A comparison of two micro-beam X-ray emission techniques for actinide elemental distribution in microscopic particles originating from the hydrogen bombs involved in the Palomares (Spain) and Thule (Greenland) accidents

Spectrochimica Acta - Part B Atomic Spectroscopy

Volumn 65, Issue 9-10, 2010, Pages 823-829

  Jimenez Ramos, M C ^a,b   Eriksson, M ^c   Garcia Lopez J ^a   Ranebo, Y ^d,e   Garcia Tenorio R ^a,b   Betti, M ^c,d   Holm, E ^a,e  

^a CENTRO NACIONAL DE ACELERADORES   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SEVILLE   (Spain)

^c IAEA MEL   (Monaco)

^d JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

^e LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

PIXE; XRF; Hot particle; U Pu

Indexed keywords

ACTINIDE ELEMENTS; COMPARATIVE STUDIES; CONTAMINATED SITES; ELEMENTAL DISTRIBUTION; FISSILE MATERIALS; GREENLAND; HOT PARTICLES; HYDROGEN BOMBS; IMPACT ASSESSMENTS; INFORMATION CONCERNING; INTERCOMPARISONS; MASS RATIO; MICRO BEAMS; MICROSCOPIC PARTICLE; NUCLEAR MICROPROBES; PARTICLE INDUCED X-RAY EMISSION; U/PU; X RAY FLUORESCENCE; X-RAY EMISSION;

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE EMISSION; ION BEAMS; MULTIPHOTON PROCESSES; NUCLEAR REACTOR ACCIDENTS; NUCLEAR WEAPONS; PLUTONIUM; URANIUM; X RAY SCATTERING; X RAYS;

AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS;

