메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 150, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 665-673

Differential expression of HDAC3, HDAC7 and HDAC9 is associated with prognosis and survival in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Research paper

Author keywords

acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; childhood; gene expression; histone deacetylase; prognosis

Indexed keywords

HISTONE DEACETYLASE 1; HISTONE DEACETYLASE 3; HISTONE DEACETYLASE 4; HISTONE DEACETYLASE 7;

EID: 77956309330     PISSN: 00071048     EISSN: 13652141     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08301.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (171)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 25144440127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rational development of histone deacetylase inhibitors as anticancer agents: A review
    • Acharya, M.R., Sparreboom, A., Venitz, J. Figg, W.D. (2005) Rational development of histone deacetylase inhibitors as anticancer agents: a review. Molecular Pharmacology, 68, 917 932.
    • (2005) Molecular Pharmacology , vol.68 , pp. 917-932
    • Acharya, M.R.1    Sparreboom, A.2    Venitz, J.3    Figg, W.D.4
  • 2
    • 64049094851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic therapies in haematological malignancies: Searching for true targets
    • Altucci, L. Minucci, S. (2009) Epigenetic therapies in haematological malignancies: searching for true targets. European Journal of Cancer, 45, 1137 1145.
    • (2009) European Journal of Cancer , vol.45 , pp. 1137-1145
    • Altucci, L.1    Minucci, S.2
  • 3
    • 10944224581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoplasmic sequestration of HDAC7 from mitochondrial and nuclear compartments upon initiation of apoptosis
    • Bakin, R.E. Jung, M.O. (2004) Cytoplasmic sequestration of HDAC7 from mitochondrial and nuclear compartments upon initiation of apoptosis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279, 51218 51225.
    • (2004) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.279 , pp. 51218-51225
    • Bakin, R.E.1    Jung, M.O.2
  • 4
    • 33644846509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic gene silencing in cancer - A mechanism for early oncogenic pathway addiction?
    • Baylin, S.B. Ohm, J.E. (2006) Epigenetic gene silencing in cancer - a mechanism for early oncogenic pathway addiction? Nature Reviews. Cancer, 6, 107 116.
    • (2006) Nature Reviews. Cancer , vol.6 , pp. 107-116
    • Baylin, S.B.1    Ohm, J.E.2
  • 7
    • 27144475816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylases in acute myeloid leukaemia show a distinctive pattern of expression that changes selectively in response to deacetylase inhibitors
    • Bradbury, C.A., Khanim, F.L., Hayden, R., Bunce, C.M., White, D.A., Drayson, M.T., Craddock, C. Turner, B.M. (2005) Histone deacetylases in acute myeloid leukaemia show a distinctive pattern of expression that changes selectively in response to deacetylase inhibitors. Leukemia, 19, 1751 1759.
    • (2005) Leukemia , vol.19 , pp. 1751-1759
    • Bradbury, C.A.1    Khanim, F.L.2    Hayden, R.3    Bunce, C.M.4    White, D.A.5    Drayson, M.T.6    Craddock, C.7    Turner, B.M.8
  • 12
    • 0034045040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylases, transcriptional control, and cancer
    • Cress, W.D. Seto, E. (2000) Histone deacetylases, transcriptional control, and cancer. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 184, 1 16.
    • (2000) Journal of Cellular Physiology , vol.184 , pp. 1-16
    • Cress, W.D.1    Seto, E.2
  • 13
    • 33845211776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic aberrations and cancer
    • Ducasse, M. Brown, M.A. (2006) Epigenetic aberrations and cancer. Molecular Cancer, 5, 60.
    • (2006) Molecular Cancer , vol.5 , pp. 60
    • Ducasse, M.1    Brown, M.A.2
  • 14
    • 0035914741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deletion of calcineurin and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) binding domain of Cabin1 results in enhanced cytokine gene expression in T cells
    • Esau, C., Boes, M., Youn, H.D., Tatterson, L., Liu, J.O. Chen, J. (2001) Deletion of calcineurin and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) binding domain of Cabin1 results in enhanced cytokine gene expression in T cells. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 194, 1449 1459.
