm for understanding the global solar modulation process-1. Minimum solar modulation (1987 and 1997), J. Geophys. Res., 106, 29,323, doi:10.1029/ 2001JA000118.