EID: 77957107471     PISSN: 05848547     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.sab.2010.08.001     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. M. Betti, M. Eriksson, J. Jernstrom, and G. Tamborini Environmental radioactive particles: a new challenge for modern analytical instrumental techniques in support of radioecology M.S. Baxter, Radioactivity in the Environment 11 2008 355 370
2. M. Eriksson, J. Osan, J. Jernstrom, D. Wegrzynck, R. Simon, E. Chinea-Cano, S. Markowicz, A. Bamford, G. Tamborini, S. Torok, G. Falkenberg, A. Alsecz, H. Dahlgaard, P. Wobrauscheck, C. Streli, N. Zoeger, and M. Betti Source term identification of environmental radioactive Pu/U particles by their characterization with non-destructive spectrochemical analytical techniques Spectrochim. Acta Part B 60 2005 455 469
3. R. Pöllänen, M.E. Ketterer, S. Lehto, M. Hokkanen, T.K. Ikäheimonen, T. Siiskonen, M. Moring, M.P. Rubio Montero, and A. Martin Sanchez Multi-technique characterization of a nuclear bomb particle from the Palomares accident J. Environ. Radioact. 90 2006 15 28
4. Y. Ranebo, M. Eriksson, G. Tamborini, N. Niagolova, O. Bildstein, and M. Betti The use of SIMS and SEM for the characterization of individual particles with a matrix originating from a nuclear weapon Microsc. Microanal. 13 2007 179 190
5. M. Moring, T.K. Ikäheimonen, R. Pollänen, S. Klemola, J. Juhanoja, and M. Eriksson Uranium and plutonium containing particles in a sea sediment sample from Thule, Greenland J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 248 2001 623 627
6. O.C. Lind, B. Salbu, K. Janssens, K. Proost, and H. Dahlgaard Characterization of uranium and plutonium containing particles originating from the nuclear weapons accident in Thule, Greenland, 1968 J. Environ. Radioact. 81 2005 21 32
7. M.C. Jiménez-Ramos, R. García-Tenorio, I. Vioque, G. Manjón, and M. García-León Presence of plutonium contamination in soils from Palomares (Spain) Environ. Pollut. (Oxford, U.K.) 142 2006 487 492
8. O.C. Lind, B. Salbu, K. Janssens, K. Proost, M. García- León, and R. García-Tenorio Characterization of U/Pu particles originating from the nuclear weapon accidents at Palomares, Spain 1966 and Thule, Greenland, 1968 Sci. Total Environ. 376 2007 294 305
9. 235U in hot particles from the terrestrial area affected by the Palomares accident Environ. Pollut.(Oxford, U.K.) 145 2007 391 394
10. A. Aragón, A. Espinosa, B. de la Cruz, and J.A. Fernández Characterization of radioactive particles from the Palomares accident J. Environ. Radioact. 99 2008 1061 1067
11. M. Eriksson, P. Lindahl, P. Roos, H. Dahlgaard, and E. Holm U, Pu, and Am nuclear signatures of the Thule hydrogen bomb debris Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 2008 4717 4722
12. J. Jernstrom, J. Osan, G. Tamborini, S. Torök, R. Simon, G. Falkenberg, A. Alsecz, and M. Betti Non-destructive characterization of low radioactive particles from Iris Sea sediment by micro X-ray synchrotron radiation techniques: micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (μ-XANES) spectroscopy J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 19 2004 1428 1433
13. J. Jernstrom, M. Eriksson, R. Simon, G. Tamborini, O. Bildtein, R. Carlos Marquez, S.R. Kehl, T.F. Hamilton, Y. Ranebo, and M. Betti Characterization and source term assessments of radioactive particles from Marshlands islands using non-destructive analytical techniques Spectrochim. Acta Part B 61 2006 971 979
14. O.C. Lind, B. Salbu, L. Skipperud, K. Janssens, J. Jaroszewicz, and W. De Nolf Solid state speciation and potential bioavailability of depleted uranium particles from Kosovo and Kuwait J. Environ. Radioact. 100 2009 301 307
15. B. Kanngießer, W. Malzer, and I. Reiche A new 3D micro X-ray fluorescence analysis set-up - first archaeometric applications Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 211 2003 259 264
16. J. García-López, M.C. Jiménez-Ramos, M. García-León, and R. García-Tenorio Characterisation of hot particles remaining in soils from Palomares (Spain) using a nuclear microprobe Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 260 2007 343 348
17. P.A. Burns, M.B. Cooper, K.H. Lokan, M.J. Wilks, and G.A. Williams Characteristics of plutonium and americium contamination at the former U.K. Atomic Weapons Test Ranges at Maralinga and Emu Appl. Radiat. Isot. 46 1995 1099 1107
18. M. Eriksson, On weapons plutonium in the Artic Environment (Thule, Greenland), Riso-R-1321, Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. Ph. D. Thesis.
19. C. Gascó, and M.P. Antón Influence of the submarine orography on the distribution of long-lived radionuclides in the Palomares marine ecosystem J. Environ. Radioact. 34 1997 111 125
20. M. Eriksson, K. Ljunggren, and C. Hindorf Plutonium hot-particle separation techniques using real-time digital image systems Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A 488 2002 375 380
21. R. Simon, G. Buth, and M. Hagelstein The X-ray-fluorescence facility at ANKA, Karlsruhe: minimum detection limits and micro probe capabilities Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 199 2003 554 558
22. V. Nazmov, E. Reznikova, M. Boerner, J. Mohr, V. Saile, A. Snigirev, I. Snigireva, M. Dimichiel, M. Drakopoulos, R. Simon, and M. Grigoriev Refractive lenses fabricated by deep SR lithography and LIGA technology for X-ray energies from 1 keV to 1 MeV T. Warwick, Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation: 8th International Conference 2004 AIP Conference Proceedings Melville 752 755
23. B. Vekemans, K. Janssens, L. Vincze, F. Adams, and P. Van Espen Analysis of X-ray spectra by iterative least squares (AXIL): new developments X-Ray Spectrom. 23 1994 278 285
24. R.D. Deslattes, E.G. Kessler Jr., P. Indelicato, L. de Billy, E. Lindroth, and J. Anton X-ray transition energies: new approach to a comprehensive evaluation Rev. Mod. Phys. 75 2003 35 99
25. M.J. Berger, J.H. Hubbell, S.M. Seltzer, J. Chang, J.S. Coursey, R. Sukumar, and D.S. Zucker XCOM: Photon Cross Section Database version 1.3 2005 National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD Available at: http://physics.nist.gov/xcom
26. S.Y.F. Chu, L.P. Ekström, and R.B. Firestone WWW Table of Radioactive Isotopes 1999 database version 2/28/1999 from URL http://nucleardata.nuclear.lu.se/nucleardata/toi/
27. J. García-López, F.J. Ager, M. Barbadillo Rank, F.J. Madrigal, M.A. Ontalba, M.A. Respaldiza, and M.D. Ynsa CNA: the first accelerator based IBA facility in Spain Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 161-163 2000 1137 1142
28. G.W. Grime, M. Dawson, M. Marsh, I.C. McArthur, and F. Watt The Oxford submicron nuclear microscopy facility Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 54 1991 52
29. S.T. Perkins, D.E. Cullen, M.H. Chen, J.H. Hubbell, J. Rathkopf, and J. Scofield Table and Graphs of Atomic Sub-shell and Relaxation Data Derived from the LLNL Evaluated atomic Data Library (EADL), Z = 1-100, UCRL-50400 vol. 30 1997
30. D.E. Culen Program Relax, a Code Designed to Calculate Atomic Relaxation Spectra of X-Rays and Electrons 1992 LLNL
31. D.D. Cohen, and M. Harrigan At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 34 1986 393 414