    • (2001) Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol.194 , pp. 1449-1459
    • Esau, C.1    Boes, M.2    Youn, H.D.3    Tatterson, L.4    Liu, J.O.5    Chen, J.6
  • 15
    • 33947313218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HDACs, histone deacetylation and gene transcription: From molecular biology to cancer therapeutics
    • Gallinari, P., Di Marco, S., Jones, P., Pallaoro, M. Steinkuhler, C. (2007) HDACs, histone deacetylation and gene transcription: from molecular biology to cancer therapeutics. Cell Research, 17, 195 211.
    • (2007) Cell Research , vol.17 , pp. 195-211
    • Gallinari, P.1    Di Marco, S.2    Jones, P.3    Pallaoro, M.4    Steinkuhler, C.5
  • 16
    • 30844462355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fundamental role of epigenetics in hematopoietic malignancies
    • Galm, O., Herman, J.G. Baylin, S.B. (2006) The fundamental role of epigenetics in hematopoietic malignancies. Blood Reviews, 20, 1 13.
    • (2006) Blood Reviews , vol.20 , pp. 1-13
    • Galm, O.1    Herman, J.G.2    Baylin, S.B.3
  • 19
    • 34547897023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylases and cancer
    • Glozak, M.A. Seto, E. (2007) Histone deacetylases and cancer. Oncogene, 26, 5420 5432.
    • (2007) Oncogene , vol.26 , pp. 5420-5432
    • Glozak, M.A.1    Seto, E.2
  • 20
    • 0036193460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MEF2-mediated recruitment of class II HDAC at the EBV immediate early gene BZLF1 links latency and chromatin remodeling
    • Gruffat, H., Manet, E. Sergeant, A. (2002) MEF2-mediated recruitment of class II HDAC at the EBV immediate early gene BZLF1 links latency and chromatin remodeling. EMBO Reports, 3, 141 146.
    • (2002) EMBO Reports , vol.3 , pp. 141-146
    • Gruffat, H.1    Manet, E.2    Sergeant, A.3
  • 22
    • 34548138278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetics: A historical overview
    • Holliday, R. (2006) Epigenetics: a historical overview. Epigenetics, 1, 76 80.
    • (2006) Epigenetics , vol.1 , pp. 76-80
    • Holliday, R.1
  • 23
    • 34547909260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HDAC3: Taking the SMRT-N-CoRrect road to repression
    • Karagianni, P. Wong, J. (2007) HDAC3: taking the SMRT-N-CoRrect road to repression. Oncogene, 26, 5439 5449.
    • (2007) Oncogene , vol.26 , pp. 5439-5449
    • Karagianni, P.1    Wong, J.2
  • 24
    • 4744368147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylase 7 associates with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and increases transcriptional activity
    • Kato, H., Tamamizu-Kato, S. Shibasaki, F. (2004) Histone deacetylase 7 associates with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and increases transcriptional activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279, 41966 41974.
    • (2004) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.279 , pp. 41966-41974
    • Kato, H.1    Tamamizu-Kato, S.2    Shibasaki, F.3
  • 25
    • 70349469582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-kappaB family of transcription factor facilitates gene conversion in chicken B cells
    • Kim, Y. Tian, M. (2009) NF-kappaB family of transcription factor facilitates gene conversion in chicken B cells. Molecular Immunology, 46, 3283 3291.
    • (2009) Molecular Immunology , vol.46 , pp. 3283-3291
    • Kim, Y.1    Tian, M.2
  • 26
    • 0038544192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylase in carcinogenesis and its inhibitors as anti-cancer agents
    • Kim, D.H., Kim, M. Kwon, H.J. (2003) Histone deacetylase in carcinogenesis and its inhibitors as anti-cancer agents. Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 36, 110 119.
    • (2003) Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.36 , pp. 110-119
    • Kim, D.H.1    Kim, M.2    Kwon, H.J.3
  • 27
    • 38949144400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics studies of depsipeptide (romidepsin) in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or advanced myelodysplastic syndromes
    • Klimek, V.M., Fircanis, S., Maslak, P., Guernah, I., Baum, M., Wu, N., Panageas, K., Wright, J.J., Pandolfi, P.P. Nimer, S.D. (2008) Tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics studies of depsipeptide (romidepsin) in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or advanced myelodysplastic syndromes. Clinical Cancer Research, 14, 826 832.
