Esther Phiri and the Moutawakel effect in Zambia: An analysis of the use of female role models in sport-for-development

Sport in Society

Volumn 12, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 1158-1176

  Meier, Marianne ^a   Saavedra, Martha ^b  

^a Swiss Academy for Development   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77956351077     PISSN: 17430437     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17430430903137829     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Alegi, P. Laduma!: Soccer, Politics and Society in South Africa. Scottsville: University of KwaZulu- Natal Press, 2004.
2. Andresen, R., C. Kroger, P. Olango, and R. Andresen. Sportstrukturen in Afrika: Sambia und Uganda [Sport structures in Africa: Zambia and Uganda. Development cooperation and sport]. Entwicklungszusammenarbeit im Sport, 3. Ahrensburg: I. Czwalina, 1988.
3. Baker, W.J., and J.A. Mangan. Sport in Africa: Essays in Social History. New York: Africana Pub. Co., 1987.
4. Banda, D. ‘Evaluating the Role of Sport Orientated Non-Government Organisations in the Fight against HIV/AIDS’. MA diss., Institute of Sport and Leisure Policy, Loughborough University, 2003.
5. Banda, D. ‘Linking Teaching and Research through International Development Student Placements on HIV/Aids Projects in Africa’. Paper presented at the International Studies Association Annual Convention, New York, February 2009.
6. Caple, J. ‘Fists of Phiri’. ESPN Outside the Lines, September 26, 2008. http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/eticket/story?page¼phiri.
7. Coalter, F. ‘Sport-in-Development: Accountability or Development?’ In Sport and International Development, edited by R. Levermore and A. Beacom, 55-75. Houndsmills: Palgrave MacMillan, 2009.
8. Cole, C.L., and A. Hribar. ‘Celebrity Feminism-Nike Style Post-Fordism, Transcendence, and Consumer Power’. Sociology of Sport Journal 12 (1995): 347-60.
9. Darby, P. Africa, Football, and FIFA: Politics, Colonialism, and Resistance. London: Frank Cass, 2002.
10. Darby, P. ‘A Context of Vulnerability: The Zambian Air Disaster, 1993’. Soccer and Society 5, no. 2 (2004): 248-64.
11. Deville-Danthu, B. Le sport en noir et blanc: du sport colonial au sport africain dans les anciens territoires français d’Afrique occidentale (1920-1965) [Sport in black and white: from colonial sport to African sport in the former French territories in Western Africa (1920-1965)]. Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997.
12. Elling, A. ‘“They (Don’t) Have the Right Build For It”: Social Constructions of Gender and Sport’. In Geschlechterforschung im Sport. Differenz und/oder Gleichheit [Gender studies and sport. Difference and or equity], edited by C. Kugelmann, G. Pfister, and C. Zipprich, 21-34. Hamburg: Czwalina, 2004.
13. Fair, L. ‘Kickin’ it: Leisure, Politics and Football in Colonial Zanzibar, 1900s-1950s’. Africa 67, no. 2 (1997): 224-51.
14. FIFA. FIFA Financial Report 2005. Munich: FIFA, 2006.
15. Giulianotti, R., and G. Armstrong. ‘Drama, Fields and Metaphors: An Introduction to Football in Africa’. In Football in Africa: Conflict, Conciliation and Community, edited by R. Giulianotti and G. Armstrong, 1-25. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, 2004.
16. Guttmann, A. Women’s Sports: A History. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991.
17. Hargreaves, J. ‘Women’s Boxing and Related Activities: Introducing Images and Meanings’. Body Society 3, no. 4 (1997): 33-49.
18. ILO. ‘Women in Sports: How Level is the Playing Field’. World of Work: The Magazine of the ILO 56 (2006): 27-30.
19. Jones, D.E.M. ‘Women and Sport in South Africa: Shaped by History and Shaping Sporting History’. In Sport and Women: Social Issues in International Perspective, edited by I. Hartmann-Tews and G. Pfister, 130-44. London and New York: Routledge, 2003.
20. Kakuwa, M. Zambian Traditional Games and Activities. A Kicking AIDS Out Resource Book. Lusaka, Zambia: Kicking AIDS Out, 2005.
21. Kelly, A. ‘Raped and Killed for Being a Lesbian: South Africa Ignores “Corrective” Attacks’. The Guardian, March 12, 2009 (UK). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/mar/12/eudy-simelane-corrective-rape-south-africa.
22. Komakoma, L. ‘An Investigation into Fan Identity Among Supporters of the English Soccer Premier League in Lusaka, Zambia’. MA diss., Rhodes University, 2005.
