Chronic norovirus infection in an HIV-positive patient with persistent diarrhoea: A novel cause

Journal of Clinical Virology

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 219-222

  Wingfield, Tom ^a   Gallimore, Chris I ^b   Xerry, Jacqueline ^b   Gray, Jim J ^b   Klapper, Paul ^c   Guiver, Malcolm ^b   Blanchard, Tom J ^a  

^a NORTH MANCHESTER GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b PUBLIC HEALTH ENGLAND   (United Kingdom)

^c MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

AIDS; Chronic; HIV; Immunoglobulin; Norovirus

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ATAZANAVIR; EMTRICITABINE PLUS TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; INTERLEUKIN 2; MARAVIROC;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; DIARRHEA; FECES ANALYSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; NOROVIRUS; PATIENT COUNSELING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VIRUS INFECTION; VIRUS LOAD;

ADULT; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CALICIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; CHRONIC DISEASE; DIARRHEA; FECES; GASTROENTERITIS; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MALE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; NOROVIRUS;

EID: 77957662313     PISSN: 13866532     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.07.025     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Jiang X., Wang M., Wang K., et al. Sequence and genomic organization of Norwalk virus. Virology 1993, 195(July (1)):51-61.
2. Zheng D.P., Ando T., Fankhauser R.L., et al. Norovirus classification and proposed strain nomenclature. Virology 2006, 346(March (2)):312-323.
3. Donaldson E.F., Lindesmith L.C., Lobue A.D., et al. Norovirus pathogenesis: mechanisms of persistence and immune evasion in human populations. Immunol Rev 2008, 225(October):190-211.
4. Roddie C., Paul J.P.V., Benjamin R., Gallimore C.I., Xerry J., Gray J.J., et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and norovirus gastroenteritis: a previously unrecognized cause of morbidity. Clin Infect Dis 2009, 49:1061-1068.
5. Schreiber D.S., Blacklow N.R., Trier J.S., et al. The mucosal lesion of the proximal small intestine in acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis. N Engl J Med 1973, 288(June (25)):1318-1323.
6. Rockx B., De Wit M., Vennema H., et al. Natural history of human calcivirus infection: a prospective cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2002, 35:246-253.
7. Latest published laboratory data on foodborne illnesses in humans in the UK, January 2010. http://www.hpa.org.uk/.
8. Yolken R.H., Bishop C.A., Townsend T.R., et al. Infectious gastroenteritis in bone-marrow-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 1982, 306:1010-1012.
9. Ludwig A., Adams O., Laws H.J., et al. Quantitative detection of norovirus excretion in pediatric patients with cancer and prolonged gastroenteritis and shedding of norovirus. J Med Virol 2008, 80:1461-1467.
10. Gallimore C.I., Lewis D., Taylor C., Cant A., Gennery A., Gray J.J. Chronic excretion of norovirus in a child with cartilage hair hypoplasia (CHH). J Clin Virol 2004, 30:196-204.
11. Rodriguez-Guillen, Vizzi E., Alcala A.C., et al. Calcivirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive children and adults. J Clin Virol 2005, 3(June):104-109.
12. Liste, et al. Enteric viral infections and diarrhoea in healthy and human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. J Clin Microbiol 2000, 38(August):2873-2877.
13. Grohmann S., Glass R., Pereira H.G., et al. Enteric viruses and diarrhoea in HIV-infected patients. Enteric Opportunistic Infections Working Group. N Engl J Med 1993, 329(July):14-20.
14. Gallimore C., Iturriza-Gomara M., Xerry J., Adigwe, et al. Inter-seasonal diversity of norovirus genotypes: emergence and selection of virus variants. Arch Virol 2007, 152:1295-1303.
15. Xerry J., Gallimore C.I., Iturriza-Gomara M., Gray J.J., et al. Tracking the transmission routes of genogroup II noroviruses in suspected food-borne or environmental outbreaks of gastroenteritis through sequence analysis of the P2 domain. J Med Virol 2009, 81:1298-1304.
16. Xerry J., Gallimore C.I., Iturriza-Gomara M., Allen D.J., Gray J.J., et al. Transmission events within outbreaks of gastroenteritis determined through the analysis of nucleotide sequences of the P2 domain of genogroup II noroviruses. J Clin Microbiol 2008, 46:947-953.
17. Allen D.J., Gray J.J., Gallimore C.I., Xerry J., Iturriza-Gomara M., et al. Analysis of amino acid variation in the P2 domain of norovirus VP1 protein reveals putative variant-specific epitopes. PLoS One 2008, 3:1-9.
18. Siebenga J.J., Beersma M.F., Vennema H., et al. High prevalence of prolonged norovirus shedding and illness among hospitalized patients: a model for in vivo molecular evolution. J Infect Dis 2008, 198(October (7)):994-1001.
19. Nilsson M., Kjell-Olof Hedlund, Thorhagen, et al. Evolution of human calicivirus RNA in vivo: accumulation of mutations in the protruding P2 domain of the capsid leads to structural changes and possibly a new phenotype. J Virol 2003, 77(December):13117-131124.
20. Guadalupe M., Sankaran S., George M.D., et al. Viral suppression and immune restoration in the gastrointestinal mucosa of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients initiating therapy during primary or chronic infection. J Virol 2006, 80(August (16)):8236-8247.
21. Schneider T., Jahn H.U., Schmidt W., et al. Loss of CD4 T lymphocytes in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is more pronounced in the duodenal mucosa than in the peripheral blood. Berlin Diarrhea/Wasting Syndrome Study Group. Gut 1995, 37(October (4)):524-529.
22. McPherson S., Rees C.J., Ellis R., et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe, refractory, and recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhoea. Dis Colon Rectum 2006, 49(May):640-645.
23. Wilcox M.H Descriptive study of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. J Antimicrob Ther 2004, 53(May):882-884.
24. Hassoun A., Ibrahim F., et al. Use of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe Clostridium difficile colitis. Am J Ger Pharm 2007, 5(March):48-51.
25. Jodlowski T., Oehler R., Kam L., et al. Emerging therapies in the treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Ann Pharmacother 2006, 40:2614-2619.
26. Tan M., Jiang X. Norovirus-host interaction: implications for disease control and prevention. Expert Rev Mol Med 2007, 9:1-22.