    • (2008) Clinical Cancer Research , vol.14 , pp. 826-832
    • Klimek, V.M.1    Fircanis, S.2    Maslak, P.3    Guernah, I.4    Baum, M.5    Wu, N.6    Panageas, K.7    Wright, J.J.8    Pandolfi, P.P.9    Nimer, S.D.10
  • 29
    • 73949128107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylase inhibitors in cancer therapy
    • Lane, A.A. Chabner, B.A. (2009) Histone deacetylase inhibitors in cancer therapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 27, 5459 5468.
    • (2009) Journal of Clinical Oncology , vol.27 , pp. 5459-5468
    • Lane, A.A.1    Chabner, B.A.2
  • 30
    • 0035710746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method
    • Livak, K.J. Schmittgen, T.D. (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods, 25, 402 408.
    • (2001) Methods , vol.25 , pp. 402-408
    • Livak, K.J.1    Schmittgen, T.D.2
  • 33
    • 36148950997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA approval summary: Vorinostat for treatment of advanced primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
    • Mann, B.S., Johnson, J.R., Cohen, M.H., Justice, R. Pazdur, R. (2007) FDA approval summary: vorinostat for treatment of advanced primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Oncologist, 12, 1247 1252.
    • (2007) Oncologist , vol.12 , pp. 1247-1252
    • Mann, B.S.1    Johnson, J.R.2    Cohen, M.H.3    Justice, R.4    Pazdur, R.5
  • 35
    • 50049108874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic significance of the therapeutic targets histone deacetylase 1, 2, 6 and acetylated histone H4 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
    • Marquard, L., Gjerdrum, L.M., Christensen, I.J., Jensen, P.B., Sehested, M. Ralfkiaer, E. (2008) Prognostic significance of the therapeutic targets histone deacetylase 1, 2, 6 and acetylated histone H4 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Histopathology, 53, 267 277.
    • (2008) Histopathology , vol.53 , pp. 267-277
    • Marquard, L.1    Gjerdrum, L.M.2    Christensen, I.J.3    Jensen, P.B.4    Sehested, M.5    Ralfkiaer, E.6
  • 38
    • 0036014986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylases as therapeutic targets in hematologic malignancies
    • Melnick, A. Licht, J.D. (2002) Histone deacetylases as therapeutic targets in hematologic malignancies. Current Opinion in Hematology, 9, 322 332.
    • (2002) Current Opinion in Hematology , vol.9 , pp. 322-332
    • Melnick, A.1    Licht, J.D.2
  • 39
    • 30344477367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylase inhibitors and the promise of epigenetic (and more) treatments for cancer
    • Minucci, S. Pelicci, P.G. (2006) Histone deacetylase inhibitors and the promise of epigenetic (and more) treatments for cancer. Nature Reviews. Cancer, 6, 38 51.
    • (2006) Nature Reviews. Cancer , vol.6 , pp. 38-51
    • Minucci, S.1    Pelicci, P.G.2
  • 42
    • 4544322261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced expression of class II histone deacetylase genes is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients
    • Osada, H., Tatematsu, Y., Saito, H., Yatabe, Y., Mitsudomi, T. Takahashi, T. (2004) Reduced expression of class II histone deacetylase genes is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. International Journal of Cancer, 112, 26 32.
    • (2004) International Journal of Cancer , vol.112 , pp. 26-32
    • Osada, H.1    Tatematsu, Y.2    Saito, H.3    Yatabe, Y.4    Mitsudomi, T.5    Takahashi, T.6
  • 45
    • 0032475856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocyte enhancer factor-related B-MEF2 is developmentally expressed in B cells and regulates the immunoglobulin J chain promoter
    • Rao, S., Karray, S., Gackstetter, E.R. Koshland, M.E. (1998) Myocyte enhancer factor-related B-MEF2 is developmentally expressed in B cells and regulates the immunoglobulin J chain promoter. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273, 26123 26129.
    • (1998) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.273 , pp. 26123-26129
    • Rao, S.1    Karray, S.2    Gackstetter, E.R.3    Koshland, M.E.4
  • 47
    • 34248631385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in human cancer
    • Ropero, S. Esteller, M. (2007) The role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in human cancer. Molecular Oncology, 1, 19 25.