23. Lockwood, P., and Z. Kunda. ‘Superstars and Me: Predicting the Impact of Role Models on the Self’. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73, no. 1 (1997): 91-103.
24. Lockwood, P., T.C. Marshall, and P. Sadler. ‘Promoting Success or Preventing Failure: Cultural Differences in Motivation by Positive and Negative Role Models’. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 31, no. 3 (2005): 379-92.
25. Lockwood, P., P. Sadler, K. Fyman, and S. Tuck. ‘To Do or Not to Do: Using Positive and Negative Role Models to Harness Motivation’. Social Cognition 22, no. 4 (2004): 422-50.
26. Meier, M. Zarte Fusschen am harten Leder: Frauenfussball in der Schweiz 1970-1999 [Tender feet kicking hard leather: women’s soccer in Switzerland 1970-1999]. Frauenfeld, Stuttgart & Wien: Verlag Huber, 2004.
27. Mennesson, C. ‘“Hard” Women and “Soft” Women: The Social Construction of Identities among Female Boxers’. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 35, no. 1 (2000): 21-33.
28. Mwaanga, O. ‘HIV/Aids at Risk Adolescent Girls’ Empowerment through Participation in Top Level Football and Edusport in Zambia’. MA diss., Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, 2003.
29. Nauright, J. Sport, Cultures, and Identities in South Africa. Cape Town: David Philip, 1998.
30. Olympic Review. ‘Role Model: Nawal El Moutawakel’ Focus: Women in Sport (2004). http://www.multimedia.olympic.org/pdf/en_report_792.pdf.
31. Park, R.J. ‘From “Genteel Diversions” to “Bruising Peg”: Active Pastimes, Exercise, and Sports for Females in late 17th- and 18th- Century Europe’. In Women and Sport: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, edited by D.M. Costa and S.R. Guthrie, 27-43. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1994.
32. Payne, W., M. Reynolds, S. Brown, and A. Fleming. Sports Role Models and their Impact on Participation in Physical Activity: A Literature Review. Melbourne: Victorian Health Promotion Foundation, 2003.
33. Peacock-Villada, P., J. DeCelles, and P.S. Banda. ‘Grassroot Soccer Resiliency Pilot Program: Building Resiliency through Sport-based Education in Zambia and South Africa’. New Directions for Youth Development 116 (2007): 141-54.
34. Rail, G. Sport and Postmodern Times. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1998.
35. Rotella, C. ‘Good with Her Hands: Women, Boxing, and Work’. Critical Inquiry 25, no. 3 (1999): 566-98.
36. Saavedra, M. ‘Football Feminine-Development of the African Game: Senegal, Nigeria and South Africa’. Soccer and Society 4, no. 2 (2003): 225-53.
37. Saavedra, M. ‘Sport’. In A Companion to Gender Studies, edited by P. Essed, A. Kobayashi, and D.T. Goldberg, 437-54. London: Blackwell, 2005.
38. Southern African Development Community (SADC). ‘Article 9, Gender’. In Protocol on Culture, Information and Sport. Blantyre, Malawi: 2000.
39. Speizer, J.J. ‘Role Models, Mentors, and Sponsors: The Elusive Concepts’. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 6, no. 4 (1981): 692-712.
40. Taylor, S.D. Culture and Customs of Zambia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2006.
41. UNDP. 2008 Statistical Update-Zambia: The Human Development Index-going beyond income. 2008. http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/2008/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_ZMB.html.
42. Van Kempen Consultancy. Creating Support for Change: How to Empower Women through Sport? Make the Case-Attract Funders & Partners-Results of the Conference ‘Gender Equity in Sport for Social Change’. Casablanca: NCDO/Amsterdam, 2008, 1-44. www.toolkitsportdevelopment.org/html/resources/E6/E6DC0A9D-BE30-42F5-B15A-A28C7F13EBE2/Report_Casablanca_2008.pdf.
43. Vescio, J., K. Wilde, and J.J. Crosswhite. ‘Profiling Sport Role Models to Enhance Initiatives for Adolescent Girls in Physical Education and Sport’. European Physical Education Review 11, no. 2 (2005): 153-70.
44. Wacquant, L.J.D. ‘Pugs at Work: Bodily Capital and Bodily Labour among Professional Boxers’. Body Society 1, no. 1 (1995): 65-93.
45. Women Boxing Archive Network. ‘Boxing Trivia: Zambia Decides to Introduce Bill to Allow Women to Boxing and Wrestle-November 1994’. http://www.womenboxing.com/Trivia.htm.
46. ‘Zambian Famous Female Boxer Differs on Marriage with Sponsor’. The Post (cited by Xinhua), July 31, 2008. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-07/31/content_8875483.htm.