Diabetes in sub-saharan Africa: Health care perspectives, challenges, and the economic burden of disease

Journal of the National Medical Association

Volumn 102, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 650-653

  Idemyor, Vincent ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT   (Nigeria)

^b AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY   (Nigeria)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS   (United States)

Author keywords

Africa; Diabetes mellitus; Health care; Socioeconomic status

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; AFRICA; ARTICLE; DIABETES MELLITUS; ECONOMIC ASPECT; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; MALARIA; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PREGNANCY DIABETES MELLITUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; TUBERCULOSIS; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; ECONOMICS;

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; DIABETES MELLITUS; HUMANS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 77956870134     PISSN: 00279684     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0027-9684(15)30643-X     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Daar AS, Singer PA, Persad DL, et al. Grand challenges in chronic non-communicable diseases. Nature. 2007;450:494-496.
2. World Health Organization. Global burden of disease for the year 2001 by World Bank region, for use in disease control priorities in developing countries. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002.
3. International Diabetes Federation. The Diabetes Atlas. Third Edition. 2006. http://www.eatlas.idf.org/. Accessed December 15, 2009.
4. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:S5-S10.
5. Lorenz RP. Diabetes during pregnancy. In: Pearlman MD, Tintinalli JE, eds. Emergency Care of the Woman. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 1998:239-246.
6. DeFronzo R. Lilly Lecture 1987. The triumvarate: Beta cell, muscle, liver: A collusion responsible for NIDDM. Diabetes. 1988;37:667-687.
7. Haffner SM. Epidemiology of Type 2 diabetes: Risk Factors. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:(suppl 3):C3-C6.
8. Yajnik CS. The insulin Resistance Epidemic in India: Fetal Origins, Later Lifesyle, or Both. Nutr Rev. 2001;59(1 Pt 1):1-9.
9. Hu FB, Li TY, Golditz WC, Manson JE. Television Watching and Other Sedentary Behaviors in Relation to Risk of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women. JAMA. 2003;14:1785-1791.
10. Aspray TJ, Mugusi F, Rashid S, et al. Rural and urban differences in diabetes prevalence in Tanzania: the role of obesity, physical inactivity and urban living. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2000;94:637-644.
11. Mbanya JC, Ngogang J, Salah JN, et al. Prevalence of NIDDM and impaired glucose tolerance in a rural and an urban population in Cameroon. Diabetologia. 1997;40:824-829.
12. Martorrell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, et al. Obesity in women from developing countries. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000;54:247-252.
13. Christensen DL, Friis H, Mwaniki DL, et al. Prevalence of glucose intolerance and associated risk factors in rural and urban populations of different ethnic groups in Kenya. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009;84:303-310.
14. Hu FB, van Dam RM, Liu S. Diet and Risk of Type II Diabetes: The Role of Types of Fat and Carbohydrate. Diabetologia. 2001;44:805-817.
15. Schulze MB, Manson DS, Ludwig GA, et al. Sugar-sweetened Beverages, Weight Gain, and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Young and Middle-Aged Women. JAMA. 2004;292(8):927-934.
16. Pirie FJ, Pegoraro R, Motala AA, Rauff S, et al. Toll-like receptor 3 gene polymorphisms in South African Blacks with type 1 diabetes. Tissue Antigens. 2005;66(2):125-130.
17. Rotimi CN, Chen G, Adeyemo AA, et al. A Genome-Wide Search for Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Genes in West Africans. Diabetes. 2004;53:838-841.
18. UKPDS Group. Ethnicity and cardiovascular diseases: the incidence of myocardial infarction in white, South Asian, and Afro-Caribbean patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 32). Diabetes Care. 1998;21:1271-1277.
19. Mbanya JC, Sobngwi E, Mbanya DNS, Ngu KB. Left ventricular mass and systolic function in African diabetic patients: association with microalbuminuria. Diabetes Metab. 2001;27:378-382.
20. Babalola RO, Ajayi AA. A cross-sectional study of echocardiography indices, treadmill exercise capacity and microvascular complications in Nigerian patients with hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 1992;9:899-903.
21. Levitt NS, Bradshaw D, Zwarenstein MF, Bawa AA, Maphumolo S. Audit of primary diabetes care in Cape Town, South Africa: high prevalence of complications, uncontrolled hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Diabet Med. 1997;14:1073-1077.
22. Rotimi C, Daniel H, Zhou J, et al. Prevalence and determininants of diabetic retinopathy and cataracts in West African type 2 diabetes patients. Ethn Dis. 2003;13(suppl 2):S110-S117.
23. Alebiosu CO. A clinical review of diabetic nephropathy in Ogun State University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu. West Afri Med J. 2003;22:152-155.
24. Abbas ZG, Archibald LK. Foot complications in diabetes patients with symptomatic peripheral neuropathy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Diabetes Int. 2000;10:52-56.
25. Sobngwi E, Mbanya J-C, Moukouri EN, Ngu KB. Microalbuminuria and retinopathy in a diabetic population of Cameron. Diabetes Res and Clin Pract. 1999;44:191-196.
26. Gill GV, Mbanya J-C, Ramaiya KL, Tesfaye S. A sub-Saharan African perspective of diabetes. Diabetologia. 2009;52:8-16.
27. ATP III Panel. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), 2001.
28. Krauss RM, Siri PW. Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes. Med Clin North Am. 2004;88:897-909.
29. Levitt NS. Diabetes in Africa: epidemiology, management and healthcare challenges. Heart. 2008;94:1376-1382.
30. World Health Organization: Global TB database. World Health Organization; 2006.
31. Root H. The association of diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis. N Engl J Med. 1934;210:1-13.
32. Pablos-Mendez A, Blustein J, Knirsch CA. The role of diabetes mellitus in the higher prevalence of tuberculosis among Hispanics. Am J Public Health. 1997;87:574-579.
33. Kim SJ, Hong YP, Lew WJ, Yang SC, Lee EG: Incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetics. Tuber Lung Dis. 1995;76(6):529-533.
34. Alisjahbana B, van Crevel R, Sahiratmadja E, et al. Diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with tuberculosis in Indonesia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006;10(6):696-700.
35. Stevenson CR, Forouchi NG, Roglic G, et al. Diabetes and tuberculosis: the impact of the diabetes epidemic on tuberculosis incidence. BMC Public Health. 2007;7(234):1-8.
36. Stevenson CR, Critchley JA, Forouhi NG, et al. Diabetes and the risk of tuberculosis: a neglected threat to public health? Chronic Illn. 2007;3(3):228-245.
37. UNAIDS. Report of the global AIDS epidemic: sub-Saharan Africa. 2006:10-23.
38. Schambelan M, Benson CA, Carr A, et al. Management of metabolic complications associated with antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection: recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA panel. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2002;31:257-275.
39. Noor MA, Flint OP, Maa JF, Parker RA. Effects of atazanavir/ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir on glucose uptake and isulin sensitivity: demonstrable differences in vitro and clinically. AIDS. 2006;20:1813-1821.
40. Kirigia JM, Sambo HB, Sambo LG, Barry SP. Economic burden of diabetes mellitus in the WHO African region. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2009;9:1-12.
41. American Diabetes Association: Economic consequences of diabetes mellitus in the United States in 1997. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:296-309.