    • (2007) Molecular Oncology , vol.1 , pp. 19-25
    • Ropero, S.1    Esteller, M.2
  • 49
    • 12344330351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylase inhibitors profoundly decrease proliferation of human lymphoid cancer cell lines
    • Sakajiri, S., Kumagai, T., Kawamata, N., Saitoh, T., Said, J.W. Koeffler, H.P. (2005) Histone deacetylase inhibitors profoundly decrease proliferation of human lymphoid cancer cell lines. Experimental Hematology, 33, 53 61.
    • (2005) Experimental Hematology , vol.33 , pp. 53-61
    • Sakajiri, S.1    Kumagai, T.2    Kawamata, N.3    Saitoh, T.4    Said, J.W.5    Koeffler, H.P.6
  • 50
    • 56949091946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium butyrate enhances the cytotoxic effect of antineoplastic drugs in human lymphoblastic T-cells
    • dos Santos, M.P., Schwartsmann, G., Roesler, R., Brunetto, A.L. Abujamra, A.L. (2009) Sodium butyrate enhances the cytotoxic effect of antineoplastic drugs in human lymphoblastic T-cells. Leukemia Research, 33, 218 221.
    • (2009) Leukemia Research , vol.33 , pp. 218-221
    • Dos Santos, M.P.1    Schwartsmann, G.2    Roesler, R.3    Brunetto, A.L.4    Abujamra, A.L.5
  • 51
    • 38949204406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and valproic acid circumvent apoptosis in human leukemic cells expressing the RUNX1 chimera
    • Sasaki, K., Yamagata, T. Mitani, K. (2008) Histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and valproic acid circumvent apoptosis in human leukemic cells expressing the RUNX1 chimera. Cancer Science, 99, 414 422.
    • (2008) Cancer Science , vol.99 , pp. 414-422
    • Sasaki, K.1    Yamagata, T.2    Mitani, K.3
  • 52
    • 0032212271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mef2 proteins, required for muscle differentiation, bind an essential site in the Ig lambda enhancer
    • Satyaraj, E. Storb, U. (1998) Mef2 proteins, required for muscle differentiation, bind an essential site in the Ig lambda enhancer. Journal of Immunology, 161, 4795 4802.
    • (1998) Journal of Immunology , vol.161 , pp. 4795-4802
    • Satyaraj, E.1    Storb, U.2
  • 54
    • 0345647074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) expression in B and T cells: MEF2C is a B cell-restricted transcription factor in lymphocytes
    • Swanson, B.J., Jack, H.M. Lyons, G.E. (1998) Characterization of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) expression in B and T cells: MEF2C is a B cell-restricted transcription factor in lymphocytes. Molecular Immunology, 35, 445 458.
    • (1998) Molecular Immunology , vol.35 , pp. 445-458
    • Swanson, B.J.1    Jack, H.M.2    Lyons, G.E.3
  • 56
    • 0037406061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Class II histone deacetylases: Versatile regulators
    • Verdin, E., Dequiedt, F. Kasler, H.G. (2003) Class II histone deacetylases: versatile regulators. Trends in Genetics, 19, 286 293.
    • (2003) Trends in Genetics , vol.19 , pp. 286-293
    • Verdin, E.1    Dequiedt, F.2    Kasler, H.G.3
  • 57
    • 73449117582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulatory effects of deacetylase inhibitors: Therapeutic targeting of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells
    • Wang, L., de Zoeten, E.F., Greene, M.I. Hancock, W.W. (2009) Immunomodulatory effects of deacetylase inhibitors: therapeutic targeting of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells. Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery, 8, 969 981.
    • (2009) Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery , vol.8 , pp. 969-981
    • Wang, L.1    De Zoeten, E.F.2    Greene, M.I.3    Hancock, W.W.4
  • 58
    • 67349160499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HDAC expression and clinical prognosis in human malignancies
    • Weichert, W. (2009) HDAC expression and clinical prognosis in human malignancies. Cancer Letters, 280, 168 176.
    • (2009) Cancer Letters , vol.280 , pp. 168-176
    • Weichert, W.1
  • 59
    • 50949104573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of class i histone deacetylases indicates poor prognosis in endometrioid subtypes of ovarian and endometrial carcinomas
    • Weichert, W., Denkert, C., Noske, A., Darb-Esfahani, S., Dietel, M., Kalloger, S.E., Huntsman, D.G. Kobel, M. (2008a) Expression of class I histone deacetylases indicates poor prognosis in endometrioid subtypes of ovarian and endometrial carcinomas. Neoplasia, 10, 1021 1027.
    • (2008) Neoplasia , vol.10 , pp. 1021-1027
    • Weichert, W.1    Denkert, C.2    Noske, A.3    Darb-Esfahani, S.4    Dietel, M.5    Kalloger, S.E.6    Huntsman, D.G.7    Kobel, M.8
  • 60
    • 38549157208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of patterns of class i histone deacetylase expression with patient prognosis in gastric cancer: A retrospective analysis
    • Weichert, W., Roske, A., Gekeler, V., Beckers, T., Ebert, M.P., Pross, M., Dietel, M., Denkert, C. Rocken, C. (2008b) Association of patterns of class I histone deacetylase expression with patient prognosis in gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis. The Lancet Oncology, 9, 139 148.
    • (2008) The Lancet Oncology , vol.9 , pp. 139-148
    • Weichert, W.1    Roske, A.2    Gekeler, V.3    Beckers, T.4    Ebert, M.P.5    Pross, M.6    Dietel, M.7    Denkert, C.8    Rocken, C.9
  • 62
    • 41549159879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Class i histone deacetylase expression has independent prognostic impact in human colorectal cancer: Specific role of class i histone deacetylases in vitro and in vivo
    • Weichert, W., Roske, A., Niesporek, S., Noske, A., Buckendahl, A.C., Dietel, M., Gekeler, V., Boehm, M., Beckers, T. Denkert, C. (2008d) Class I histone deacetylase expression has independent prognostic impact in human colorectal cancer: specific role of class I histone deacetylases in vitro and in vivo. Clinical Cancer Research, 14, 1669 1677.
    • (2008) Clinical Cancer Research , vol.14 , pp. 1669-1677
    • Weichert, W.1    Roske, A.2    Niesporek, S.3    Noske, A.4    Buckendahl, A.C.5    Dietel, M.6    Gekeler, V.7    Boehm, M.8    Beckers, T.9    Denkert, C.10
  • 63
    • 61849144810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HDAC family: What are the cancer relevant targets?
    • Witt, O., Deubzer, H.E., Milde, T. Oehme, I. (2009) HDAC family: what are the cancer relevant targets? Cancer Letters, 277, 8 21.
    • (2009) Cancer Letters , vol.277 , pp. 8-21
    • Witt, O.1    Deubzer, H.E.2    Milde, T.3    Oehme, I.4
  • 64
    • 70349876894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism-anchored profiling derived from epigenetic networks predicts outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Yang, X., Huang, Y., Chen, J.L., Xie, J., Sun, X. Lussier, Y.A. (2009) Mechanism-anchored profiling derived from epigenetic networks predicts outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. BMC Bioinformatics, 10 (Suppl. 9 S6.
    • (2009) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 6
    • Yang, X.1    Huang, Y.2    Chen, J.L.3    Xie, J.4    Sun, X.5    Lussier, Y.A.6
  • 65
    • 0033681541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cabin1 represses MEF2-dependent Nur77 expression and T cell apoptosis by controlling association of histone deacetylases and acetylases with MEF2
    • Youn, H.D. Liu, J.O. (2000) Cabin1 represses MEF2-dependent Nur77 expression and T cell apoptosis by controlling association of histone deacetylases and acetylases with MEF2. Immunity, 13, 85 94.
    • (2000) Immunity , vol.13 , pp. 85-94
    • Youn, H.D.1    Liu, J.O.2
  • 66
    • 0033595816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis of T cells mediated by Ca2+-induced release of the transcription factor MEF2
    • Youn, H.D., Sun, L., Prywes, R. Liu, J.O. (1999) Apoptosis of T cells mediated by Ca2+-induced release of the transcription factor MEF2. Science, 286, 790 793.
    • (1999) Science , vol.286 , pp. 790-793
    • Youn, H.D.1    Sun, L.2    Prywes, R.3    Liu, J.O.4
  • 67
    • 0034663805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of calcineurin and MEF2 signals by the coactivator p300 during T-cell apoptosis
    • Youn, H.D., Chatila, T.A. Liu, J.O. (2000) Integration of calcineurin and MEF2 signals by the coactivator p300 during T-cell apoptosis. EMBO Journal, 19, 4323 4331.
    • (2000) EMBO Journal , vol.19 , pp. 4323-4331
    • Youn, H.D.1    Chatila, T.A.2    Liu, J.O.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.